EFFECT OF CROP HISTORY ON RESPONSE OF APPLE CV. COX'S ORANGE PIPPIN TO A RANGE OF FRUIT SETTING TREATMENTS

For some horticultural plants, auxins can not only induce normal fruit setting but also form fake seeds in the induced fruits. This phenomenon is relatively rare, and, so far, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In this study, “Fenghou” (Vitis vinifera × V. labrusca) grapes were artificially emasculated before flowering and then sprayed with 4-CPA (4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid) to analyze its effect on seed formation. The results show that 4-CPA can induce normal fruit setting in “Fenghou” grapes. Although more seeds were detected in the fruits of the 4-CPA-treated grapevine, most seeds were immature. There was no significant difference in the seed shape; namely, both fruit seeds of the grapevines with and without 4-CPA treatment contained a hard seed coat. However, the immature seeds lacked embryo and endosperm tissue and could not germinate successfully; these were considered defective seeds. Tissue structure observation of defective seeds revealed that a lot of tissue redifferentiation occurred at the top of the ovule, which increased the number of cell layers of the outer integument; some even differentiated into new ovule primordia. The qRT-PCR results demonstrated that 4-CPA application regulated the expression of the genes VvARF2 and VvAP2, which are associated with integument development in “Fenghou” grape ovules. Together, this study evokes the regulatory role of 4-CPA in the division and continuous redifferentiation of integument cells, which eventually develop into defective seeds with thick seed coats in grapes.

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Cucumber breeding lines are a prospective material for creating new varieties for open ground in southern Russia

VEGETABLE CROPS OF RUSSIA ◽

10.18619/2072-9146-2021-6-65-67 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 65-67

Author(s):

O. P. Kigashpaeva ◽

A. V. Gulin ◽

L. P. Lavrova

Keyword(s):

Import Substitution ◽

Economic Traits ◽

Scientific Center ◽

Breeding Lines ◽

Fruit Setting ◽

Open Ground ◽

New Varieties ◽

Southern Russia ◽

Predominantly Female ◽

Academy Of Sciences

The varieties and hybrids of cucumbers cultivated in the Astrakhan region are insufficiently productive and are largely affected by a number of diseases. The introduction of innovative developments into production, in particular, new varieties and hybrids of domestic selection, largely solves the problem of import substitution and food security. The goal is to use promising breeding lines and their offspring as genetic sources and donors when creating new varieties and hybrids for open field conditions in southern Russia.Methods. Experiments were carried out in the fields of Precaspian agrarian federal scientific center of the Russian academy of sciences, according to the methods used in the Astrakhan region. Within three years, 47 collection samples were tested.Results. The article presents the results of studying the 12 most promising ones, distinguished by a complex of valuable economic traits, in particular by yield, amicability of fruit setting, which are of interest for further breeding work. According to the results of the data obtained, we can say that the best were the lines: 13-88RZ, 13-101RZ, Gherkins, KRASTAVAC, Courage, Zina, they can be used to create new varieties and hybrids of cucumber as donors of a predominantly female type of flowering, harmonious yield.

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The effect of growing conditions and pollination mode on the Lonicera caerulea berry mass

BIO Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/bioconf/20213800018 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 38 ◽

pp. 00018

Author(s):

Irina G. Boyarskikh

Keyword(s):

Related Species ◽

Weather Conditions ◽

Closely Related Species ◽

Lonicera Caerulea ◽

Fruit Setting ◽

Growing Conditions ◽

Pollination Mode ◽

Blue Honeysuckle

The berry mass of the blue honeysuckle plants of different environmental and geographical provenance was shown to be affected by the weather conditions at the time of the fruit setting and ripening. Pollination by defective pollen and by the pollen of closely-related species resulted in the decreased berry mass.

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APPLICATION RESULTS OF CUCUMBER GRAFTING ON DIFFERENT ROOTSTOSKS OF PUMPKIN

VEGETABLE CROPS OF RUSSIA ◽

10.18619/2072-9146-2018-6-31-33 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 31-33

Author(s):

G. S. Martirosyan

Keyword(s):

Vitamin C ◽

Total Yield ◽

Growth Conditions ◽

Summer Period ◽

High Increase ◽

Fruit Setting ◽

The World ◽

Growth Development ◽

Fruit Mass ◽

Female Flowers

At present it is very actual in vegetable growing the development of highly effective and ecologically safe methods for increasing yields and plant resistance to unfavorable growth conditions. One of these methods is grafting. The goal of the study was to learn the influence of the rootstock on the characteristics of the growth, development and yield of cucumber. Research was conducted in 2015-2016 in greenhouse in spring-summer period in Armenia. As a scions was used cucumber variety Nazrvan, which was grafted on 5 pumpkin rootstocks (VI033637, VI03338, VI03364, VI040903, VI056328) from the collection of the World Vegetable Center (WVC). The grafting was carried out according to the standard method. When the VI033637 rootstock was used, flowering started 5 days earlier than the ungrafted plants, while when grafted on VI040903, the fruits ripened 6.2 days earlier. High increase of early yield (33.3%) received when used both above mentioned rootstocks. VI033638 – 4.1 kg/m2 and VI033664- 9.9 kg/m2 samples provided high increase of the total yield. For all the types of rootstocks the grafted plants of cucumber surpass the non-grafted ones by height from 4.7 % to 21.7%, by marketability of fruits from 5% to 14% and by fruit mass from 15 gr to 45 g. At the beginning of fruit-setting of cucumber plants the number of female flowers increased from 27% to 63% depending on the rootstock sample. The amount of dry substances in all grafted plants has increased by 4.4-8.8% and the amount of vitamin C by 1.8-9.2%. As a result of research carried out by us, perspective rootstocks (VIO33638 and VIO33664) are identified by a set of economically valuable characteristics which are recommended for applying in the further investigation and breeding activities and in production of grafted plants.

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