scholarly journals Influence of Pholiota spp. (Strophariaceae, Basidiomycote) mycelial biomass on seed germination and seedlings growth of Lepidum sativum L. and Cucumis sativus L.

2021 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
L. Regeda ◽  
N. Bisko ◽  
G. Al-Maali
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Cucumis Sativus ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Lepidium Sativum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Mycelial Biomass ◽  
Cucumis Sativus L ◽  
Growth Ratio

Basidiomycetes represent a very diverse group of eukaryotic organisms in terms physiological parameters. Some organisms such as plants or fungi release certain secondary metabolites, which can affect the organisms around them. Some of the substances released by mushrooms could have effects on the growth and further development of nearby plants. Studies of fungi and their biologically active components have grown significantly, with the aim of potential introduction to various biotechnological processes.The allelopathic effect of Pholiota species has been investigated in this study. Mycelial biomass of seven screened Pholiota species were tested to study cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) and lettuce (Lepidium sativum L.) seed germination and the sprouting growth. The results of our experiment showed that the biomass of the species of the genus Pholiota did not affect the germination of seeds of both plant species. 100% seed germination was recorded in both control and experimental samples. The addition of mycelial biomass of the Pholiota species led to a suppressive allelopathic effect, which affects seed germination, the length of the studied plant (both shoots and roots), as well as changes the morphology of the roots (pubescence, changes in lateral roots). The inhibitory effect on sprouting length was 8,6%-87,1% in the case of C. sativus and 42,2%-91,8% if specify for L. sativum in depence on Pholiota species. Allelopathic properties of Pholiota subochracea, where sprouting growth ratio did not exceed 12.9%, compared to the control group, should be noted. This result suggests that Pholiota mushrooms have a significant regulatory effect on lettuce and cucumber sprouting growth. The given results suggest that the studied species may play a significant role in relationships within ecosystems.

scholarly journals Acute toxicity of experimental fertilizers made of blood meal, spent coffee ground and biomass ash

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Ciesielczuk ◽  
Czesława Rosik-Dulewska ◽  
Joanna Poluszyńska ◽  
Irena Sławińska
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Cucumis Sativus ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Blood Meal ◽  
Lepidium Sativum ◽  
Toxicity Tests ◽  
Cucumis Sativus L ◽  
Spent Coffee Ground ◽  
Coffee Ground ◽  
Lepidium Sativum L

Abstract The study presents the results of research on the acute toxicity of a fertilizer formulas made of spent coffee ground (SCG) with addition of ash from low-temperature combustion of biomass or ash with an admixture of magnesium sulphate and blood meal. The experimental fertilizer formulas included also rape oil used as a plasticizer for controlling the nutrients release from the fertiliser. Mustard (Sinapis alba L.), oats (Avena sativa sp. L.), cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) and cress (Lepidium sativum L.) were used as test plants species in the experiment. The toxicity tests were performed using a standard procedure of 72 h with the use of Phytotoxkit microbiotest and fertilizer application of 2.5; 5 and 10% (v/v). The obtained results indicated an increase of acute toxicity for all tested plant species, proportionally to the applied doses of the fertilizer. During the 72 h period, the strongest inhibition of seedling growth was recorded in samples consisting of 10% of the tested fertilizers, particularly when they showed considerable level of salinity or low pH values. From the tested plant species, cress (Lepidium sativum L.) turned out to be the most sensitive to the applied fertilizers, the least was cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) for which only a small inhibition of root system growth was observed. The inhibited growth of roots could be attributed to a reduced oxygen access and excessive salinity of the substratum caused by the applied additives.

scholarly journals 684 PB 224 GERMINATION AND SEEDLING GROWTH OF CUCUMBERS IN IMMATURE BIOSOLIDS-YARD TRIMMING COMPOST

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 530g-530
Author(s):  
Nancy E. Roe ◽  
Peter J. Stoffella
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Cucumis Sativus ◽  
Crop Damage ◽  
Field Soil ◽  
Cucumis Sativus L ◽  
Rapid Production ◽  
Compost Application ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Germination And Growth ◽  
Field Plots

