The Effect of Recast vs. Explicit Corrective Feedback on Iranian EFL Learners' Stress Patterns Learning

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 1166
Author(s):  
Lotfollah Karimi ◽  
Nahid Esfandiari
Keyword(s):  
Language Learners ◽  
Traditional Method ◽  
Corrective Feedback ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Feedback Group ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
And Control ◽  
Stress Patterns ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
One Way Anova

The present study was conducted to compare the effect of recast and explicit corrective feedback on Iranian EFL learners' stress patterns learning. After administering a Nelson test, 60 intermediate female learners out of 80 were selected from intact classes at Iranian, Eram, Jouya, and zaban Sara Language Institutes in Islam Abad Gharb, Iran. These sixty participants were randomly assigned to three groups namely, recast group (G1), explicit corrective feedback group (G2), and control group (G3), each consisting of twenty participants. After that a piloted researcher-made pretest concerning stress patterns on words and sentences was administered to the participants. Then, one of the experimental groups was treated via recast and the other one via explicit corrective feedback, and the control group via traditional method of teaching stress patterns. After the treatment, a piloted posttest administered to all groups. To analyze the data ANCOVA and One-way ANOVA were run and the results revealed that both recast and explicit corrective feedback had positive effect on the learners' stress patterns learning. However, the effect of recast was stronger than that of the explicit corrective feedback. Pedagogically, teachers, syllabus designers, and language learners may use the findings of this study in their practice.

How effective are recasts in teaching /θ/ and /ð/ to EFL learners?

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
Maryam Karami ◽  
Laya Heidari Darani
Keyword(s):  
Language Learners ◽  
Corrective Feedback ◽  
Language Teachers ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Complex Sounds ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Feedback Type ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Before And After ◽  
And Control

This study explored the effect of recasts as corrective feedback (CF) on teaching the sounds /θ/ and /ð/ to Iranian EFL learners, which are absent in Persian. A group of 30 intermediate level students studying English were assigned randomly to the experimental group (EG) and control group (CG). The EG was instructed by giving recasts as CF; while the CG received no feedback when they were taught these sounds. In this experimental study, two teacher-made tests on sounds /θ/ and /ð/ were administered to the participants before and after the treatment. The collected data were analysed using paired-samples t tests. Language learners in the recast group outperformed those in the CG in the posttest. The results showed that recast was an effective feedback type in teaching both the sounds. Findings of the present study can help language teachers and teacher trainers in teaching these complex sounds to Iranian EFL learners.   Keywords: Corrective feedback, errors, form-focused instruction, recast, sounds /ð/ and /θ/.    

scholarly journals A Comparison of Efficiency in Teacher Correction Strategies in Iranian EFL Learners’ Speaking Improvement

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 183
Author(s):  
Roya Keshavarz ◽  
Amin Marzban
Keyword(s):  
Corrective Feedback ◽  
Placement Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Teaching Methodology ◽  
Moderator Variable ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Feedback Type ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

<p>The present study was an attempt to investigate the effect two types of corrective feedback (i.e., recast and metalinguistic) in order to find out which one is more effective on EFL learners’ speaking improvement and also to see if gender could play a role in the relative impact of the two types of corrective feedback on learners’ speaking ability. To this end, 65 EFL learners of intermediate level in one of language institutes in Shiraz, Iran were selected and divided into three groups including two experimental groups and one control. The instruments used to collect the data included IELTS test as the pre and post tests and Oxford Placement Test (OPT) in order to obtain the homogeneity in participants’ English proficiency. The collected data were codified and entered into SPSS Software (Version 22) and were analysed using descriptive statistics, t-test, and Tukey test. The results indicated that although applying these two types of corrective feedback could have made improvement in EFL learners’ speaking ability, there was not observed any significant difference between impacts of recast and metalinguistic on EFL learners’ production. The test results also indicated that there was not any significant difference regarding gender within the three groups. This homogeneity further shows that in this study, the gender variable did not have any effect on the role of corrective feedback and it can be concluded that the observed difference between metalinguistic group, recast group, and control group is just the result of the provided corrective feedback type which has acted as the intervening variable and the moderator variable such as gender did not prove to have any effect in the outcome of this study. The findings can contribute to syllabus design and teaching methodology areas.</p>

scholarly journals Can Explicit Written Corrective Feedback Develop Grammatical and Lexical Accuracy of Saudi EFL Learners?

