TECHNOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO THE FORMATION OF DIGITAL IMAGES OF TERRAIN OBJECTS DURING REMOTE SENSING OF THE EARTH FROM PHOTO AND RADAR SYSTEMS

The paper is devoted to the consideration of the current state and trends in the use of simulation modeling for mathematical modeling of terrain data obtained from the processing of digital images, both from photos and radar systems of Aerospace-based aircraft. The relevance of considering the state and trends in the development of technological approaches in modeling systems is due to the practical need to obtain data from photo and radar images of objects in the system's viewing area, taking into account the growing requirements for the efficiency and accuracy of determining (detecting) images of observation objects in real time in difficult conditions. The general structure of the construction of technologies used for simulation modeling of terrain objects is given the main prospects for practical application of these technologies in solving problems of classification and monitoring of terrain objects are determined. Estimates of the main technological approaches to images of objects in the application of the considered systems and assessment of the accuracy of determining terrain coordinates are given. Channels of information transmission in the process of receiving and processing data from photo and radar systems of remote sensing of the earth are considered. Also, as an example, a chain-node model of spatial data about objects that are obtained during remote sensing of the Earth and are represented as linear and point-based. To create a geographical basis for further modeling of various telecommunications and communication systems. This will allow for more accurate development of telecommunications and communication systems based on geographical data. Take into account the closing angles when forming a cellular connection.

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Analysis of Remote Sensing based Vegetation Indices (VIs) for Unmanned Aerial System (UAS): A Review

Remote Sensing of Land ◽

10.21523/gcj1.19030202 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 58-73

Author(s):

Vijay Bhagat ◽

Ajaykumar Kada ◽

Suresh Kumar

Keyword(s):

Remote Sensing ◽

Spatial Data ◽

Satellite Remote Sensing ◽

Vegetation Indices ◽

Unmanned Aerial System ◽

Sustainable Land Management ◽

Efficient Tool ◽

Site Specific ◽

The Earth ◽

Interesting Area

Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) is an efficient tool to bridge the gap between high expensive satellite remote sensing, manned aerial surveys, and labors time consuming conventional fieldwork techniques of data collection. UAS can provide spatial data at very fine (up to a few mm) and desirable temporal resolution. Several studies have used vegetation indices (VIs) calculated from UAS based on optical- and MSS-datasets to model the parameters of biophysical units of the Earth surface. They have used different techniques of estimations, predictions and classifications. However, these results vary according to used datasets and techniques and appear very site-specific. These existing approaches aren’t optimal and applicable for all cases and need to be tested according to sensor category and different geophysical environmental conditions for global applications. UAS remote sensing is a challenging and interesting area of research for sustainable land management.

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ROLE OF REMOTE SENSING AND GIS IN FORESTRY

International Journal of Computer Science and Informatics ◽

10.47893/ijcsi.2014.1150 ◽

2014 ◽

pp. 231-235

Author(s):

MEGHA GUPTA ◽

ANKITA KHARE ◽

SRASHTI PATHAK

Keyword(s):

Remote Sensing ◽

Large Volume ◽

Spatial Data ◽

Direct Contact ◽

Remote Sensing And Gis ◽

Computer Hardware ◽

Space Technology ◽

Common People ◽

The Earth

The Earth is constantly under observation from dozens of satellites orbiting the planet and collecting data. They are engaged in something called "remote sensing”: the act of obtaining information about something without being in direct contact with it. Now-a-days the field of Remote Sensing and GIS has become exciting and glamorous with rapidly expanding opportunities. Many organizations spend large amounts of money on these fields. Here the question arises why these fields are so important in recent years. Two main reasons are there behind this. Now-a-days scientists, researchers, students, and even common people are showing great interest for better understanding of our environment. Development in complicated space technology which can provide large volume of spatial data, along with declining costs of computer hardware and software has made Remote Sensing and G.I.S. affordable to not only complex environmental/spatial situation but also affordable to an increasingly wider audience.

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Geographic Space Ontology, Locus-Object, and Spatial Data Representation Semantic Theory

Advances in Geospatial Technologies - Universal Ontology of Geographic Space ◽

10.4018/978-1-4666-0327-1.ch002 ◽

2014 ◽

pp. 28-52

Author(s):

Sébastien Gadal

Keyword(s):

Remote Sensing ◽

Spatial Data ◽

General Framework ◽

Data Representation ◽

Semantic Theory ◽

Semantic Concept ◽

Geographic Space ◽

The Earth ◽

Geographic Object

Within the general framework of the analysis of the geographic space and its ontological components by remote sensing, the author explores the ability of the morphogenetic modeling in the recognition of one major ontological and semantic concept of geography: the “locus-object.” The “locus-object” couple concept results from the interrelation formalization between the geographic locus, the geographic object, and the geo-localization notions. Geographic loci and objects are linked and both geo-localized. The links and relations between locus and object are mathematically formalized by geospatiology, the study of the logical role of space in the study of entities on the surface of the Earth. Morphogenetic modeling recognizes the loci of the geographic space by spatial discontinuities detection. The spatial discontinuities allow the identification of the types of spatial differentiations (boundaries, limits) between two geographic entities. The concept of “locus-object” is one of the key conceptual ontological elements of the geographic space.

