scholarly journals Response of Primed Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Seeds towards Reproductive Stage Drought Stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (10) ◽  
pp. 2913-2921
Author(s):  
Mohd Syahmi Salleh ◽  
Mohd Shukor Nordin ◽  
Adam B. Puteh ◽  
Rozilawati Shahari ◽  
Zarina Zainuddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Soil Water Potential ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Reproductive Stage ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
The Impact

Seed priming could be promoted as a potential alternative in alleviating drought stress challenges in rice cultivation. The present study was conducted as an attempt to verify potential performance of seed priming in improving seedling growth and harvestable grain yield of rice under reproductive stage drought stress (RS). Seed treatments involved were non-primed seeds as control (T1), hydro-primed (T2) and osmo-primed at -1.0 mPa with polyethylene glycol (PEG6000) (T3). Reproductive stage drought stress (RS) was imposed at soil water potential lower than -60 kPa. The well-watered plants served as control of the experiment. In general, seedling growth of T3 was better than T2 and T1 for all growth parameters in both planting seasons. Yield components were significantly lower in RS as compared to well-watered treatment (WW). The agronomic performance of primed seeds in T2 and T3 were not significantly different with T1 under both RS and WW for both planting seasons. As a conclusion, seed priming treatments used in this study was ineffective in improving agronomic performance of rice under RS. Therefore, other alternatives such as development of drought tolerant rice should be highly emphasized in order to minimize the impact of drought on growth and yield of rice plant.

scholarly journals Effect of Seed Priming on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Modern Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Varieties

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-43
Author(s):  
A A Mamun ◽  
U A Naher ◽  
M Y Ali
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Vigor Index

The experiment was carried out in the Seed Laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural Development Corporation (BADC), Gazipur during June to July 2014 to investigate the effects of different priming methods on seed germination and the seedling growth of some rice (Oryza sativa L.)  varieties. Four rice varieties: 1) Nerica, 2) BRRI dhan51, 3) BRRI dhan41 and 4) BRRI dhan49; and six priming treatments: 1) On-farm Priming, 2) Hardening, 3) Hydro-priming, 4) Osmo-hardening, 5) Vitamin C Priming and 6) Control were used in the experiment. The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design (CRD). The treatments were replicated three times. The germination percentage and seedling growth parameters differed significantly among the priming treatments. For germination, Nerica variety showed poor performance, whereas the other varieties were found superior. Among the priming treatments, Vitamin C priming and Osmo-hardening were found superior. In case of interaction, germination was increased with Vitamin C priming and Osmo-hardening in Nerica. For seedling growth parameters, particularly vigor index, shoot and root lengths, BRRI dhan41 and BRRI dhan51 were found superior. The priming treatment Vitamin C and Osmo-hardening performed better than others.  Seedling vigor index was increased with Vitamin C priming and Osmo-hardening in Nerica variety. Shoot length at 15th day was influenced by hydro-priming in Nerica. Root length at 10th day was significantly increased with hardening in BRRI dhan41. Vitamin C priming and Osmo-hardening could therefore, be used for improving germination and seedling growth of Nerica. The Agriculturists 2018; 16(1) 34-43

Effectiveness of nitrogen and bio-fertilizer choice for improving growth and yield of hybrid rice (Oryza sativa L.) during dry season

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 302-309
Author(s):  
Sukanta Pal ◽  
Megha Sana ◽  
Hirak Banerjee ◽  
Lhingneikim Lhungdim
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Hybrid Rice ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
N Dose ◽  
Dry Seasons

Effect of nitrogen and bio-fertilizer on growth and productivity of hybrid rice (cv. PHB 71) was assessed during dry seasons of 2017 and 2018 at Research Farm of BCKV under new alluvial zone of West Bengal. The experiment was laid out in factorial randomized block design with 12 treatment combinations having 4 levels of N and 3 types of bio-fertilizer replicated thrice. Application at 180 kg N/ha produced tallest plants at 90 DAT with maximum LAI (60 DAT), DMA (90 DAT), tillers/hill (90 DAT) and CGR (30-60 & 60-90 DAT). The same N rate resulted in highest panicles/m2, panicle length, panicle weight, filled grains/panicle and 1000-grain weight. A decrease in N dose from 180 to 150 kg/ha caused reduction in all those yield components; however, the variation was non-significant except for number of panicles/m2. Maximum grain yield, straw yield and harvest index was also achieved with 180 kg N/ha accounting 120.1, 34.9 and 32.8% more than the values obtained with zero-N; however, it was statistically at par with the yields and HI obtained with 150 kg N/ha. The Azospirillum application increased all the growth parameters, yield components and yield of hybrid rice over other tested bio-fertilizers (Azospirillum > PSB > K mobilizer), accounting 5.9 and 8.8% more than the yields obtained with PSB and K mobilizer. The interaction of N and bio-fertilizer exerted significant effect on growth attributes but failed to record any significant variations in yield components and yield of hybrid rice. The maximum economic benefit was achieved with combined application of 180 kg N/ha and Azospirillum.

