scholarly journals A rare case of hemorrhagic mineralising angiopathy after trivial head trauma

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yareeda Sireesha ◽  
Niloufer Ali ◽  
Mathukumalli Neeharika ◽  
Meena Angamattu Kanikannan
Keyword(s):  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Head Trauma ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽  
Brain Parenchyma ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Acute Trauma ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Current Report

:Infarction of the basal ganglia after minor head injury �is a� well described entity .�Mineralising angiopathy� is a term to describe mineralisation along� the lenticulostriate vessels that predisposes infants to stroke,even after trivial head injury.(1)The prognosis in these children is excellent.The supratentorial compartment is relatively mobile in comparision to the fixed infratentorial compartment �offering greater shearing forces between the perforating vessels and the brain parenchyma following �an acute trauma.(2)The acute angulation of the lenticulostriate perforators is further responsible for its propensity of the basal ganglia for the insult.(3) The current report is unique as it presents a young boy with hemorrhagic stroke in the�� basal ganglia after a trivial trauma and �imaging findings suggestive of mineralising angiopathy

scholarly journals Primary Cranial Vault Lymphoma Extending between Subcutaneous Tissue and Brain Parenchyma without Skull Destruction after Mild Head Trauma: A Case Report and Literature Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 1118-1123
Author(s):  
Kengo Setta ◽  
Takaaki Beppu ◽  
Yuichi Sato ◽  
Hiroaki Saura ◽  
Junichi Nomura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Head Trauma ◽  
Dura Mater ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissue ◽  
Bone Destruction ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Brain Parenchyma ◽  
Skin Tumor ◽  
Cranial Vault ◽  
The Brain

Malignant lymphoma of the head rarely arises outside of the brain parenchyma as primary cranial vault lymphoma (PCVL). A case of PCVL that invaded from subcutaneous tissue into the brain, passing through the skull, and occurred after mild head trauma is reported along with a review of the literature. The patient was a 75-year-old man with decreased activity. One month before his visit to our hospital, he bruised the left frontal area of his head. Magnetic resonance imaging showed homogeneously enhanced tumors with contrast media in the subcutaneous tissue corresponding to the head impact area and the cerebral parenchyma, but no obvious abnormal findings in the skull. A biopsy with craniotomy was performed under general anesthesia. The pathological diagnosis was diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. On histological examination, tumor cells grew aggressively under the skin. Tumor cells invaded along the emissary vein into the external table without remarkable bone destruction and extended across the skull through the Haversian canals in the diploe. Tumor cells were found only at the perivascular areas in the dura mater and extended into the brain parenchyma. Considering the history of head trauma and the neuroimaging and histological findings, the PCVL in the present case arose primarily under the skin, passed though the skull and dura mater, and invaded along vessels and reached the brain.

scholarly journals Multiple Parenchymal Neurocysticercosis: A Case Report

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
I KC ◽  
KJ Rana ◽  
R Joshi ◽  
A Mandal ◽  
S Bhhatarai
Keyword(s):  
Rare Case ◽  
Taenia Solium ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Brain Parenchyma ◽  
Larval Form ◽  
Cns Involvement ◽  
Huge Number ◽  
Adult Tapeworm ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Multiple Cysts

Cysticercosis is a parasitic infection with CNS involvement in 60-90% of infested patients. The larval form of pork intestinal tapeworm (Taenia solium) is responsible for cysticercosis. Humans are the definitive hosts and usually harbor the adult tapeworm in small intestine as an asymptomatic infestation. Neurocysticercosis most commonly affects the brain parenchyma. Solitary and multiple cysts in brain parencyma is common but we came across a 24 year old lady patient with huge number of cysts which is relatively rare. The aim of this article is to report the rare case. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/mjsbh.v10i1.6450 Medical Journal of Shree Birendra Hospital Jan-June 2011 10(1) 44-45

scholarly journals Isolated Extrapontine Myelinolysis of Osmotic Demyelination Syndrome

2013 ◽  
Vol 114 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-38
Author(s):  
Ömer Yılmaz ◽  
H. H. Armağn ◽  
A. Turan ◽  
M. Duymuş
Keyword(s):  
Serum Sodium ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Sodium Concentration ◽  
Osmotic Demyelination Syndrome ◽  
Osmotic Demyelination ◽  
Extracellular Compartment ◽  
Rapid Changes ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Current Report ◽  
Rapid Correction

The osmotic demyelination syndrome (ODS) has been identified as a complication of the rapid correction of hyponatremia for decades (King and Rosner, 2010). However, in recent years, a variety of other medical conditions have been associated with the development of ODS, independent of changes in serum sodium which cause a rapid changes in osmolality of the interstitial (extracellular) compartment of the brain leading to dehydration of energy-depleted cells with subsequent axonal damage that occurs in characteristic areas (King and Rosner, 2010). Slow correction of the serum sodium concentration and additional administration of corticosteroids seems to be a major prevention step in ODS patients. In the current report we aimed to share a rare case which we observed in our clinic.

