scholarly journals Acute toxicity of experimental fertilizers made of blood meal, spent coffee ground and biomass ash

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Ciesielczuk ◽  
Czesława Rosik-Dulewska ◽  
Joanna Poluszyńska ◽  
Irena Sławińska
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Cucumis Sativus ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Blood Meal ◽  
Lepidium Sativum ◽  
Toxicity Tests ◽  
Cucumis Sativus L ◽  
Spent Coffee Ground ◽  
Coffee Ground ◽  
Lepidium Sativum L

Abstract The study presents the results of research on the acute toxicity of a fertilizer formulas made of spent coffee ground (SCG) with addition of ash from low-temperature combustion of biomass or ash with an admixture of magnesium sulphate and blood meal. The experimental fertilizer formulas included also rape oil used as a plasticizer for controlling the nutrients release from the fertiliser. Mustard (Sinapis alba L.), oats (Avena sativa sp. L.), cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) and cress (Lepidium sativum L.) were used as test plants species in the experiment. The toxicity tests were performed using a standard procedure of 72 h with the use of Phytotoxkit microbiotest and fertilizer application of 2.5; 5 and 10% (v/v). The obtained results indicated an increase of acute toxicity for all tested plant species, proportionally to the applied doses of the fertilizer. During the 72 h period, the strongest inhibition of seedling growth was recorded in samples consisting of 10% of the tested fertilizers, particularly when they showed considerable level of salinity or low pH values. From the tested plant species, cress (Lepidium sativum L.) turned out to be the most sensitive to the applied fertilizers, the least was cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) for which only a small inhibition of root system growth was observed. The inhibited growth of roots could be attributed to a reduced oxygen access and excessive salinity of the substratum caused by the applied additives.

scholarly journals Assessing the Ecotoxicity of Soil Affected by Wildfire

Environments ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Petra Martínez Barroso ◽  
Magdalena Daria Vaverková ◽  
Jakub Elbl
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Pot Experiment ◽  
Lepidium Sativum ◽  
Toxicity Tests ◽  
Soil Reclamation ◽  
Phytotoxicity Test ◽  
Burnt Soil ◽  
Biomass Yields ◽  
Experiment Duration ◽  
Lepidium Sativum L

This study was carried out to assess the ecotoxicity of soil affected by wildfire using two laboratory toxicity tests, and to investigate the possibility of application of selected soil amendment into the burnt soil in order to improve its properties for faster post-fire reclamation. A phytotoxicity test is a fast-indicative test for revealing acute toxicity and was performed on quickly growing plant species Sinapis alba L. and Lepidium sativum L., while a pot experiment is a standardized toxicity test with a longer experiment duration and was carried out with Lolium perenne L., Festuca rubra L., Brassica juncea L. Diatomite, bentonite, compost, and biochar were supplemented to the soil. Regarding the phytotoxicity test only 3% w/w of biochar stimulated the growth of Lepidium sativum L. Pot experiment confirmed that effect of soil application amendments on biomass yield is more significant than the plant species. The average highest biomass yields were achieved in treatments with bentonite and diatomite. Subsequent research should focus on investigating possible combinations of soil amendments for burnt soil reclamation and complementing the experiments with chemical analysis.

scholarly journals SELECTION OF MICROORGANISMS ASSOCIATIVE TO VEGETABLE PLANTS

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 29-40
Author(s):  
T.N. Melnichuk
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Lepidium Sativum ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Botanical Species ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Selection Of Microorganisms ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Lepidium Sativum L ◽  
Associative Microorganisms

Microorganisms associative to the specific botanical species (Brassica capitata var. alba Lizg., Licopersicum esculentum Mill., Сucumis sativus L.) were isolated followed by the study of their morphological, physiology-biochemical properties and plants’ reaction on inoculation. It was shown that the quantity of isolated associative microorganisms’ isolations had depended both on the specie of macroorganism and microorganisms of soil in which the plant was formed, and had not depended on the quantity of microorganisms in the soil. These isolations had not showed the absolute specificity to the specific plant species. Some strains had promoted increase of overgrown and root weight of Lepidium sativum L. plants on 27,3 and 54,5 % correspondingly.