scholarly journals Seed Priming with Potassium Nitrate and Gibberellic Acid Enhances the Performance of Dry Direct Seeded Rice (Oryza sativa L.) in North-Western India

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 849
Author(s):  
Buta Singh Dhillon ◽  
Virender Kumar ◽  
Pardeep Sagwal ◽  
Navjyot Kaur ◽  
Gurjit Singh Mangat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Potassium Nitrate ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Western India ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Crop Establishment ◽  
Direct Seeded

Poor early growth and uneven crop establishment are reported as the major bottlenecks in wide-scale adoption and optimal yield realization of dry direct-seeded rice (DSR). Seed priming can potentially help overcome these problems in DSR. Therefore, laboratory and field studies were conducted at Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India, during kharif/wet-season 2018 and 2019 to evaluate the effect of different priming techniques on germination, establishment, growth, and grain yield of rice under DSR conditions. The following priming treatments were evaluated: dry non-primed seed (control), hydropriming with distilled water, halopriming with 2.0% potassium nitrate, hormopriming with 50 ppm gibberellic acid (GA3), and osmopriming with polyethylene glycol (PEG)(−0.6 MPa), each with 12 and 24 h priming duration. In 2019, priming treatments were tested under two DSR establishment methods—conventional DSR (sowing in dry soil followed by irrigation) and soil mulch DSR (locally known as vattar DSR) (sowing in moist soil after pre-sowing irrigation), whereas in 2018, priming treatments were evaluated under conventional DSR only. In both years, halopriming and hormopriming resulted in a 7–11% increase in rice yields compared to non-primed dry seed (control). Osmopriming resulted in a 4% yield increase compared to control in 2018 but not in 2019. The higher yields in halopriming and hormopriming were attributed to higher and rapid germination/crop emergence, better root growth, and improvement in yield attributes. Priming effect on crop emergence, growth, and yield did not differ by DSR establishment methods and duration of priming. Conventional DSR and soil mulch DSR did not differ in grain yield, whereas they differed in crop emergence, growth, and yield attributes. These results suggest that halopriming with 2.0% potassium nitrate and hormopriming with 50 ppm GA3 has good potential to improve crop establishment and yield of rice in both conventional and soil mulch DSR systems.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Magnesium, Boron, dan Pupuk Hayati terhadap Produktivitas Cabai serta Serangan Hama dan Penyakit (Effect of Magnesium, Boron, and Biofertilizers on Chili Pepper Productivity and Impact of Pests and Diseases)

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Wiwin Setiawati ◽  
Ahsol Hasyim ◽  
Bagus Kukuh Udiarto ◽  
Abdi Hudayya
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Chili Pepper ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Positive Interaction ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
The Impact