Multidetector Computed Tomography (MDCT) Evaluation of Traumatic Brain Injury in Head Trauma Patients in Tertiary Hospital of Eastern Region of Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1352-1357
Author(s):  
Ajay Kumar Yadav ◽  
Binit Dev ◽  
Sushil Taparia ◽  
Parvez Kumar ◽  
Rakesh Mandal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Head Trauma ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Intracranial Lesions ◽  
History Of

Introduction: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) in patients with head trauma is common cause for emergency visits to hospital affecting all age groups. It is one of important leading cause of death and disability worldwide besides leading to neurological disease burden. Noncontrast enhanced Multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) is imaging modality of choice for detection of various intracranial lesions. Objectives: This study was done to analyse various imaging findings on MDCT in traumatic head injury patients along with association of CT findings with clinical manifestation and mechanism of injury. Methodology: In this ethically approved prospective study, CT scan was done in 224 consecutive patients with head injury from November 2020 to February 2021. The various imaging findings seen in CT scan were documented in proforma. The data collected was analyzed with appropriate statistical test and statistical significance was calculated. Results: Total of 224 patients with diagnosis of head injury were included in the study. The male to female ratio was 2.86 and most common age group involved was between 20-40years (41.1%). The most common mode of injury was road traffic accidents (57.6%) and most of the patients presented with history of altered sensorium (35.7%). About 47.3% patients showed abnormal findings on CT scan with scalp lesion was most common findings (82%) followed by skull fractures (54.7%) and cerebral contusions (43.4%). Patients with history of RTA had more abnormal CT scan (62%) than fall injury and physical assault. Statistically significant association seen between CT scan findings with Glasgow Coma Scale and RTA (P<0.05). Conclusion: The present study showed well documented role of CT scan in diagnosis of TBI besides detection of spectrum of intracranial lesions in patients with head trauma. Road traffic accident is most common mode of head injury with most of the victims are young middle age active male. 

Experimental study of high-resolution ultrasound imaging of hemorrhage, bone fragments, and foreign bodies in head trauma

1981 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 304-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dieter R. Enzmann ◽  
Richard H. Britt ◽  
Bernie Lyons ◽  
T. L. Buxton ◽  
D. A. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Intracerebral Hemorrhage ◽  
Head Trauma ◽  
Foreign Bodies ◽  
Intraoperative Imaging ◽  
Ultrasound Image ◽  
Brain Parenchyma ◽  
Content Type ◽  
High Resolution Ultrasonography ◽  
The Brain

✓ The accuracy of high-resolution ultrasound scans in detecting foreign bodies and hemorrhage within the brain was evaluated by comparison with computerized tomography (CT) scans and gross pathology. The test lesions were blood and foreign bodies consisting of bone, wood, and metal placed in the brain of an experimental animal. High-resolution ultrasound scans (10 MHz) performed in coronal and sagittal planes accurately delineated the position and spatial orientation of these foreign bodies and hemorrhage. Both hemorrhage and foreign bodies were echogenic compared to normal, hypoechoic brain parenchyma. Metal fragments had a highly characteristic echo pattern caused by sound reverberation within the object. Acute intracerebral hemorrhage produced an ultrasound image consisting of sharply circumscribed homogeneous echoes. The sonographic shape of intracerebral hemorrhage correlated closely with the area of increased density seen on the CT scan. High-resolution ultrasonography accurately delineated experimentally produced components of head trauma and may prove useful as an intraoperative imaging technique to facilitate surgery in head-injured patients.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF BASTI AND NASYA IN HEMORRHAGIC STROKE SPECIFICALLY ON BARTHEL INDEX, GRIP POWER AND NIH STROKE SCALE: A PILOT STUDY

