scholarly journals Folk botanical nomenclature – between structured and non-structured lexis

Diacronia ◽  
2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oana Zamfirescu
Keyword(s):  
Botanical Nomenclature ◽  
Common Language ◽  
Border Line ◽  
Scientific Terminology ◽  
Plant Names ◽  
The Status

This article aims to investigate the status of folk botanical nomenclature from the perspective of the lexematic theory, a theory developed by Eugeniu Coseriu. The linguist believes that terminologies (folk and scientific) represent objective and conventional classifications that fall under the order of reality. They are a part of the non-structured lexis and not a part of the structured one. The features that situate this nomenclature in the non-structured lexis and ones that situate it in the structured lexis are established on the basis of the material made available by various sources (dictionaries, encyclopædias, different works containing plant names form our country). After the consultation of the sources, the conclusion is that folk plant names are situated at the border line between common language and scientific terminology.

scholarly journals Territorial Delimitation between Altai, Omsk and Semipalatinsk Provinces in 1925

2021 ◽  
pp. 371-383
Author(s):  
K. B. Korzhenevsky
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Border Line ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of

A detailed analysis of the process of demarcation of the Altai province from the Omsk province of the RSFSR and the Semipalatinsk province of the Kirghiz (since June 1925 — Kazak) ASSR, which were first involved in scientific circulation is carried out on the basis of the archival documents. It is shown that it consisted in an attempt by the Altai authorities to withdraw the territory of the Narrow Steppe from under their jurisdiction and transfer it to the adjacent provinces in the first half of 1925. The history of this border issue, which arose as a result of the inclusion of the Korostelevskaya steppe in the Kyrgyz ASSR, is investigated. The course of discussion of changes in the border line between the authorities of the three provinces and Moscow is described. Various arguments proposed by the parties, options for resolving the problem that have arisen are considered; and also, it is explained why, in the end, the disputed border territory remained part of Siberia. It is noted that the attempts of the leadership of the Altai province to transfer part of the territory of the Uglovsky district with the “Narrow Steppe” tract under the control of the Omsk and Semipalatinsk provinces are noted. It is concluded that the issue of the status of the Narrow Steppe during the nationalterritorial demarcation between Siberia and Kazakhstan was one of the most difficult and went beyond the traditional ways of solving similar problems.

scholarly journals GALEN, DIVINATION AND THE STATUS OF MEDICINE

2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 337-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter van Nuffelen
Keyword(s):  
Social Reality ◽  
Scientific Discipline ◽  
Roman Law ◽  
Self Presentation ◽  
Border Line ◽  
Historical Approach ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status ◽  
Cover Up

Galen's stories about his successes in predicting the development of an illness belong to the best-known anecdotes drawn from his writings. Brilliant pieces of self-presentation, they set Galen apart from his peers, who tried to cover up their ignorance by levelling accusations of magic and divination against their superior colleague. These accusations are usually interpreted as very real threats, as Roman law punished illicit magic and divination. Pointing out that Galen sometimes likes to present himself as amantisand a prophet, others have suggested that the accusations against Galen and his own self-presentation indicate that the border line between medicine and religion was still fluid. Both approaches correctly draw attention to the social reality that the accusations betray: they suggest that Galen belongs to a group of healers of dubious standing that populated the empire and thus show that medicine did not have a monopoly on healing. Yet such a socio-historical approach may not be sufficient. For one thing, both explanations have their limitations. Regarding the former, it can be said that Augustus' prohibition of divination aimed at controlling prediction about the emperor and one can doubt that a widespread clampdown of all forms of divination ever was intended. A possible objection to the second view is that throughout hisoeuvreGalen emphasizes his medicine as a rational undertaking, even as a science (epistêmê). If one takes his self-presentation as amantisto be more than metaphorical and to indicate the not yet fully crystallized identity of medicine as a separate scientific discipline, then Galen's usual way of understanding his own craft as a ‘science’ is in need of explanation. Besides such possible objections, a different set of questions still needs to be asked: why precisely were accusations of practising magic and divination levelled against Galen and why do they recur so frequently in his writings? Why divination and not, say, poisoning?

Weimar Sociology

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Kettler ◽  
Colin Loader
Keyword(s):  
Max Weber ◽  
Common Language ◽  
Georg Simmel ◽  
Karl Mannheim ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter examines the status of the fledgling but burgeoning field of sociology from the waning days of the Kaiserreich through the last moments of the Republic. Two intellectual giants who did not live very long into the Republic's founding, Max Weber and Georg Simmel, set the agenda for the study of society in Weimar. The chapter suggests that it was the early demise of Weber and Simmel that permitted their heirs, most prominently Karl Mannheim, to render their writings canonical and to pursue the questions of modernity, rationalization, capitalism and the relationship of ideas and ideology to those phenomena with something like a common language—if not a language that facilitated intellectual consensus on any of these themes.

QUANTUM MECHANICS AND THE ROLE OF TIME: ARE QUANTUM SYSTEMS MARKOVIAN?