scholarly journals Phytotoxic Effect of Invasive Heracleum mantegazzianum Essential Oil on Dicot and Monocot Species

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Matoušková ◽  
Jana Jurová ◽  
Daniela Gruľová ◽  
Anna Wajs-Bonikowska ◽  
Marek Renčo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Alien Species ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Raphanus Sativus ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Lepidium Sativum ◽  
Heracleum Mantegazzianum ◽  
Raphanus Sativus L ◽  
Lepidium Sativum L

Spreading of the plant species in new areas is supported by the hypothesis in which chemicals produced by alien species are allopathic to native plants. A novel weapon hypothesis was tested by using essential oil of dangerous alien species Heracleum mantegazzianum in laboratory conditions. Aboveground plant material was collected in south-east part of Slovakia, dried and hydrodistilled for essential oil isolation. Dominant compounds as octyl acetate (62.6%), hexyl 2-metylbutyrate (10.7%), hexyl isobutyrate (7.5%) and hexyl butyrate (6.5%) were identified by GC-MS. Potential phytotoxic activity was tested on three dicot plant species garden cress (Lepidium sativum L.), radish (Raphanus sativus L.) and lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) and on one monocot plant species wheat Triticum aestivum L. Germination of the seeds of model plant species after influencing by different doses of essential oil of H. mantegazzianum as well as the roots length was evaluated. Lepidium sativum L. and Raphanus sativus L. were generally not sensitive to applied doses of essential oil although a little stimulation effect at some concentrations prevailed over inhibition effect. Similarly, in monocot species Triticum aestivum L., stimulation was visible in both root length and root number at two or one highest doses, respectively.

Transpiration-dependent passive silica accumulation in cucumber (Cucumis sativus) under varying soil silicon availability

Botany ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 90 (10) ◽  
pp. 1058-1064 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaji Faisal ◽  
Kristine L. Callis ◽  
Martijn Slot ◽  
Kaoru Kitajima
Keyword(s):  
Cucumis Sativus ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Passive Transport ◽  
Cucumis Sativus L ◽  
Silica Deposition ◽  
Unit Leaf ◽  
Leaf Tissues ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Active Processes

Regulation of the uptake of silicon (Si) varies among plant species; some species may passively transport Si, through transpiration, from soils to shoots, while others actively transport silica and deposit it in leaf tissues at high concentrations. Cucumber ( Cucumis sativus L.) accumulates moderate amounts of silica in leaves, but the relative importance of passive and active processes pertaining to silica accumulation is poorly understood. In a factorial experiment with cucumber seedlings, we manipulated transpiration rates by changing humidity and air movements around pot-grown plants receiving a daily supply of solutions containing 0, 1, 1.5, and 2 mmol Si·L–1. Higher transpiration rates resulted in significantly greater Si per unit leaf mass after 4 days, suggesting that passive processes affect the rate of silica accumulation. Actual silica accumulation during the 4-day period was significantly higher than the expected accumulation attributable to passive transport alone in 1 and 1.5 mmol Si·L–1 treatments, while passive processes alone could account for the actual silica accumulation at 2 mmol Si·L–1. We conclude that the relative importance of active and passive processes in silica deposition in cucumber leaves depends on transpiration rates and the balance between soil Si availability and plants’ demands for Si.

scholarly journals Toksisitas Akut Ekstrak Metanol Mentimun (Cucumis Sativus L.) Terhadap Larva Artemia Salina Leach Metode Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Khairin Akbar Putra ◽  
Indah Purwaningsih ◽  
Kuswiyanto Kuswiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Cucumis Sativus ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Early Screening ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Cucumis Sativus L ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽  
Lc50 Value

