scholarly journals Allelopathic effect of microalgae on winter wheat plants

Algologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-227
Author(s):  
P.M. Tsarenko ◽  
◽  
N.V. Zaimenko ◽  
N.P. Didyk ◽  
B.O. Ivanytska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Functional Organization ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
Positive Effect

The results of the study of the allelopathic activity of the culture medium of two species of green and charophyte microalgae (Chlorella vulgaris Beijer. and Interfillum terricola (J.B.Petersen) Mikhailyuk et al.) to winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in model pot experiments with the aim to discover of physiological mechanisms of allelopathy and finding effective and safe compounds with growth-promoting effects. The microalgae culture medium was applied in a rate of 1; 3 and 10 mL per a pot (250 mL) filled with sifted and sterilized gray podzolic soil, before sowing wheat seeds. Test plants were grown in a phytochamber under controlled conditions of light intensity, temperature and soil moisture. The number of germinated seeds was recorded from the 2nd to the 8th day after sowing. The vitality of winter wheat was evaluated at the end of the experiments using morphometric characteristics of growth (height of aboveground parts, leaf surface area, length of root system, number of lateral roots; dry matter mass of aboveground parts and roots) and content of photosynthetic pigments in leaves. At the end of the experiment, the indicators of electrical conductivity, redox potential, pH and content of nutrients in the soil were determined. The positive effect of microalgae on seed germination, growth and photosynthetic apparatus of T. aestivum plants was established. Culture medium of C. vulgaris showed a higher stimulating effect on seed germination and growth of wheat seedlings than I. terricola. The positive effect of microalgae on the photosynthetic activity of wheat and the content of organic carbon in the soil indicates the possibility of developing of biofertilizers based on them in order to improve the structural and functional organization of agroecosystems. The obtained results confirmed the prospects of C. vulgaris as a biofertilizer in crops. The allelopathic effect of I. terricola on vascular plants has been studied for the first time. The important role of indirect allelopathic mechanisms in the interactions between the studied species of microalgae and vascular plants has been established.

scholarly journals The effect of nanoparticles of biogenic metal oxides on seed germination capability, photosynthetic pigment content, activities of PS II and superoxide dismutase in wheat seedlings

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 59-62
Author(s):  
F. I. Gasimova ◽  
M. A. Khanishova ◽  
K. R. Taghiyeva ◽  
I. V. Azizov
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigment ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
Ps Ii ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigment Content ◽  
Enzyme Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Growth Of Seedlings

Aim. The effect of nanoparticles of copper, titanium, iron and aluminum oxides on the germination energy, germination capability, growth and development, the content of photosynthetic pigments, the activity of photosystems and superoxide dismutase of wheat seedlings was studied. Methods. The objects of the research were bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L) seedlings. The seeds of the experimental plants were treated with powders of nanoparticles of СuO, Fe2O3, ZnO, Al2O3, and TiO2, then sown in Petri dishes and in the pots with soil. Results. Nanoparticles were found to express various effects: СuO, and Al2O3 decreased the growth of seedlings, whereas TiO2, ZnO and Fe2O3 accelerating the growth of seedlings had a positive effect on the activities of PSII and superoxide dismutase. Conclusions. Nanoparticles of TiO2, ZnO and Fe2O3 had a positive effect on seed germination and accelerated the growth of wheat seedlings. Nanoparticles of ZnO and Fe2O3 also positively influenced on the activity of PS II, and the activity of the antioxidant enzyme-superoxide dismutase also increased. Keywords: wheat, nanoparticles, germination, growth of seedlings, PS II, superoxide dismutase.

scholarly journals Effect of Thiosemicarbazone Derivatives and Fusarium culmorum (Wm.G. Sm.) Sacc. Infection of Winter Wheat Seedlings on Their Health Status and Soil Biological Activity

Agronomy ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Jamiołkowska ◽  
Barbara Skwaryło-Bednarz ◽  
Elżbieta Mielniczuk ◽  
Franco Bisceglie ◽  
Giorgio Pelosi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Fusarium Culmorum ◽  
Infectious Agent ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
Soil Biological Activity ◽  
Positive Effect