<p>Penggunaan pupuk hayati dan unsur hara makro sekunder seperti magnesium (Mg) dan hara mikro boron (B) diketahui dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan, kualitas hasil tanaman, meningkatkan unsur hara dalam tanah serta mampu meningkatkan ketahanan tanaman terhadap serangan hama dan penyakit. Selain itu penggunaan pupuk tersebut dapat mengurangi kebutuhan terhadap pupuk kimia sintetis. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui pengaruh aplikasi Mg, B, dan kombinasinya dengan pupuk hayati terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil panen serta penekanan serangan hama dan penyakit. Penelitian dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Balai Penelitian Tanaman Sayuran, Lembang, Jawa Barat (1.250 m dpl.) dari bulan Juni 2018 sampai bulan Februari 2019. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok terdiri atas delapan perlakuan dan empat ulangan. Perlakuan yang diuji adalah aplikasi Mg, B, dan kombinasi dengan pupuk hayati serta teknologi konvensional sebagai pembanding. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman (tinggi tanaman dan luas kanopi), komponen hasil dan hasil serta serangan hama dan penyakit penting yang menyerang tanaman cabai. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi Mg, B, dan pupuk hayati yang diaplikasikan sebanyak dua kali pada umur 30 HST dan 45 HST mampu meningkatkan produktivitas cabai sebesar 21,68 ton/ha atau meningkat sebesar 54,53% dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Peningkatan produktivitas cabai terjadi karena adanya perbaikan dalam komponen hasil seperti jumlah bunga, jumlah buah, panjang, dan bobot buah serta adanya penekanan terhadap serangan hama dan penyakit seperti trips, antraknosa, lalat buah, dan penggerek buah sebesar 18,10% sampai 23,93%.</p><p><strong>Keywords</strong></p><p><em>Capsicum annuum</em>; Unsur hara makro; Pupuk hayati; Produktivitas; Organisme pengganggu tumbuhan</p><p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>The use of biofertilizer and macro and micro nutrients enhanced the growth and development, yield quality of vegetable crops as well as nutrient status of soil to a greater extent and to increased on pests and diseases resistance. Organic sources of nutrients including biofertilizers also economize the use of chemical fertilizers. The objectives of this study were to determine the best combination of Mg, B, and biofertilizer that increase the growth and yield of chili pepper and the impact to pest and diseases on chili pepper. The field experiment was conducted at the experimental field of the Indonesian Vegetable Research Institute, Lembang, West Java from June 2018 to February 2019. The experiment was arranged in a Randomized Block Design with eight treatments and four replicated. The treatments were Mg, B, and their combinations with biofertilizer compared to the conventional technologies as a control. The observations were carried out on the growth parameters (plant height and leaf canopy), yield components, pest and diseases of chili pepper. The results showed that the combinations of Mg, B, and biofertilizer increased the yield of chili up to 21.68 ton/ha or positive interaction beside beneficial agent with Mg, B, and biofertilizer package on 54.53%. Increased productivity of chili occurs because of improvements in yield components such as the number of flowers, number of fruits, fruit length and fruit weight and reduction of pest and disease attacks such as thrips, anthracnose, fruit flies and, fruit borers by 18.10% to 23.93%.</p>

scholarly journals Hydro- and Osmo-priming Effects on Upland Rice Exposed to Drought Conditions at Vegetative and Reproductive Stages

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kartika Kartika ◽  
Benyamin Lakitan ◽  
Rofiqoh Purnama Ria
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Drought Treatment ◽  
Vigor Index ◽  
Heading Stage

Drought stress during vegetative and/or generative stages could cause massive reduction in rice yield. This study evaluated effectiveness of hydro- and osmo-priming on improving seed germination, growth and development of upland rice under drought stress during late vegetative, booting, or heading stage. Treatments consisted of hydro-priming and osmo-priming consisted of three polyethylene glycol (PEG) concentrations i.e. 10%, 15%, and 20%. Results showed that application of osmo-priming at 10% PEG required longer time (21.93 hours) to reach 50% germination, lower germination and lower vigor index. However, after germination, seeds primed with 10% PEG exhibited better seedling growth than other seed priming treatments. Effects of seed priming on yield components were overshadowed by drought exposures. Drought imposed during vegetative stage did not significantly affect yield; however, regardless of seed priming treatments, yield reduction was inevitable in rice plants exposed to drought during booting or heading stages. Rice plant shortened time to reached physiological maturity as an adaptive mechanism if drought treatment was applied during heading stage. Keywords: Germination, Polyethylene glycol, Seedling growth, Seed priming, Yield component

scholarly journals Brassinosteroid Priming Improves Peanut Drought Tolerance via Eliminating Inhibition on Genes in Photosynthesis and Hormone Signaling

Genes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 919
Author(s):  
Luping Huang ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Ruier Zeng ◽  
Xinyue Wang ◽  
Huajian Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Signal Cascade ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Fast Adaptation ◽  
Gene Ontologies ◽  
Transcriptomic Changes ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

