scholarly journals FROM EXCLUSIVISM TO PLURALISM: A REFLECTION ON EUROPEAN RELIGIOUS MINORITIES

2018 ◽  
pp. 139-158
Author(s):  
Mariana Rosca

This paper reviews the religious diversity theory in the writings of Hick, Legenhausen and Netland, among others. It distinguishes two main approaches to religious diversity, pluralism and exclusivism, and examines their negative and positive application in the current situation of new minorities’ management policies. Drawing on current praxis the negative consequences of religious minorities’ disintegration processes are identified. The paper argues for the need to develop further actions that could effectively accommodate minority´s religious identities, in order to build a common and shared framework, with a certain degree of flexibility to be able to adapt to future social and cultural changes.

Author(s):  
Rochana Bajpai

What role does secularism have in the governance of religious diversity in an age marked by the assertion of religio-cultural identities across the world? India, with its long history of religious pluralism, a state ideology of secularism, and the ascendancy of Hindu nationalism, is a key site for examining the disposition of secularism towards religious identities and diversity. Secularism and multiculturalism are often seen as opposed in political debates involving religious minorities, notably the well-known French headscarf case. Several scholars have suggested that religious traditions offer better resources for toleration than modern secularism (for India, see, for example, Madan 1998: 316; Nandy 1998:336–7). Others, more sympathetic to secularism, have also suggested that it may be deficient in the normative resources required for the accommodation of religious practices, particularly in the case of minorities (Mahajan, this volume; Modood 2010).


2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 110-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mar Griera ◽  
Julia Martínez-Ariño

The increasing vitality and variety of religious identities in Europe give rise to new claims and demands by religious minorities. This generates new challenges for the articulation of the religious and the secular in European democracies, which become especially salient in public institutions such as hospitals, prisons, and schools. This special issue focuses on public institutions with the aim to examine how state and religion encounter one another in contemporary Western societies. We take public institutions as privileged observatories for understanding the changing place of religion but also as laboratories in which new arrangements are experimented. The articles analyse the presence, regulation, and negotiation of religion and religious diversity in public institutions across Europe combining innovative empirical enquiries with theoretical and methodological reflections.


Author(s):  
Lori G. Beaman

This chapter problematizes the notions and language of tolerance and accommodation in relation to religious diversity, and traces their genealogy both as legal solutions and as discursive frameworks within which religious diversity is increasingly understood in the public sphere. The problem they pose is that they create a hierarchy of privilege that preserves hegemonic power relations by religious majorities over religious minorities. Tolerance in this context might be imagined as the broadly stated value that we must deal with diversity and those who are different from us by tolerating them. Accommodation might be seen as the implementation of this value—that in order to demonstrate our commitment to tolerance we must accommodate the ‘demands’ of minority groups and those individuals who position themselves or align themselves with minorities.


2021 ◽  
pp. 31-41
Author(s):  
С.А. РОДОМАНСКАЯ

Актуальность данных исследований обусловлена недостаточной проработанностью механизма управления процессами в сфере обеспечения продовольственной безопасности территории, что значительно снижает эффективность их регулирования и приводит к нерациональному использованию ресурсов (природных, трудовых и др.), возникновению негативных последствий и угроз. В рамках данных исследований разработан управленческий цикл продовольственной безопасности территории в виде структурно-функциональной модели, которая, наряду с субъектным и объектным блоками, состоит из комплекса взаимосвязанных подсистем. Оценку регионального уровня продовольственной безопасности предполагается проводить с помощью общепринятых критериев и показателей самообеспеченности, независимости (зависимости), достаточности, доступности и качества продукции. Основу метода моделирования в цикле составляет неотъемлемая его часть – наличие условий проверки, что не только способствует изучению сложившейся ситуации в продовольственной системе, но и позволяет спрогнозировать развитие этой системы при заданных условиях в кратко-, средне- и долгосрочной перспективе. В статье определено основное содержание, смысл и функциональное назначение подсистем, которые в совокупности создают все предпосылки для проведения системного мониторинга, выработки управленческих решений, определения текущей ситуации в обеспечении продовольственной безопасности и возможной координации действий в сфере ее обеспечения. Разработанный цикл имеет практическую значимость при выборе взаимоприемлемых мер и действий по устранению или смягчению критических ситуаций в сфере продовольственной безопасности. В данном цикле для каждой подсистемы определена специфика географических знаний, объединенных пространственным аспектом исследования. В заключение отмечается, что логическая взаимосвязь подсистем в цикле позволила получить целостное представление о потребностях управления продовольственной системой территории в геоэкологических знаниях, которые имеют экспертное и предметное значение. The relevance of these studies is due to the insufficient elaboration of the mechanism for managing food processes in the field of ensuring food security of the territory, which significantly reduces the effectiveness of their regulation and, in turn, leads to the irrational use of resources (natural, labor, etc.) and the emergence of negative consequences and threats. Within the framework of these studies, a management cycle of food security of the territory has been developed in the form of a structural and functional model, which, along with the subject and object blocks, consists of a complex of interconnected subsystems. As a method for assessing conditions, the use of modeling and foresight methods, an integral assessment of the level of food security and methods of strategic planning, in particular the situational method of SWOT analysis, is proposed. The assessment of the level of food security at the regional level is supposed to be carried out using generally accepted criteria and indicators of self-sufficiency, independence (dependence), sufficiency, availability and quality of products. The basis of the modeling method in the cycle is its integral part – the presence of conditions for checking the situation, which contributes not only to the study of the current situation in the food system, but also makes it possible to predict the development of this system under given conditions in the short, medium and long term. The article defines the main content, meaning and functional purpose of the subsystems, which together create all the prerequisites for conducting system monitoring, developing management decisions to enhance food security resulting from the iterative food process, to determine the current situation in ensuring food security and possible coordination of actions in the sphere of ensuring food security. The developed cycle is of practical importance in choosing mutually acceptable measures and actions to eliminate or mitigate critical situations in the field of food security or to enhance food security. In this cycle, for each subsystem, the specificity of geographical knowledge of natural-social relations, united by the spatial aspect of the study, is determined. In conclusion, it is noted that the logical interconnection of subsystems in the cycle made it possible to obtain a holistic idea of ​​the needs of managing the food system of the territory in geoecological knowledge, which have expert and substantive significance.