Climate change has an impact on agricultural production, including the greater persistence of plant pathogens in the environment. Therefore, the question arises as to how to effectively and safely protect plants by using chemicals, the number of which is decreasing each year. The aim of this study was to evaluate the fungistatic effect of 2 acetylthiophenethiosemicarbazone (2actpTS) and Cis-jasmonethiosemicarbazone (JTS) against Fusarium culmorum (Fc) on winter wheat seedlings. The influence of thiosemicarbazones (TSs) on the health status and phytotoxicity of seedlings and soil biological activity was investigated. Before TSs application (watering or spraying), soil was infected with F. culmorum (strain No. 37). The substance type and method of its application significantly influenced only the fresh weight of the seedlings. The varying phytotoxicity of the molecules depended primarily on their application method to the plants. The highest seedling phytotoxicity was recorded when compounds were applied during watering and the lowest when they were sprayed. The results showed that the application of substances 2actpTS and JTS, both in the form of watering and spraying, had a positive effect on plant health status, as expressed by the disease index (DI) value. The presence of the infectious agent and the type of chemical compound increased soil enzyme activity. The highest total number of bacteria was found in the soil that was infected with Fc and in soil samples where JTS was applied by watering and spraying. The highest utilization of amines, amides and amino acids by microorganisms was found in the samples where JTS was applied. The obtained results will be used to create intermediate products for the protection of cereals against Fusarium diseases, not only at the stage of germination and tillage of plants, but also at subsequent developmental stages.

scholarly journals Estimation of genotypic features of effects of plant treatment with growth regulators on canopy parameters and yield of winter wheat

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 105-110
Author(s):  
G. A. Priadkina ◽  
O.O. Stasik ◽  
N.M. Makharinska ◽  
I.P. Kondratskaya
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽  
Varietal Differences ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Photosynthetic Potential ◽  
Chlorophyll Index ◽  
Positive Effect

Aim. A study of the effects of growth regulators derived from natural raw materials on the photosynthetic apparatus surface and the yield of winter wheat. Methods. Morphometric, spectrophotometric, statistical. Results. An increase in the value of canopy chlorophyll index (ChlI) of Smuhlianka and Astarta varieties under the treatment of plants with Stimpo growth stimulator was established at anthesis, a positive effect of the regulator Regoplant – only for Smuhlianka variety at milk-wax ripeness. Chlorophyll photosynthetic potential (ChlP) during the period anthesis – milk-wax ripeness increased significantly under the use of growth regulators in both varieties, while the efficiency of treatments had varietal differences: growth was greater (11–18% compared to control) in the variety Smuhlianka than in the variety Astarta (6–7%). A positive correlation was established between the yield and ChlP during the period anthesis – milk-wax ripeness. Under the action of treatment of plants with growth regulators, the increase in grain yield was significant (0.29–0.45 t/ha) only in the variety Smuhlianka. Conclusions. The positive effect of treatments of plants with growth regulators, obtained from natural raw materials, on the value of canopy ChlI at anthesis and ChlP during period anthesis – milk-wax ripeness was established. A positive correlation between the winter wheat yield and ChlP during the period anthesis – milk-wax ripeness was found. Varietal differences in the effect of growth regulators treatment of plants on ChlP and yield were found. Keywords: Triticum aestivum L., grain productivity, chlorophyll index, chlorophyll photosynthetic potential, growth regulator.

scholarly journals Influence of Pholiota spp. (Strophariaceae, Basidiomycote) mycelial biomass on seed germination and seedlings growth of Lepidum sativum L. and Cucumis sativus L.

2021 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
L. Regeda ◽  
N. Bisko ◽  
G. Al-Maali
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Cucumis Sativus ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Lepidium Sativum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Mycelial Biomass ◽  
Cucumis Sativus L ◽  
Growth Ratio