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nahla Al-Hazzani ◽  
Sultan Altalhab
Keyword(s):  
Corrective Feedback ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Saudi Students ◽  
Written Corrective Feedback ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Efl Students ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Made In

Saudi students encounter many problems in writing skill as several studies revealed (e.g. Alhazmi, 2006; Alsamdani, 2010). Providing effective and useful feedback may help to overcome these challenges. Therefore, this study examines the effect of teachers’ written corrective feedback on female Saudi EFL students’ written essays and to what extent it affects students’ written grammatical and lexical accuracy. The sample comprises 50 foundation level students, across two groups: an experimental group (n=29) and a control group (n=21). Data were gathered over a 10-week period using a pre-/post-test/delayed post-test design for comparable groups. The findings show that although many errors were made in the writing performances, the students in the experimental group had significantly better achievements than the students in the control group on the measure. The results lend support to the efficiency of teachers’ written corrective feedback, showing it has a significant positive effect on the participants’ grammatical and lexical accuracy.

scholarly journals Quizzes in Every Other Session Improve Undergraduate EFL Learners' Pronunciation Achievement

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Ghorbani
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Training Program ◽  
English Literature ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
English Teaching ◽  
And Control ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Experimental Group

The proponents of frequent quizzes claim that they stimulate students and have a positive effect on their learning, while the opponents argue that too frequent quizzes might frustrate students and hinder their learning. This study examined the effect of frequent quizzes on Iranian undergraduate English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners’ pronunciation achievement. The nonequivalent group, pretest-posttest design was employed to study two classes of English literature and English teaching students, who were taking the Phonology Course, at Kosar University of Bojnord (KUB) as the experimental group (EG) and control group (CG) respectively. Two 40-item pronunciation tests were developed based on the 3rd edition of the book Ship or Sheep written by Baker (2006). The reliability of the tests was estimated 0.78 and 0.81 respectively through KR-21 formula. After the pretest administration, both groups were exposed to the same activities; however, only the EG took the quizzes every other session. At the end of the training program, the pretests were rearranged and used as the posttests. The results of the independent samples t-tests from the posttests revealed that the EG had a better performance than the CG suggesting that EFL learners’ pronunciation achievement can improve if quizzes are used every other session.

scholarly journals The Effect of Oral Metalinguistic Corrective Feedback on Learners’ Knowledge of Pronoun among Iranian EFL Learners

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 672
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Azimi Amoli
Keyword(s):  
Language Learners ◽  
English Language ◽  
Corrective Feedback ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Metalinguistic Feedback ◽  
Grammatical Errors ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Grammatical Judgment ◽  
The Impact

A great number of language learners claims that they are unable to produce the foreign language accurately without any grammatical errors at the end of their language course. In this study, the impact of oral metalinguistic corrective feedback, among various types of corrective feedback, on learners’ pronoun accuracy was considered. The participants were 74 EFL learners (46 females, 28 males) studying English at Safir English language institutes in Tehran. In order to homogenize the learners, Key English Test (KET) test was given to them. 60 learners were selected for the study and 14 learners were removed. Participants were randomly divided into two groups. One group received metalinguistic feedback and the other group received explicit correction feedback. Grammatical judgment test was used as a pretest and posttest. Eight reading passages from “Select Readings” were another instrument that was used for training through jigsaw task in this study. Then t-test was run to check the significance of the mean difference between pretest and post-test of groups. The results show the priority of experimental group (which received oral metalinguistic feedback) on control group (which received explicit feedback).

Enhancing EFL learners’ vocabulary learning through formative assessment: Is the effort worth expending?

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-264
Author(s):  
Masoomeh Estaji ◽  
Mostafa Mirzaii
Keyword(s):  
Formative Assessment ◽  
Language Learners ◽  
Vocabulary Learning ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lexical Knowledge ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Widespread Agreement ◽  
Group Interviews ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

AbstractDespite widespread agreement among ELT researchers that vocabulary lies at the heart of communicative competence, currently no consensus exists as to how learning of previously presented lexical items can be guaranteed. Given the inconclusiveness of findings, the present study attempted to delve into the differences in the learning of target vocabulary through formative assessment. To this end, 58 EFL learners assigned to two groups (the experimental and control group) took a vocabulary pretest. The target vocabulary was explicitly presented to both groups, and the experimental group underwent formative assessment of this vocabulary through such techniques as concept mapping, oral questioning, and vocabulary quizzes. In order to probe deep into the perceptions of formative assessment, two focus-group interviews were held with 14 participants of the experimental group. Finally, both groups sat a posttest whose results revealed that the participants in the experimental group outperformed the control group in terms of vocabulary learning. The findings showed that formative assessment can enable language learners to apply their newly gained lexical knowledge with syntactic correctness and semantic appropriateness. The interviews indicated that participants had a positive attitude toward formative assessment.

scholarly journals The Effect of Cooperative Learning Techniques on Intermediate Iranian EFL Learners' Reading Comprehension and Reading Strategies

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Behdokht Mall-Amiri ◽  
Neda Kord Ali Gurk
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Cooperative Learning ◽  
Reading Strategies ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Traditional Teaching ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Sample Test ◽  
And Control ◽  
Positive Effect