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (27n28) ◽  
pp. 1243005 ◽  
Author(s):  
THOMAS DURT
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Mechanics ◽  
Quantum Systems ◽  
Quantum Nonlocality ◽  
Border Line ◽  
The Past ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
The Status ◽  
Alternative Theories ◽  
Time In Quantum Mechanics

The predictions of the Quantum Theory have been verified so far with astonishingly high accuracy. Despite of its impressive successes, the theory still presents mysterious features such as the border line between the classical and quantum world, or the deep nature of quantum nonlocality. These open questions motivated in the past several proposals of alternative and/or generalized approaches. We shall discuss in the present paper alternative theories that can be infered from a reconsideration of the status of time in quantum mechanics. Roughly speaking, quantum mechanics is usually formulated as a memory free (Markovian) theory at a fundamental level, but alternative, nonMarkovian, formulations are possible, and some of them can be tested in the laboratory. In our paper we shall give a survey of these alternative proposals, describe related experiments that were realized in the past and also formulate new experimental proposals.

Taxonomy for child well-being indicators: A framework for the analysis of the well-being of children

Childhood ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 460-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asher Ben-Arieh ◽  
Ivar Frønes
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Common Language ◽  
Child Indicators ◽  
The Status ◽  
Dramatic Rise

Recent years have brought a dramatic rise in the number of efforts to measure and monitor the status of children. Yet, despite numerous efforts and reports with ‘Child indicators’ in the title, the field of social child indication is fragmented and lacking a unifying taxonomy. The more ambitious the analysis and the more elaborate the statistics, the stronger the need for a common language used by all. This article tries to suggest such a taxonomy.

CS04-01 - Conceptual history of classification

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1778-1778
Author(s):  
H. Sass
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Patient Care ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Care Research ◽  
Scientific Terminology ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Regulatory Affairs ◽  
The Status ◽  
Icd 10

In most of the somatic disciplines of medicine there is no doubt about the importance of diagnosis for patient care, research, teaching and regulatory affairs. In psychiatry however, the status of diagnosis has been antiguous for long times. In this paper the reasons for this difference will be discussed in the light of the historical development of diagnosis and classification in the beginnings of modern psychiatry. Especially during the period of antipsychiatric reasoning it was even regarded as harmful and dangerous for patients for be diagnosed in a scientific terminology. As a consequence the research in the field of mental disorder was hindered and blurred, and in addition also the scientific basis of our discipline was questioned. The American Psychiatric Association published in 1952 the „Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders” (DSM-I), which was the first official manual of mental disorders to contain a glossary of descriptions of the diagnostic categories. A major breakthrough was the publication of DSM-III in 1980, which was not only characterized by explicit criteria for inclusion and exclusion, but also by strictly defined algorithms and by systematic field trials during the development of the manual. The DSM-approach to diagnosis in psychiatry became of major importance for research and practice in our field. Later, ICD-9 was transformed into ICD-10 by WHO with a certain tendency to adopt the basic principles of the DSM-system. Contemporary psychiatry is completely ruled by these two schemes of operationalized diagnosis. Advantages and disadvantages of this approach to classification for patient care, research and administration as well as possible alternatives and future directions will be analyzed. Special attention is given to the question, whether psychopathology and phenomenology are still relevant as methodological elements in psychiatry, even in an era of major progress of neurobiology in the sense of natural sciences.

Conscientiousness

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua J. Jackson ◽  
Brent W. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Hierarchical Structure ◽  
Predictive Ability ◽  
Common Language ◽  
Psychological Predictors ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Hierarchical Structure ◽  
Broad Overview

Conscientiousness refers to a broad swath of constructs that reflects the propensity to be self-controlled, responsible to others, hardworking, orderly, and rule abiding. To understand why conscientiousness is one of the best psychological predictors of important outcomes (e.g., longevity; divorce), this chapter provides a broad overview of the trait. First, the Sociogenomic model of personality traits is briefly described as a means to provide a common language to discuss the status of conscientiousness. Next, the hierarchical structure of conscientiousness is described, including a description of common measures used to assess conscientiousness, as well as constructs related to conscientiousness. The development of conscientiousness is then discussed, followed by a review of the predictive ability of conscientiousness. The potential mechanisms driving the development of conscientiousness and the pathways that relate conscientiousness to important outcomes are also examined.

ON THE SOCIAL FUNCTIONS OF THE VARIANTS OF THE SERBO-CROATIAN LANGUAGE

2021 ◽  
pp. 85-116
Author(s):  
Maria A. Egorova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Common Language ◽  
Symbolic Language ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
Free Communication ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 19Th Century

The issue of the status of languages that emerged on the basis of the Serbo-Croatian language after the collapse of Yugoslavia remains relevant until now. The standard Serbo-Croatian language arose in the 19th century as a common language of Serbs, Croats, Bosnians and Montenegrins and existed in two main variants, “western” and “eastern”, from the very outset. These variants were close enough to maintain free communication, and at the same time, each variant had symbolic significance as a marker of the corresponding ethnic group. This article provides an outline of the history of the Serbo-Croatian language from its origin to the collapse of Yugoslavia in the light of two social functions of the language, communicative (language as a means of exchanging information) and symbolic (language as a symbol of national identity).

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