Abstract: Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L) is a plant that is widely consumed by the people. Beside due the delicious taste of it, cucumbers also contain some compounds that can be used as a drug, one of them is to prevent cancer. This plant contains Flavonoid, Saponin, and Tanin. These three compounds are the compounds which is in certain levels can be cytotoxic. Acute toxicity is an early screening test for a specifc cytotoxic potential crop for the development of anti-cancer drugs. The purpose of this research is to know the acute toxicity of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L) methanol extract to the Artemia salina Leach larvae by Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method. This research method was an experimental by using BSLT method. The test animal used was the Artemia salina Leach larvae. The method of extraction was maseration method. The results of the study can be seen from the percentage of larvae mortality for each concentration of extract, those are 0 μg / ml, 250 μg / ml, 500 μg / ml, 750 μg / ml, 1000 μg / ml are 0%, 48%, 62 %, 72%, 84% and 92%. Based on the result of probit analysis with microsoft Excel showed that LC50 value of cucumber methanol extract is 201,0165 μg /ml which means this extract have potency of acute toxicity because LC50 value <1000 μg / ml.Abstrak: Mentimun (Cucumis sativus L) adalah tanaman yang banyak dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat. Selain rasanya yang enak, mentimun juga memiliki kandungan senyawa yang dapat bermanfaat sebagai obat, salah satunya adalah untuk mencegah terjadinya kanker. Tanaman ini mengandung Flavonoid, Saponin, dan Tanin. Ketiga senyawa ini merupakan senyawa yang dengan kadar tertentu dapat bersifat sitotoksik. Toksisitas akut merupakan skrining awal untuk menguji suatu tanaman tertentu yang memiliki potensi sitotoksik untuk pengembangan obat anti kanker. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui toksisitas akut dari ekstrak metanol mentimun (Cucumis sativus L) terhadap larva Artemia salina Leach dengan metode Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT). Metode penelitian ini berbentuk eksperimental dengan menggunakan metode BSLT. Hewan uji yang digunakan adalah larva Artemia salina Leach. Metode ekstraksi yang digunakan adalah metode maserasi. Hasil penelitian dapat dilihat dari persentase kematian larva untuk setiap konsentrasi ekstrak, yaitu 0 µg/ml, 250 µg/ml, 500 µg/ml, 750 µg/ml, 1000 µg/ml secara berturut-turut adalah 0%, 48%, 62%, 72%, 84% dan 92%. Berdasarkan hasil analisis probit dengan microsoft Excel menunjukkan nilai LC50 ekstrak metanol mentimun adalah 201, 0165 µg/ml yang berarti ekstrak ini memiliki potensi toksisitas akut karena nilai LC50 < 1000 µg/ml.

scholarly journals Influence of Pholiota spp. (Strophariaceae, Basidiomycote) mycelial biomass on seed germination and seedlings growth of Lepidum sativum L. and Cucumis sativus L.

2021 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
L. Regeda ◽  
N. Bisko ◽  
G. Al-Maali
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Cucumis Sativus ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Lepidium Sativum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Mycelial Biomass ◽  
Cucumis Sativus L ◽  
Growth Ratio

Basidiomycetes represent a very diverse group of eukaryotic organisms in terms physiological parameters. Some organisms such as plants or fungi release certain secondary metabolites, which can affect the organisms around them. Some of the substances released by mushrooms could have effects on the growth and further development of nearby plants. Studies of fungi and their biologically active components have grown significantly, with the aim of potential introduction to various biotechnological processes.The allelopathic effect of Pholiota species has been investigated in this study. Mycelial biomass of seven screened Pholiota species were tested to study cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) and lettuce (Lepidium sativum L.) seed germination and the sprouting growth. The results of our experiment showed that the biomass of the species of the genus Pholiota did not affect the germination of seeds of both plant species. 100% seed germination was recorded in both control and experimental samples. The addition of mycelial biomass of the Pholiota species led to a suppressive allelopathic effect, which affects seed germination, the length of the studied plant (both shoots and roots), as well as changes the morphology of the roots (pubescence, changes in lateral roots). The inhibitory effect on sprouting length was 8,6%-87,1% in the case of C. sativus and 42,2%-91,8% if specify for L. sativum in depence on Pholiota species. Allelopathic properties of Pholiota subochracea, where sprouting growth ratio did not exceed 12.9%, compared to the control group, should be noted. This result suggests that Pholiota mushrooms have a significant regulatory effect on lettuce and cucumber sprouting growth. The given results suggest that the studied species may play a significant role in relationships within ecosystems.

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