Effects of Dietary Supplementation of Chitosan oligosaccharide substrate-Organic Selenium on Egg Quality in Laying Hens

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-206
Author(s):  
Hyang Hyun Cho ◽  
Hee Kyong Kim ◽  
Hong Bum Koh ◽  
Young Ho Kim
Keyword(s):  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Chitosan Oligosaccharide ◽  
Organic Selenium

scholarly journals Mitigation Effects of Bentonite and Yeast Cell Wall Binders on AFB1, DON, and OTA Induced Changes in Laying Hen Performance, Egg Quality, and Health

Toxins ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 156
Author(s):  
Ling Zhao ◽  
Yue Feng ◽  
Jing-Tao Wei ◽  
Meng-Xiang Zhu ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Liver Weight ◽  
Laying Hen ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Villus Height ◽  
Crypt Depth ◽  
Induced Changes

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of mycotoxin binders in reducing the adverse effects of co-occurring dietary aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), deoxynivalenol (DON) and ochratoxin A (OTA) on laying hens. Three hundred and sixty 26-week-old Roman laying hens were randomly allocated into four experimental groups with 10 replicates of nine birds each. The four groups received either a basal diet (BD; Control), a BD supplemented with 0.15 mg/kg AFB1 + 1.5 mg/kg DON + 0.12 mg/kg OTA (Toxins), a BD + Toxins with Toxo-HP binder (Toxins + HP), or a BD + Toxins with TOXO XL binder (Toxins + XL) for 12 weeks. Compared to the control, dietary supplementation of mycotoxins decreased (P < 0.10) total feed intake, total egg weight, and egg-laying rate, but increased feed/egg ratio by 2.5–6.1% and mortality during various experimental periods. These alterations induced by mycotoxins were alleviated by supplementation with both TOXO HP and XL binders (P < 0.10). Furthermore, dietary mycotoxins reduced (P < 0.05) eggshell strength by 12.3% and caused an accumulation of 249 μg/kg of DON in eggs at week 12, while dietary supplementation with TOXO HP or XL mitigated DON-induced changes on eggshell strength and prevented accumulation of DON in eggs (P < 0.05). Moreover, dietary mycotoxins increased relative liver weight, but decreased spleen and proventriculus relative weights by 11.6–22.4% (P < 0.05). Mycotoxin exposure also increased alanine aminotransferase activity and reduced immunoglobulin (Ig) A, IgM, and IgG concentrations in serum by 9.2–26.1% (P < 0.05). Additionally, mycotoxin exposure induced histopathological damage and reduced villus height, villus height/crypt depth, and crypt depth in duodenum, jejunum and (or) ileum (P < 0.05). Notably, most of these histological changes were mitigated by supplementation with both TOXO HP and XL (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that the mycotoxin binders TOXO HP and XL can help to mitigate the combined effects of AFB1, DON, and OTA on laying hen performance, egg quality, and health.

scholarly journals Application of Selenium Conjugated to Animal Protein in Laying Hens’ Diet for the Production of Selenium-Enriched Eggs

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1224
Author(s):  
Kai Qiu ◽  
Youbiao Ma ◽  
Uchechukwu Edna Obianwuna ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Haijun Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Organic Selenium ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Enhanced Production ◽  
Immune Capacity ◽  
Biochemical Indices

The current experiment was conducted to investigate the application effects of selenium conjugated to insect protein (SCIP) in the production of selenium-enriched eggs. A total of 450 laying hens were randomly assigned to five dietary groups, each group consisting of six replicates. Hens in the control group received a diet without selenium supplementation, whereas hens in the other four groups received diets supplemented with either 1, 2, 5, or 10 mg/kg of selenium from SCIP. The productive performance, egg quality, antioxidant and immune capacity, biochemical indices, intestinal morphology, and oviduct health of laying hens were evaluated. The results showed that the supplementation of organic selenium provided by SCIP in the diets of laying hens enhanced performance and egg quality without any toxicity effect, even at the 10 mg/kg inclusion level. A level of 2 mg/kg of selenium provided by SCIP in diets tentatively improved the serum antioxidant and immune capacity, intestinal development, and oviduct health of laying hens in a conspicuous manner. Hence, the biosafety and positive effects of SCIP as a feed additive supplement in laying hens’ diet have been demonstrated with the enhanced production of safe and selenium-enriched eggs.