Rapid production of compost often results in crop damage by phytotoxic compounds or high C/N ratios in immature (uncured) compost. The influence of immature biosolids-yard trimmings compost on germination and growth of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) was evaluated. Germination percentages of cucumbers seeded in equal parts (v/v) of compost and vermiculite were similar to those in vermiculite. When screened compost was placed in flats and compared with flats of potting mix or sandy field soil, germination percentages were 98, 96, and 89 for mix, sand, and compost respectively. Germination in compost-amended field plots was higher than in soil when cucumbers were planted 1, 2 or 10 weeks after compost application, but similar in 3 and 5 week plantings. Use of this immature compost increased, decreased, or did not affect cucumber seed germination, depending on media and growing conditions.

scholarly journals Allelopathic effect of microalgae on winter wheat plants

Algologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-227
Author(s):  
P.M. Tsarenko ◽  
◽  
N.V. Zaimenko ◽  
N.P. Didyk ◽  
B.O. Ivanytska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Functional Organization ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
Positive Effect

The results of the study of the allelopathic activity of the culture medium of two species of green and charophyte microalgae (Chlorella vulgaris Beijer. and Interfillum terricola (J.B.Petersen) Mikhailyuk et al.) to winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in model pot experiments with the aim to discover of physiological mechanisms of allelopathy and finding effective and safe compounds with growth-promoting effects. The microalgae culture medium was applied in a rate of 1; 3 and 10 mL per a pot (250 mL) filled with sifted and sterilized gray podzolic soil, before sowing wheat seeds. Test plants were grown in a phytochamber under controlled conditions of light intensity, temperature and soil moisture. The number of germinated seeds was recorded from the 2nd to the 8th day after sowing. The vitality of winter wheat was evaluated at the end of the experiments using morphometric characteristics of growth (height of aboveground parts, leaf surface area, length of root system, number of lateral roots; dry matter mass of aboveground parts and roots) and content of photosynthetic pigments in leaves. At the end of the experiment, the indicators of electrical conductivity, redox potential, pH and content of nutrients in the soil were determined. The positive effect of microalgae on seed germination, growth and photosynthetic apparatus of T. aestivum plants was established. Culture medium of C. vulgaris showed a higher stimulating effect on seed germination and growth of wheat seedlings than I. terricola. The positive effect of microalgae on the photosynthetic activity of wheat and the content of organic carbon in the soil indicates the possibility of developing of biofertilizers based on them in order to improve the structural and functional organization of agroecosystems. The obtained results confirmed the prospects of C. vulgaris as a biofertilizer in crops. The allelopathic effect of I. terricola on vascular plants has been studied for the first time. The important role of indirect allelopathic mechanisms in the interactions between the studied species of microalgae and vascular plants has been established.

Alleviation of salt stress-induced inhibition of seed germination in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) by ethylene and glutamate

2010 ◽  
Vol 167 (14) ◽  
pp. 1152-1156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenshuo Chang ◽  
Baolan Wang ◽  
Lei Shi ◽  
Yinxin Li ◽  
Lian Duo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Cucumis Sativus ◽  
Cucumis Sativus L

The effect of hydrophilic gel from the second layer of Tingui (Magonia pubescens St. Hil.) seeds on germination and early development of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)

2012 ◽  
Vol 34 (82) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matheus Couto Alves ◽  
Antonio Zenon Antunes Teixeira
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Cucumis Sativus ◽  
Early Development ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Cucumis Sativus L ◽  
Scheffe Test ◽  
Seed Growth ◽  
Allelopathic Effects ◽  
Hydrophilic Gel

Some plant species from Cerrado were considered to have allelopathic effects. Allelopathy means the chemical competitionbetween plants wich can benefit or harm another plant. The objective of this study was to determine the effect ofhydrophilic gel from the second layer of Magonia pubescens St. Hil. seeds (a high plant, known as Tingui, that grows inthe areas of Cerrado) on germination and early development of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). The cucumber seeds weretreated with a mixture of sand and powder of Tingui in different proportions of 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%. The sand waspreviously washed with tap water, then with distilled water and, after that, it was dried in an oven at 100 ºC for 5 hours.The seeds were planted in 50 ml polystyerenes cups and moistened with water daily. To check possible changes from theprocess, a batch of seed were tested under the same conditions without the Tingui powder (only with sand). The parametersof this study were to measure the seed germination and plant development. The growth period was seven days, under± 30 ºC, and 12 hours photoperiod. The overall data were analyzed using ANOVA and Scheffe test, at 5% significancelevel. From the results, we concluded that there were no differences in the percentage of seed germination for all treatments,except the treatment of 100%. As for the germination average time and the seed growth, there were no significantdifferences between the treatment of 25% and the control, but the effects were more effective at higher concentrations.

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