scholarly journals Systematic use of Saline Water with Leaching Fraction for Improving Soil Health under Arid Conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ameer Hamza ◽  
Mukkram Ali Tahir ◽  
Noor Us- Sabah ◽  
Ghulam Sarwar ◽  
Muhammad Luqman
Keyword(s):  
Saline Water ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Arid Conditions ◽  
Leaching Fraction

Response of pomegranate (Punica Granatum L.) to saline water irrigation under arid conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 270-276
Author(s):  
B R Morwal ◽  
Pradeep Pagaria ◽  
Shayam Das ◽  
Vinay Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Saline Water ◽  
Punica Granatum ◽  
Saline Water Irrigation ◽  
Arid Conditions ◽  
Punica Granatum L

scholarly journals Effect of Water Quality and Date Palm Biochar on Evaporation and Specific Hydrological Characteristics of Sandy Soil

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 300
Author(s):  
Arafat Alkhasha ◽  
Abdulrasoul Al-Omran ◽  
and Abdulaziz G. Alghamdi
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Hydrological Characteristics ◽  
Arid Conditions ◽  
Cumulative Infiltration

Experiments were conducted in a soil laboratory using transparent columns (5 and 40 cm in diameter and length, respectively) to evaluate the effects of water quality (i.e., fresh or saline water) with the addition of biochar on soil moisture characteristics. Soil and biochar were gently combined and added into the top 10 cm of each column at a rate of 2%, 4%, 6%, and 8% (w/w). The results show a decrease in cumulative evaporation by 29.27%, 16.47%, 14.17%, and 14.61% with freshwater, and by 21.24%, 12.22%, 21.08%, and 12.67% with saline water for B1, B2, B3, and B4, respectively, compared with unamended soil (B1, B2, B3 and B4 represent the treatments with the biochar rate of 2, 4, 6, and 8%, respectively). Cumulative infiltration was reduced by 34.38%, 43.37%, 58.89%, and 57.07% with freshwater, and by 30.18%, 44.38%, 54.44%, and 49.11% with saline water for B1, B2, B3, and B4, respectively. The infiltration rate was reduced by 32.73%, 42.17%, 57.82%, and 56.85% with freshwater, and 42.09%, 54.6%1, 62.68%, and 58.41% with saline water for T1, T2, T3, and T4, respectively, compared with the control. The saturated hydraulic conductivity of B1 decreased significantly by 92.8% and 67.72% with fresh and saline water, respectively. Biochar, as a soil conditioner, could be used in arid conditions with fresh and saline water to enhance the hydrological properties of sandy soils.

scholarly journals The Australian Cotton Industry and four decades of deep drainage research: a review

2013 ◽  
Vol 64 (12) ◽  
pp. 1049 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Silburn ◽  
J. L. Foley ◽  
A. J. W. Biggs ◽  
J. Montgomery ◽  
T. A. Gunawardena
Keyword(s):  
Saline Water ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Furrow Irrigation ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Deep Drainage ◽  
Cotton Industry ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Leaching Fraction ◽  
Cracking Clays

The Australian cotton industry and governments have funded research into the deep-drainage component of the soil–water balance for several decades. Cotton is dominantly grown in the northern Murray–Darling and Fitzroy Basins, using furrow irrigation on cracking clays. Previously, it was held that furrow irrigation on cracking clays was inherently efficient and there was little deep drainage. This has been shown to be simplistic and generally incorrect. This paper reviews global and northern Australian deep-drainage studies in irrigation, generally at point- or paddock-scale, and the consequences of deep drainage. For furrow-irrigated fields in Australia, key findings are as follows. (i) Deep drainage varies considerably depending on soil properties and irrigation management, and is not necessarily ‘very small’. Historically, values of 100–250 mm year–1 were typical, with 3–900 mm year–1 observed, until water shortage in the 2000s and continued research and extension focussed attention on water-use efficiency (WUE). (ii) More recently, values of 50–100 mm year–1 have been observed, with no deep drainage in drier years; these levels are lower than global values. (iii) Optimisation (flow rate, field length, cut-off time) of furrow irrigation can at least halve deep drainage. (iv) Cotton is grown on soils with a wide range in texture, sodicity and structure. (v) Deep drainage is moderately to strongly related to total rainfall plus irrigation, as it is globally. (vi) A leaching fraction, to avoid salt build-up in the soil profile, is only needed for irrigation where more saline water is used. Drainage from rainfall often provides an adequate leaching fraction. (vii) Near-saturated conditions occur for at least 2–6 m under irrigated fields, whereas profiles are dry under native vegetation in the same landscapes. (viii) Deep drainage leachate is typically saline and not a source of good quality groundwater recharge. Large losses of nitrate also occur in deep drainage. The consequences of deep drainage for groundwater and salinity are different where underlying groundwater can be used for pumping (fresh water, high yield; e.g. Condamine alluvia) and where it cannot (saline water or low yield; e.g. Border Rivers alluvia). Continuing improvements in WUE are needed to ensure long-term sustainability of irrigated cropping industries. Globally there is great potential for increased production using existing water supplies, given deep drainage of 10–25% of water delivered to fields and WUE of <50%. Future research priorities are to further characterise water movement through the unsaturated zone and the consequences of deep drainage.