scholarly journals Dietary cadmium chloride impairs shell biomineralization by disrupting the metabolism of the eggshell gland in laying hens

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingkun Zhu ◽  
Huaiyu Li ◽  
Liping Miao ◽  
Lanlan Li ◽  
Xinyang Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Complement C3 ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Palisade Layer ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Laying Performance ◽  
Dietary Cadmium

Abstract In this study, we identified cadmium (Cd) as a potential endocrine disruptor that impairs laying performance, egg quality, and eggshell deposition and induces oxidative stress and inflammation in the eggshell glands of laying hens. A total of 480 38-wk-old laying hens were randomly assigned into 5 groups that were fed a basal diet (control) or a basal diet supplemented with Cd (provided as CdCl2·2.5 H2O) at 7.5, 15, 30, and 60 mg Cd per kg feed for 9 wk. The results showed that, when compared with the control group, a low dose of dietary Cd (7.5 mg/kg) had positive effects on egg quality by improving albumen height, Haugh unit, yolk color, and shell thickness at the third or ninth week. However, with the increase in the dose and duration of Cd exposure, the laying performance, egg quality, and activities of eggshell gland antioxidant enzymes (catalase [CAT], glutathione peroxide [GSH-Px]), and ATPase (Na+/K+-ATPase, Ca2+-ATPase, and Mg2+-ATPase) deteriorated, and the activity of total nitric oxide synthase (T-NOS) and the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) increased significantly (P &lt; 0.05). The histopathology and real-time quantitative PCR results showed that Cd induced endometrial epithelial cell proliferation accompanied by upregulation of the mRNA levels of progesterone receptor (PgR) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), downregulation of the mRNA levels of estrogen receptor α (ERα) and interleukin 6 (IL6), and inflammation of the eggshell gland accompanied by significantly increased expression of complement C3 and pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) (P &lt; 0.05). In addition, the ultrastructure of the eggshell showed that dietary supplementation with 7.5 mg/kg Cd increased the palisade layer and total thickness of the shell, but with the increase in dietary Cd supplementation (30 and 60 mg/kg) the thickness of the palisade layer and mammillary layer decreased significantly (P &lt; 0.05), and the outer surface of the eggshell became rougher. Correspondingly, the expression of calbindin 1 (CALB1), ovocalyxin-32 (OCX-32), ovocalyxin-36 (OCX-36), osteopontin (SPP1), and ovocledidin-17 (OC-17) decreased significantly (P &lt; 0.05) with increasing dietary Cd supplementation. Conclusively, the present study demonstrates that dietary supplementation with Cd negatively affects laying performance, egg quality, and eggshell deposition by disturbing the metabolism of eggshell glands in laying hens but has a positive effect on egg quality at low doses.

Effects of dietary supplementation of vitamin C on productive performance, egg quality, tibia characteristics and antioxidant status of laying hens

2021 ◽  
Vol 248 ◽  
pp. 104502
Author(s):  
Jomari Badillo Delos Reyes ◽  
Jong Hyuk Kim ◽  
Gi Ppeum Han ◽  
Seung Yeon Won ◽  
Dong Yong Kil
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Productive Performance

scholarly journals Effect of oregano (Oreganum syriacum L.) essential oil and cage density on performance parameters, egg quality criteria, some blood biochemical parameters, blood antioxidant capacity, and intestinal histopathology in laying hens

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-145
Author(s):  
Mehmet Gül ◽  
Emre Yılmaz ◽  
Gürkan Sezmiş ◽  
Betül Apaydın Yıldırım ◽  
Adem Kaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Quality Criteria ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Performance Parameters ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Blood Biochemical