Author(s):  
Roman Gumzej ◽  
Martin Lipicnik

In a time, when the economic crisis is filling the news, it may seem hard to even think about improvements in terms of research and development, since there are lacking funds even for the reproduction. However, the last economic revolution was born in a crisis. Therefore it is sensible to look at the current situation as an opportunity for the next economic revolution,. bringing the economy a new cycle of development. The potentials for growth with the globalization have been mainly exploited so far, bringing considerable negative consequences into our lives and our environment that have triggered anti-globalist and ecological movements around the world. Now it’s time to think how to make things better and more humane. The main goal of this chapter is to lay the foundation for an advanced-research technological platform for logistics applications networks.


2021 ◽  
pp. 95-113
Author(s):  
Uday S. Mehta

This chapter is organized around a contrast between two views relating to religious diversity and toleration and the differing logics implicit in them. The first is that of M. K. Gandhi, in which religious diversity and toleration was taken to be a given feature of the fluid historical, social, and normative texture of India. It therefore did not take toleration as requiring a special intervention. In contrast, the second takes diversity as given, which necessarily tends toward conflict, and hence toward anarchy and ultimately death. The first takes religious identities and diversity as given; the second is reliant on the functioning of the state, because it has to mediate between the contending claims of identity.


Author(s):  
Andrew Copson

Secularism has always been controversial. But today both the official secularism of constitutional republics and the secular ethic of liberal democracies are also being rocked by rapid social changes, resurgent religious identities and nationalisms, increasing migration, and many other factors. Secularism is an idea under siege by its opponents at the same time as conflicts within secularism pit its different aspects against each other in new tensions. ‘Hard questions and new conflicts’ considers secularism in practice, education as a feature of secularism, blasphemy and criticism of religions, religious expression in a secular state, religious diversity in the West, and resurgent political religion.


2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiran Shrestha

Modern liberal economics is against the Buddhists economics. Unhealthy market competition, greed of money, top most professionalisms and economic depression and recessions are the dark side but reality of modern liberal economics. To avoid such negative consequences from livelihood, right livelihood, from a philosophy of noble eightfold path, Buddhists Economics will be a new dimension of new economic development. To check the current situation of Buddhists Economics in Nepalese Cooperatives and Agriculture a small literature review was conducted. From this review above specified hypothesis over the drawbacks of contemporary liberal economics have serious hegemony over small Nepalese Economy. Buddhists scholars must be able to impose the philosophy of Buddhists Economics in day to day life of people linked with business, production, cooperatives and agriculture.


2017 ◽  
pp. 37-54
Author(s):  
Roberta Medda-Windischer

The present article analyzes how main issues and dilemmas that religious minorities and groups pose and face in contemporary societies in which, in the terms of the European Court of Human Rights, several religions coexist within one and the same population, have been or may be addressed through the lens of the European Convention on Human Rights. Key words: freedom of religion; religious diversity; religious minorities; accommodation; European Convention on Human Rights.Published online: 11 December 2017


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