scholarly journals Accuracy and reliability of two body weight estimators based on linear measurements in horses

2021 ◽  
Vol 78 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. P. G. Rezende ◽  
N. M. Oliveira ◽  
P. L. S. Carneiro
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Linear Measurements

Development of the laser remote caliper as a method to estimate surface area and body weight in beef cattle

SURG Journal ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-72
Author(s):  
Sarah Core ◽  
Stephen Miller ◽  
Matthew Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Digital Imaging ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
P Value ◽  
Side View ◽  
Linear Measurements ◽  
Indirect Measures ◽  
Area And Volume

Linear measurements combined with surface area and volume calculations were used to develop formulas to estimate body weight (BW) in beef cattle. These measurements were evaluated directly or estimated using a laser remote caliper (LRC) and digital imaging software. Seventy-two dry, late gestation beef cows aged 3-13 years were measured and weighed Six measurements for each cow were taken; the cattle were weighed, a body condition score (BCS) was assigned, heart girth (HG), hip width (HW), and hip height (HH) were measured directly and 3 digital pictures were taken. The digital pictures portrayed three different views; side view (restrained), rear view (restrained), and side view (free-stall). Body length, HW, HH, surface area and volume were indirectly calculated from the digital images. For each view a complete (C-) formula (direct and indirect measures) and remote (R-) formula (only indirect measures) to estimate BW was developed. The R-squared values 0.7459, 0.7937, 0.8078, 0.5016, 0.611, 0.5553 were attained for C-side view free-stall, C-side view (restrained), C-rear view (restrained), R-side view free-stall, R-side view (restrained), and R-rear view (restrained). The accuracy of these formulas was 81% on average. BCS, HG and HW were the most significant factors when developing a formula for BW (p-value < 0.001). Side view (restrained) image measurements were most accurate in estimating BW. These measurements were highly correlated with the direct measurements and digital linear body measurements were not distorted (due to poor posture/positioning) as seen with the other views. The results or this study show that linear measurements collected by digital imaging methods can be a useful tool for estimating BW.

Performance and Linear Measurements of Growing Pigs Fed on Basis of Their Body Weight

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.E. Onyimonyi ◽  
S.O.C. Ugwu ◽  
N.S. Machebe
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Linear Measurements

scholarly journals Bayesian principal component analysis of Nigerian indigenous normal feather chickens' body linear measurements

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-20
Author(s):  
A. E. Sonubi ◽  
A. S. Adenaike ◽  
A. A. Dauda ◽  
T. P. Alao ◽  
B. O. Shonubi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Body Measurements ◽  
Indigenous Chicken ◽  
Body Dimension ◽  
Linear Measurements

The indigenous chicken is a store house of unique genes that could be used in other parts of the world for improving other breeds. This study was carried out using bayesian principal component analysis and aimed objectively at determining the effect of sex on Nigerian indigenous normal feather chickens' body dimension, describing their body shape, and predicting their body weights from body measurements using orthogonal conformation traits derived from the principal components score. The parameters measured at 16 weeks of age were body weight, body length, breast girth, thigh length, shank length, shank diameter, keel length, wing length, wing span, and tail length on 233 randomly selected adult chickens. Sexual dimorphism was observed in all the traits with higher values recorded for males. Bayesian correlations among body weight and biometric traits were positive (r = 0.09 to 0.651 and 0.017 to 0.579 in male and female chickens respectively). The descriptive statistics showed that the mean body weight was 1.8085 ± 0.263 kg for males and 1.403 ± 0.226 kg for females. The first two principal components (PCs) were extracted for the males, both PCs components account for 72.21%. For the females, three PCs were extracted and they account for 77%. The first PC in each case accounted for the greatest percentage of the total variation. The use of orthogonal body shape characteristics derived from components' scores was more appropriate than the use of original traits in body weight prediction as multi-collinearity problems were eliminated. This led to simultaneous analysis of these body measurements rather than on individual basis. These components could be used as selection criteria for improving body weight of indigenous Nigerian chickens.

scholarly journals QUANTIFYING SIZE AND SHAPE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN MUTURU AND N'DAMA BREEDS OF CATTLE