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Cooperative Learning techniques on Intermediate Iranian EFL learners' reading comprehension, and reading strategies. In order to do this 90 Iranian EFL learners took, Preliminary English Test (PET), at the start for the researcher homogenize them regarding their general English proficiency. After that, 60 learners whose scores were one standard deviation above and below the mean were selected and were divided into 2groups; Experimental, and Control. Then their homogeneity regarding their reading comprehension was checked through the PET reading comprehension subtest. Afterwards, their reading strategies before the treatment were compared using MARSI questionnaire. During the twelve sessions of treatment the experimental group received the Cooperative Learning Techniques while working on their reading comprehension, and the control group, received traditional teaching without focus on CL techniques. In this study the researcher did not teach reading strategies to the learners. In order to investigate the result of the research a one way MANOVA sample test was used to see the effect of cooperative learning techniques on intermediate Iranian EFL learners' reading comprehension, and reading strategies, and the result has shown that cooperative learning techniques had a significant positive effect on intermediate Iranian EFL learners' reading comprehension, and reading strategies.

scholarly journals The Effect of Using Cell Phone Dictionary on Improving Male and Female Iranian EFL Learners’ Spelling

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 175
Author(s):  
Amir Reza Nemat Tabrizi ◽  
Mohammad Bagheri Fard
Keyword(s):  
Cell Phone ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Class Session ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Experimental Group

<p>This paper attempts to investigate the effect of using cell phone dictionaries on improving male and female Iranian high school EFL learners’ spelling. To this end, ninety participants were randomly selected from Dinodanesh and Etrat high schools in Lordegan city, and they were given a spelling pretest based on their course book. Then sixty subjects whose scores were within the range of one standard deviation above and below the mean were selected as homogeneous and divided into experimental and control groups. Using cell phone dictionaries was conducted in eight class session, during which experimental group received training with cell phone dictionaries while the control group only received training without any cell phone dictionaries. The data were collected via a pretest and a posttest. The analysis of the test scores using t-test revealed that the experimental group did statistically better in the test. The results revealed that using cell phone dictionary had positive effect on improving EFL learners’ spelling. At the end, a two-way ANOVA was run to compare the two groups plus the effect of gender on such performance. The results indicated that treatment have an effect on the improving of both male and female EFL learners’ spelling.</p>

THE EFFECTS OF IMMEDIATE AND DELAYED CORRECTIVE FEEDBACK ON L2 DEVELOPMENT

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-33
Author(s):  
Mengxia Fu ◽  
Shaofeng Li
Keyword(s):  
Corrective Feedback ◽  
Past Tense ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Target Structure ◽  
Elicited Imitation ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Grammaticality Judgment ◽  
L2 Development ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract This article reports on a study exploring the differential effects of immediate and delayed corrective feedback (CF) on the acquisition of the English past tense. One hundred and forty-five seventh-grade EFL learners were assigned to four groups: Immediate CF, Delayed CF, Task Only, and Control. Each experimental group performed six focused communicative tasks, two each in three treatment sessions, eliciting the use of the English past tense. The Immediate CF group received feedback on their erroneous use of the target structure in the first session, the Delayed CF group received feedback in the final session, and the Task Only group performed the communicative tasks without receiving any feedback. The Control group only took the achievement tests. The effects of the feedback treatments were measured through an untimed grammaticality judgment test and an elicited imitation test. Mixed-effects analyses examining the influence of both fixed and random factors demonstrated that immediate CF was more facilitative of L2 development than delayed CF. The results suggest the importance of addressing linguistic errors before they are proceduralized in the interlanguage.

scholarly journals Effective Reading Comprehension in EFL Contexts: Individual and Collaborative Concept Mapping Strategies

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Riahi ◽  
Natasha Pourdana
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Concept Mapping ◽  
Language Learners ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Reading Materials ◽  
Post Test ◽  
And Control ◽  
Collaborative Concept Mapping

The present study attempted to investigate the possible impacts of Individual Concept Mapping (ICM) and Collaborative Concept Mapping (CCM) strategies on Iranian EFL learners' reading comprehension. For this purpose, 90 pre-intermediate female language learners ranged between 12 to 17 years of age were selected to randomly assign into ICM, CCM and Control groups in this study. After taking Key English Test (KET), the ICM and CCM groups received EFL reading materials presented and practiced with ICM and CCM strategies, respectively, while the Control group received only conventional instructions to reading comprehension. After conducting the treatment, all participants took a Concept Mapping post-test constructed by the researchers. The hypothetical assumptions in this study were in favor of ICM and CCM strategies to improve the Iranian EFL learners’ reading comprehension. Statistics supported the outperformance of the ICM and CCM groups comparing to Control group who received convention PPP teaching techniques on Concept Mapping post-test. However, the superiority of neither strategies was statistically proved so that no meaningful difference between the reading comprehension of the ICM and CCM groups were detected. Therefore, the researchers failed to determine which strategy caused a better or higher impact. Some pedagogical implications and recommended topics for further research were provided to the motivated researchers.

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