Although many methods have been developed in order to reduce the negative effects in laying hens reared at high cage density, researches on effects of dietary supplementation of oregano (Oreganum syriacum L., OEO) essential oil as a feed additive to the diets are extremely sparse. This study investigated the effects of OEO and caging density on performance parameters, egg quality criteria, some blood biochemical parameters, blood antioxidant capacity, and intestinal histopathology of laying hens. We used 276 white Lohmann laying hens aged 38–40 weeks in the experiment. The animals were divided to positive control (600 cm2 hen/cage, PC), negative control (360 cm2 hen/cage, NC), negative control+ 200 mg/kg OEO (NC+O2), negative control+ 400 mg/kg OEO (NC+O4), and negative control+ 600 mg/kg OEO (NC+O6). In this study, it was determined that egg weight and egg shell weight increased at higher caging density, but they did not change with dietary supplementation of OEO. In addition, the plasma calcium and phosphorus decreased with the higher caging density and dietary supplementation of OEO. Supplemented OEO to the diets of the laying hens reduced lipid peroxidation and improved antioxidant capacity and intestinal histopathology of laying hens. As a result, it was determined that OEO decreased the negative effects of high caging density. While this positive effect was found to be at a maximum dose at 400 mg/kg of OEO, it was determined that a dose of 600 mg/kg of OEO had a toxic effect, if even numerically.

scholarly journals Supplementation of spirulina (Spirulina platensis) on yolk colour, egg quality and production performance of laying hens

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-78
Author(s):  
M Ahammed ◽  
S Sharmin ◽  
A Khatun ◽  
KMS Islam
Keyword(s):  
Spirulina Platensis ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Dietary Treatments

A total of 96 Shaver 579 laying hens of 78 weeks of age were studied for the effects on egg production of dietary supplementation with spirulina (Spirulina platensis). The hens were divided into four dietary treatments with six replications of four birds in each group. Birds of three groups were supplemented with 0.1%, 0.2% and 0.3% spirulina and one group was kept as control. Yolk colour significantly improved (P<0.01) as compared to control, without affecting any other production performances. It is suggested that dietary supplementation of spirulina at 0.2 to 0.3% levels in aged laying hens enhanced egg yolk colour. Bangl. vet. 2017. Vol. 34, No. 2, 71-78

scholarly journals Xylanase impact beyond performance: A microbiome approach in laying hens

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0257681
Author(s):  
Veerle Van Hoeck ◽  
Ingrid Somers ◽  
Anas Abdelqader ◽  
Alexandra L. Wealleans ◽  
Sandy Van de Craen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Laying Hen ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Significant Shift ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Analysis

Anti-nutritional compounds such as non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) are present in viscous cereals used in feed for poultry. Therefore, exogenous carbohydrases are commonly added to monogastric feed to degrade these NSP. Our hypothesis is that xylanase not only improves laying hen performance and digestibility, but also induces a significant shift in microbial composition within the intestinal tract and thereby might exert a prebiotic effect. In this context, a better understanding on whether and how the chicken gut microbial population can be modulated by xylanase is required. To do so, the effects of dietary supplementation of xylanase on performance, apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) and cecal microbiome in laying hens were evaluated in the present study. A total of 96 HiSex laying hens were used in this experiment (3 diets and 16 replicates of 2 hens). Xylanase was added to the diets at concentrations of 0, 45,000 (15 g/t XygestTM HT) and 90,000 U/kg (30 g/t Xygest HT). The diets were based on wheat (~55%), soybean and sunflower meal. The lowest dosage, 45,000 U/kg, significantly increased average egg weight and improved feed efficiency compared to the control treatment (P<0.05). Egg quality parameters were significantly improved in the experiment in response to the xylanase addition. For example, during the last 28 days of the trial, birds receiving the 45,000 U/kg and the 90,000 U/kg treatments exhibited an increase in Haugh units and albumin heights (P<0.05). Compared with the control, the ATTD of organic matter and crude protein were drastically improved in the 45,000 U/kg treatment group (P<0.05). Furthermore, gross energy and the ATTD of crude fat were improved significantly for birds fed 90,000 U/kg group compared to the control. Importantly, 16S rRNA gene analysis revealed that xylanase at 45,000 U/kg dosage can exert a change in the cecal microbiome. A significant increase in beneficial bacteria (Bacilli class; Enterococcaceae and Lactobacillales orders; Merdibacter, Enterococcus and Nocardiopsis genera; Enterococcus casseliflavus species) was documented when adding 45,000 U/kg xylanase to the diet of laying hens. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of xylanase 45,000 U/kg significantly improved laying hen performance and digestibility. Furthermore, microbiome data suggest that xylanase modulates the laying hen bacterial population beneficially, thus potentially exerting a prebiotic effect.

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