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 51-58
Author(s):  
S. N. Ibe ◽  
A. G. Ezekwe
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Correlation Matrix ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Pelvic Bone ◽  
Linear Measure ◽  
Discriminant Functions ◽  
Linear Measurements ◽  
Size And Shape ◽  
Optimal Balance ◽  
Linear Body

Body weight and eight linear body traits, namely heart girth, body and diagonal lengths, height at withers and at hip, width of loin and at pelvic bone, and depth at rear flank, were measured forthniylıtly on 32 Muturu bulls, 16 of which were born in the dry season (Muturu -D) and the remaining 16 in the rainy season (Muturu-R), and on 11 N'dama bulls. Correlations between all pairs of traits in all groups were high, positive and significant (r > 0.093). The first two principal components derived from the correlation matrix of the linear measurements, PCI and PC2 accounted for at least 98% of total variance in all cases and were regarded as, size' and 'shape' vectors, respectively. Whereas PC1 gave largest weight to heart girth, PC2 gave largest weight to two or more different other linear measurements in the three groups. N'dama had the best conformation, followed by Muturu -D and then Muturu - R. PC-based prediction models were more parsimonius than linear measure-based models and are considered preferable for selecting animals for "optimal" balance. Also, in addition to discriminating between the two different breeds, PC- based discriminant functions were able to discriminate among individuals within the same breed on the basis of putritional differences. These functions are therefore recommended for classifying animals according to different macro and micro criteria.

PSIII-5 Predicting live weight using linear body measurements in growing beef calves

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 285-285
Author(s):  
Vanessa Rotondo ◽  
Dan Tulpan ◽  
Katharine M Wood ◽  
Marlene Paibomesai ◽  
Vern R Osborne
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Body Measurements ◽  
Learning Models ◽  
Linear Measurements ◽  
Beef Calves ◽  
Machine Learning Models ◽  
Linear Body

Abstract The objective of this study is to investigate how linear body measurements relate to and can be used to predict calf body weight using linear and machine learning models. To meet these objectives, a total of 103 Angus cross calves were enrolled in the study from wk 2 - 8. Calves were weighed and linear measurements were collected weekly, such as: poll to nose, width across the eyes (WE), width across the right ear, neck length, wither height, heart girth (HG), midpiece height (MH), midpiece circumference, midpiece width (MW), midpiece depth (MD), hook height, hook width, pin height, top of pin bones width (PW), width across the ends of pin bones, nose to tail body length, the length between the withers and pins, forearm to hoof, cannon bone to hoof. These measurements were taken using a commercial soft tape measure and calipers. To assess relationships between traits and to fit a model to predict BW, data were analyzed using the Weka (The University of Waikato, New Zealand) software using both linear regression (LR) and random forest (RF) machine learning models. The models were trained using a 10-fold cross-validation approach. The automatically derived LR model used 11 traits to fit the data to weekly BW (r2 = 0.97), where the traits with the highest coefficients were HG, PW and WE. The RF model improved further the BW predictions (r2= 0.98). Additionally, sex differences were examined. Although the BW model continued to fit well (r2 0.97), some of the top linear traits differed. The results of this study suggest that linear models built on linear measurements can accurately estimate body weight in beef calves, and that machine learning can further improve the model fit.

scholarly journals Measures of relationships and association among body weight and biometric traits of donkeys in Northwest Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-19
Author(s):  
P. A. John ◽  
A. O. Iyiola-Tunji
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Selection Criterion ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Neck Circumference ◽  
The Body ◽  
Head Width ◽  
Linear Measurements ◽  
Predicted Body Weight