Drought negatively affects the growth and yield of terrestrial crops. Seed priming, pre-exposing seed to a compound, could induce improved tolerance and adaptation to stress in germinated plants. To understand the effects and regulatory mechanism of seed priming with brassinosteroid (BR) on peanut plants, we treated seeds with five BR concentrations and examined dozens of physiological and biochemical features, and transcriptomic changes in leaves under well-watered and drought conditions. We found optimal 0.15 ppm BR priming could reduce inhibitions from drought and increase the yield of peanut, and priming effects are dependent on stage of plant development and duration of drought. BR priming induced fewer differentially expressed genes (DEGs) than no BR priming under well-watered condition. Drought with BR priming reduced the number of DEGs than drought only. These DEGs were enriched in varied gene ontologies and metabolism pathways. Downregulation of DEGs involved in both light perceiving and photosynthesis in leaves is consistent with low parameters of photosynthesis. Optimal BR priming partially rescued the levels of growth promoting auxin and gibberellin which were largely reduced by drought, and increased levels of defense associated abscisic acid and salicylic acid after long-term drought. BR priming induced many DEGs which function as kinase or transcription factor for signal cascade under drought. We proposed BR priming-induced regulatory responses will be memorized and recalled for fast adaptation in later drought stress. These results provide physiological and regulatory bases of effects of seed priming with BR, which can help to guide the framing improvement under drought stress.

scholarly journals In Vitro Assessment of Kurdish Rice Genotypes in Response to PEG-Induced Drought Stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (13) ◽  
pp. 4471
Author(s):  
Didar Rahim ◽  
Petr Kalousek ◽  
Nawroz Tahir ◽  
Tomáš Vyhnánek ◽  
Petr Tarkowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Polymorphic Information Content ◽  
Callus Growth ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Rice Genotypes

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is productively affected by different environmental factors, including biotic and abiotic stress. The objectives of this research were to evaluate the genetic distinction among Kurdish rice genotypes using the simple sequence repeats (SSRs) molecular markers and to perform in vitro tests to characterize the drought tolerance of six local rice genotypes. The polymorphic information content (PIC) varied from 0.38 to 0.84 with an average of 0.56. The genetic distance ranged from 0.33 to 0.88. Drought stress had a significant impact (p ≤ 0.05) on callus growth parameters. Enzymatic antioxidant systems were predicted and exhibited a significant variation. The findings revealed that proline levels increase in proportion to polyethylene glycol (PEG) concentrations. Kalar and Gwll Swr genotypes showed the worst performances in phenotypic and biochemical traits, while Choman and Shawre exhibited the best phenotypic and biochemical performances. A positive and substantial relationship between callus fresh weight (CFW) and callus dry weight (CDW) was found under stressful and optimized conditions. Callus induction (CI) was positively and significantly associated with the catalase activity (CAT) in all stressed treatments. Based on the results for callus growth and the biochemical parameters under stress conditions, a remarkable genotype distinction, based on the tolerance reaction, was noted as follows: PEG resistant > susceptible, Choman > Shawre > White Bazyan > Red Bazyan > Gwll Swr > Kalar. The CI and CAT characteristics were considered as reliable predictors of drought tolerance in rice genotypes.

scholarly journals Research Progress and Perspective on Drought Stress in Legumes: A Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 2541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Nadeem ◽  
Jiajia Li ◽  
Muhammad Yahya ◽  
Alam Sher ◽  
Chuanxi Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
The Impact

Climate change, food shortage, water scarcity, and population growth are some of the threatening challenges being faced in today’s world. Drought stress (DS) poses a constant challenge for agricultural crops and has been considered a severe constraint for global agricultural productivity; its intensity and severity are predicted to increase in the near future. Legumes demonstrate high sensitivity to DS, especially at vegetative and reproductive stages. They are mostly grown in the dry areas and are moderately drought tolerant, but severe DS leads to remarkable production losses. The most prominent effects of DS are reduced germination, stunted growth, serious damage to the photosynthetic apparatus, decrease in net photosynthesis, and a reduction in nutrient uptake. To curb the catastrophic effect of DS in legumes, it is imperative to understand its effects, mechanisms, and the agronomic and genetic basis of drought for sustainable management. This review highlights the impact of DS on legumes, mechanisms, and proposes appropriate management approaches to alleviate the severity of water stress. In our discussion, we outline the influence of water stress on physiological aspects (such as germination, photosynthesis, water and nutrient uptake), growth parameters and yield. Additionally, mechanisms, various management strategies, for instance, agronomic practices (planting time and geometry, nutrient management), plant growth-promoting Rhizobacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal inoculation, quantitative trait loci (QTLs), functional genomics and advanced strategies (CRISPR-Cas9) are also critically discussed. We propose that the integration of several approaches such as agronomic and biotechnological strategies as well as advanced genome editing tools is needed to develop drought-tolerant legume cultivars.

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