Temporal Impacts of Different Fertilization Systems on Soil Health under Arid Conditions of Potato Monocropping

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 322-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. Abd El-Azeim ◽  
M. A. Sherif ◽  
M. S. Hussien ◽  
S. A. Haddad
Keyword(s):  
Soil Health ◽  
Arid Conditions

scholarly journals Content, extraction and export of nutrients in sugarcane under salinity and leaching fraction

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 432-438
Author(s):  
Raquele M. de Lira ◽  
Ênio F. de F. e Silva ◽  
Gerônimo F. da Silva ◽  
Diego H. S. de Souza ◽  
Elvira M. R. Pedrosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Water Salinity ◽  
Content Extraction ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Leaching Fraction

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the contents of macronutrients and also chlorine and sodium in the diagnostic leaf, and the extraction and export of macronutrients in sugarcane irrigated with saline water and leaching fractions. The experiment was conducted in a complete randomized design in a 5 x 2 factorial scheme with four replications, corresponding to five levels of water salinity (0.5, 2.0, 3.5, 5.0 and 6.5 dS m-1) and two leaching fractions (L1 = 0 and L2 = 0.17). The treatments were applied 60 days after planting. At 280 days after planting, diagnostic leaves were collected and used to evaluate the nutritional status and the contents of Cl and Na. At 360 days after planting, the sugarcane was harvested and its stalks were separated into tops and leaves. Exposure to water of increasing salinity linearly reduced the N, P, K and Mg contents of the diagnostic leaves and increased their Ca, Cl and Na contents. This effect was minimized by the application of the 0.17 leaching fraction. The extraction of nutrients followed the order K > Ca > N > Mg > S > P. The salinity of the irrigation water had a negative effect on the nutritional status of the plant and on its extraction and export of nutrients; the application of the 0.17 leaching fraction improved the results, except for Ca and S.

scholarly journals Irrigation with saline water on pineapple grown in the semi-arid of bahia state

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cleiton Fernando Barbosa Brito ◽  
Varley Andrade Fonseca ◽  
Marcelo Rocha dos Santos ◽  
Alessandro de Magalhães Arantes ◽  
Sergio Luiz Rodriguez Donato
Keyword(s):  
Saline Water ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Arid Conditions ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Irrigation Depth ◽  
Plant Grown ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Semi Arid

We aimed to evaluate the effects of different irrigation depths with saline water on growth, yield, water-use efficiency, and fruit quality of ‘Pérola’ pineapple plant grown in the semi-arid of Bahia state. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design with five treatments which represented the irrigation depths: 100% of crop evapotranspiration (ETc) with irrigation water of 0.75 dS m-1 in electrical conductivity (ECiw); and 50, 75,100, and 125% of ETc with water of 3.6 dS m-1 in ECiw. Pineapples were grown under field conditions watered by drip irrigation in which pressure compensating emitters had 8 L h-1 flow rate. We observed that the irrigation depth 100% of ETc with water of 0.75 and 3.6 dS m-1 in ECiw provides higher pineapple yields under the semi-arid conditions of this study, and the chemical quality of the fruits are up to commercial standards, except when applying 125% of ETc with water of 3.6 dS m-1 in ECiw.

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