Body linear measurements of different age categories of donkeys were used to predict the body weight of donkeys using stepwise regression procedure. This work was conducted to estimates the live body weight of donkeys from biometric traits. A total of 700 donkeys were measured into three age groups (weaners 6 months- 1 year, young above 1- 3 years and adults 3 years and above). Morphometric measures taken were body weight, head length, head width, ear length, neck length, neck circumference, shoulder width, height at withers, heart girth, body length and tail length using random sampling technique. Significant variations were observed in morphometric (P<0.05, P<0.01) traits. The results of the study showed that significantly (P<0.01) predicted body weight of these donkeys with good efficiencies were neck circumference (NC), tail length (TL) and body length (BL) were the best predictors of body weight with R2= 100% in weaners, head width (HWD), neck circumference (NL), neck circumference (NC) and height at withers (HW) with R2= 100% in young and HW, HG with R2 = 100% in adult category. The traits were significantly (p<0.05, 0.01) and positively correlated amongst themselves (r=0.09-0.87).It is therefore concluded that the inclusion of two variables improved the prediction marginally, but the addition of further variables gave little further improvement. The association may be useful as selection criterion, since positive correlations of traits suggest that the traits are under the same gene action (pleiotropy/linkage). It is therefore recommended that tail length, neck circumference, body length, height at withers and heart girth should be used as the best predictors of body weight across the sex and age categories of donkeys. 

scholarly journals Effects of strain and skip–a–day feed restriction on growth characteristics of broiler chickens

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 122-133
Author(s):  
K. L. Akinsola ◽  
S. O. Olawumi ◽  
O. B. Abiloro ◽  
E. N. Obasi ◽  
J. Nathaniel
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Growth Characteristics ◽  
Feed Restriction ◽  
Linear Measurements ◽  
Poids Corporel ◽  
Tropical Conditions ◽  
Il Y A ◽  
Intermediate Value

The aim of this study was to compare the growth performance of different broiler strains and to evaluate the suitable skip-a-day feed restriction regime at the starter and finisher phases. A total number of 288 day-old broilers of Arbor Acres, Hubbard and Marshall were randomly allocated to four treatments of 96 chicks per strain, with each treatment having three replicates of eight birds. The four treatments are full – fed (control), second, third and fourth week skip-a-day feed restriction. Data on body weight and body linear measurements were recorded on weekly basis to the 8thweek. Results showed that there was significant (p<0.01) effect of strain on body weight, body length, breast girth at the starter and finisher phases. This indicates that there were differences in genetic make-up of the three strains. Arbor Acre strain appeared tolerant to feed restriction and had superior body weight at the starter and finisher phases. Regarding the effect of skip-a-day feed restriction on birds, there was significant (p<0.01) effect on growth characteristics of the birds. Birds full-fed had the highest mean value in body weight, while third week feed restriction recorded intermediate value but better that other feed restriction regimes. It is suggested that for profitable broiler production under tropical conditions, Arbor Acre and third week skip-a-day feed restriction be considered.     L'objectif de cette étude était de comparer les performances de croissance de différentes souches de poulets de gril et d'évaluer le régime approprié de restriction des aliments pour animaux par jour aux phases de démarrage et de finition. Un nombre total de poulets de grillage de 288 jours d'Arbor Acres, Hubbard et Marshall ont été attribués au hasard à quatre traitements de 96 poussins par souche, chaque traitement ayant trois répliques de huit oiseaux. Les quatre traitements sont complets – nourris (contrôle), deuxième, troisième et quatrième semaine skip-a-day restriction de l'alimentation. Les données sur le poids corporel et les mesures linéaires du corps ont été enregistrées sur une base hebdomadaire jusqu'à la 8e semaine. Les résultats ont montré qu'il y avait un effet significatif (p<0.01) de la tension sur le poids corporel, la longueur du corps, la circonférence du sein aux phases de démarrage et de finition. Cela indique qu'il y avait des différences dans la constitution génétique des trois souches. La souche Arbor Acre semblait tolérante à la restriction de l'alimentation et avait un poids corporel supérieur aux phases de démarrage et de finition. En ce qui concerne l'effet de la restriction d'alimentation par jour sur les oiseaux, il y a eu un effet significatif (p<0.01) sur les caractéristiques de croissance des oiseaux. Les oiseaux nourris à part entière avaient la valeur moyenne la plus élevée en poids corporel, tandis que la restriction de l'alimentation de la troisième semaine enregistrait une valeur intermédiaire, mais mieux que les autres régimes de restriction des aliments pour animaux. Il est suggéré d'envisager une production rentable de poulets de grillage dans des conditions tropicales, arbor acre et restriction d'alimentation de troisième semaine par jour.

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