Basidiomycetes represent a very diverse group of eukaryotic organisms in terms physiological parameters. Some organisms such as plants or fungi release certain secondary metabolites, which can affect the organisms around them. Some of the substances released by mushrooms could have effects on the growth and further development of nearby plants. Studies of fungi and their biologically active components have grown significantly, with the aim of potential introduction to various biotechnological processes.The allelopathic effect of Pholiota species has been investigated in this study. Mycelial biomass of seven screened Pholiota species were tested to study cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) and lettuce (Lepidium sativum L.) seed germination and the sprouting growth. The results of our experiment showed that the biomass of the species of the genus Pholiota did not affect the germination of seeds of both plant species. 100% seed germination was recorded in both control and experimental samples. The addition of mycelial biomass of the Pholiota species led to a suppressive allelopathic effect, which affects seed germination, the length of the studied plant (both shoots and roots), as well as changes the morphology of the roots (pubescence, changes in lateral roots). The inhibitory effect on sprouting length was 8,6%-87,1% in the case of C. sativus and 42,2%-91,8% if specify for L. sativum in depence on Pholiota species. Allelopathic properties of Pholiota subochracea, where sprouting growth ratio did not exceed 12.9%, compared to the control group, should be noted. This result suggests that Pholiota mushrooms have a significant regulatory effect on lettuce and cucumber sprouting growth. The given results suggest that the studied species may play a significant role in relationships within ecosystems.

Allelopathic effect of cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) on seed germination of three weeds

Planta Medica ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 77 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Soleymanifard ◽  
R Naseri ◽  
A Mirzaei ◽  
H Naserirad
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Cuminum Cyminum

Lectin activity of winter wheat seedlings affected by eyespot causal agent under the action of Bacillus subtilis 537/Б1 bacterial isolates

2018 ◽  
Vol 96 (10) ◽  
pp. 27-34
Author(s):  
M. Musiienko ◽  
L. Batsmanova ◽  
Ju. Pys'menna ◽  
T. Kondratiuk ◽  
N. Taran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Causal Agent ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Lectin Activity ◽  
Wheat Seedlings

Allelopathic effect of potato on Orabanche aegyptiaca Pers seed germination

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 333
Author(s):  
Zhong WANG ◽  
YongQing MA ◽  
JinNan JIA ◽  
ShuQi DONG ◽  
XiaoXin YE
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Allelopathic Effect

Changes in the Stoichiometry of Photosystem II Components as an Adaptive Response to High-Light and Low-Light Conditions during Growth

1986 ◽  
Vol 41 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 597-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aloysius Wild ◽  
Matthias Höpfner ◽  
Wolfgang Rühle ◽  
Michael Richter
Keyword(s):  
Photosystem Ii ◽  
Functional Organization ◽  
Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽  
High Light ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Light Conditions ◽  
Low Light ◽  
Pigment System ◽  
Transport Chain ◽  
The One

The effect of different growth light intensities (60 W·m-2, 6 W·m-2) on the performance of the photosynthetic apparatus of mustard plants (Sinapis alba L.) was studied. A distinct decrease in photosystem II content per chlorophyll under low-light conditions compared to high-light conditions was found. For P-680 as well as for Oᴀ and Oв protein the molar ratio between high-light and low-light plants was 1.4 whereas the respective concentrations per chlorophyll showed some variations for P-680 and Oᴀ on the one and Oв protein on the other hand.In addition to the study of photosystem II components, the concentrations of PQ, Cyt f, and P-700 were measured. The light regime during growth had no effect on the amount of P-700 per chlorophyll but there were large differences with respect to PQ and Cyt f. The molar ratio for Cyt f and PQ between high- and low-light leaves was 2.2 and 1.9, respectively.Two models are proposed, showing the functional organization of the pigment system and the electron transport chain in thylakoids of high-light and low-light leaves of mustard plants.

Detrital subsidy alters the soil invertebrate community and reduces infection of winter wheat seedlings by Fusarium wilt

2021 ◽  
Vol 163 ◽  
pp. 103914
Author(s):  
Anton A. Goncharov ◽  
Anastasia A. Glebova ◽  
Timofey I. Chernov ◽  
Mikhail M. Karpukhin ◽  
Natalia A. Kuznetsova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Soil Invertebrate ◽  
Invertebrate Community ◽  
Wheat Seedlings

Genotoxicity of triasulfuron in the wing spot test of Drosophila melanogaster is modulated by winter wheat seedlings

2008 ◽  
Vol 653 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 70-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Eugenia Heres-Pulido ◽  
Samantha Lombera-Hernández ◽  
Irma Dueñas-García ◽  
Ivonne Perales-Canales ◽  
Laura Castañeda-Partida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Spot Test ◽  
Wheat Seedlings
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