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Parasitic Surveillance Potentialities Based on a GEO-SAR Illuminator

Remote Sensing ◽

10.3390/rs13234817 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (23) ◽

pp. 4817

Author(s):

Fabrizio Santi ◽

Giovanni Paolo Blasone ◽

Debora Pastina ◽

Fabiola Colone ◽

Pierfrancesco Lombardo

Keyword(s):

Remote Sensing ◽

Regional Scale ◽

Deformation Monitoring ◽

Synthetic Aperture ◽

Signal Source ◽

Maritime Surveillance ◽

Radar Systems ◽

The Earth ◽

Different Types ◽

Wide Availability

Synthetic aperture radar systems operating with satellites in geosynchronous orbits (GEO-SAR) can provide a permanent coverage of wide specific areas of the Earth’s surface. As well as for primary applications in remote sensing areas such as soil moisture and deformation monitoring, the wide availability of the signal emitted by a GEO-SAR on a regional scale makes it an appealing illuminator of opportunity for bistatic radars. Different types of receiving-only devices located on or near the Earth could exploit the same signal source, noticeably already conceived for radar purposes, for applications in the framework of both military and civil surveillance. This paper provides an overview of possible parasitic applications enabled by a GEO-SAR illuminator in different operative scenarios, including aerial, ground and maritime surveillance. For each selected scenario, different receiver configurations are proposed, providing an assessment of the achievable performance with discussions about the expected potentialities and challenges. This research aims at serving as a roadmap for designing parasitic systems relying on GEO-SAR signals, and also aims at extending the net of potential users interested in investing in GEO-SAR missions.

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Methods for Complexing Images Formed by Multi-Band Synthetic Aperture Radars

Journal of the Russian Universities Radioelectronics ◽

10.32603/1993-8985-2021-24-3-6-21 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 24 (3) ◽

pp. 6-21

Author(s):

A. A. Potapov ◽

V. A. Kuznetsov ◽

E. A. Alikulov

Keyword(s):

Remote Sensing ◽

Systems Approach ◽

Decomposition Analysis ◽

Synthetic Aperture ◽

Joint Processing ◽

Fractal Approach ◽

Radar Images ◽

The Earth ◽

Synthetic Aperture Radars ◽

Multi Band

Introduction. Synthetic aperture radars (SAR) are important components of aviation-based systems for remote sensing of the Earth. The current level of such systems allows simultaneous radar surveys in several frequency ranges. Such surveys require complexing of the images formed in each of the frequency channels, which task is yet to be resolved.Aim. To review the formation principles and methods for joint processing of images using space and aviation-based multi-band synthetic aperture radar systems.Materials and methods. The methodology of systems analysis, involving the integral stages of decomposition, analysis and synthesis, was used. Decomposition of integrating multi-band radar images was performed considering the effect of various factors on the characteristics of radar images in different frequency ranges. Such factors include the principles of radar imaging, issues of radar images of multi-band synthetic aperture radars with real characteristics, and complexing levels.Results. According to the classical systems approach, the results of review and analysis are corresponded by appropriate conclusions on the shortcomings of each decomposition element and the synthesis of a proposal for achieving the goal. It was shown that joint processing of multi-band radar images can be carried out at the levels of signals, pixels, features and solutions, as well as their aggregates. Each approach is characterised by its shortcomings, which impede implementation of full integration of multi-band radar images without loss of information, which is due to the absence of information redundancy of radar images, compared to, e.g., optical images.Conclusion. Recommendations on the application of a particular method and the synthesis of a system for radar complexing images based on the texture-fractal approach were formulated. Directions for further work meeting all the requirements for completeness, reliability and information content of remote sensing of the Earth were outlined.

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Sub-Pixel Processing of the Digital Images of the Remote Sensing of the Earth

2019 8th Mediterranean Conference on Embedded Computing (MECO) ◽

10.1109/meco.2019.8760047 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Dmitry V. Fetisov ◽

Alexander N. Kolesenkov ◽

Oleg A. Bodrov ◽

Tatiana A. Fetisova

Keyword(s):

Remote Sensing ◽

Digital Images ◽

The Earth

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GENERAL STRUCTURE, TYPES AND FORMATS OF DIGITAL DATA OF REMOTE SENSING OF THE EARTH

Bulletin Series of Physics & Mathematical Sciences ◽

10.51889/2020-2.1728-7901.47 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 70 (2) ◽

pp. 295-300

Author(s):

D. Shaimerdenov ◽

◽

A. Zakirova ◽

Keyword(s):

Remote Sensing ◽

Data Storage ◽

General Structure ◽

Remote Sensing Data ◽

Data Representation ◽

Digital Data ◽

Earth Remote Sensing ◽

The Earth ◽

Modern Development ◽

Indispensable Tool

Earth remote sensing technologies (ERS) are an indispensable tool for the study and continuous monitoring of our planet, helping to effectively use and manage its resources. The modern development of remote sensing technologies expands the scope of their application, covering all aspects of our lives. This article describes the main stages of the development of remote sensing technologies, provides an overview of methods for observing elements of the environment, and considers the General structure, types and formats of digital data for remote sensing of the Earth. The main characteristics of aerospace survey data are defined, methods of storing coordinate reference data and data storage formats are considered. The main methods for representing geographical data are given, and the important qualities of each type of remote sensing data representation are described. The analysis of integration types to represent geographic data and identified the principal benefits of an integrated data view ERS.

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