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 33-36
Author(s):  
Jui V Gundo ◽  
Ashish A Thatere ◽  
Vaishali K Gajbhiye ◽  
Shweta P Deolekar ◽  
Prakash R Kabra
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Mass Effect ◽  
Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽  
Brain Parenchyma ◽  
Full Paper ◽  
Ayurvedic Treatment ◽  
The Brain

Cerebrovascular diseases include some of the most common and devastating disorders; ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke. Intracranial hemorrhage usually results from rupture of blood vessel within the brain parenchyma but may also occur in patients with subarachnoid haemorrhage, if the artery ruptures into the brain substance as well as into the subarachnoid space. It produces neurological symptoms by producing mass effect on neural structures, from the toxic effects of blood itself or by increasing intracranial pressure. According to Ayurved hemorrhagic stroke can be linked with Urdhva Raktapitta. Chikitsa of Urdhva Raktapitta was Virechana and Adho Raktapitta was Vamana as stated by Charak. So initial management was planned to stabilize Prakupit Dosha and hence Basti and Nasya were selected in these 5 patients of pilot study. Observations and results obtained were encouraging and assessed on different parameters which are presented in full paper. The patients of acute hemorrhagic stroke (not less than 1yr) were selected on the basis of CT/ MRI of brain and sign- symptoms of stroke. Observation and results are mention by applying appropriate statistical tests. Clinically encouraging results were observed on signs and symptoms. Statistically significant results were observed on parameters. These results are presented in full paper in details. Combination of this Ayurvedic treatment can be helpful in treating the cases of hemorrhagic stroke however the study on the larger compound will be helpful to validate its effect on hemorrhagic stroke.

scholarly journals Multifocal Primary Central Nervous System (CNS) Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) in a Patient with Aquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)

2021 ◽  
Vol 156 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S90-S90
Author(s):  
H Khokhar ◽  
K Wang ◽  
D Luis
Keyword(s):  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Brain Parenchyma ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Cerebellar Hemisphere ◽  
Temporal Region ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
The Brain

Abstract Introduction/Objective Primary CNS DLBCL is a rare entity, with an incidence of less than 0.47 per 100,000, however, in immunocompromised patients, especially those with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV-1) infection, the incidence increases dramatically to 2-6 percent. Here we present a case of multifocal DLBCL in a young 28-year-old homeless male with untreated AIDS and polysubstance abuse. Methods/Case Report He presented to the hospital with altered state of consciousness; a Computerized Tomography (CT) scan showed three ring-enhancing masses; one in the left fronto-temporal region, the largest in the left basal ganglia and the third in the cerebellum. The main lesion was biopsied and diagnosed as DLBCL. The patient developed aspiration pneumonia and demised from respiratory failure Results (if a Case Study enter NA) NA Conclusion Coronal sections of the brain revealed a large grey-tan, soft lesion of poorly defined, irregular borders located in the left basal ganglia that measured 5 x 4 x 4 cm, extended dorsally and laterally. A similar lesion was observed in the deep left cerebral hemisphere, affecting the temporal lobe and extending rostrally into the frontal lobe, but completely separate from the tumor in the basal ganglia. A third, much smaller lesion was found in the right cerebellar hemisphere. Histologically, the tumor was composed of sheets of atypical lymphoid cells with increased nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio, increased mitotic activity, and showed scattered areas of necrosis. In the peripheral areas, tumor cells were located in the Virchow Robin space, and in more central areas they have broken into the brain parenchyma. Tumor cells were positive for CD20 and CD79a, indicating their B-cell origin. Other markers positive by immunohistochemistry were PAX5, MUM1 and BCL6 and the Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) latent membrane protein (LMP). Fluorescence In situ hybridization (FISH) corroborated the presence of Eptein-Barr encoded RNAs.

Spontaneous Intraparenchymal Tension Pneumocephalus

2020 ◽  
Vol 81 (06) ◽  
pp. 575-578
Author(s):  
Hyukjoon Seo ◽  
Sang Hoon Kim ◽  
Jiwook Ryu ◽  
Sung Ho Lee
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Subarachnoid Space ◽  
Frontal Sinus ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Brain Parenchyma ◽  
Tension Pneumocephalus ◽  
Bony Mass ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Sinus Mucosa

AbstractTension pneumocephalus is a treatable emergency that is usually caused by trauma or surgery. We present a rare case of spontaneous tension pneumocephalus. A 64-year-old woman presented with a severe aggravating headache. Computed tomography revealed a large air collection in the brain parenchyma of the right frontal lobe, both lateral ventricles, and the subarachnoid space. Emergent craniotomy was performed because her headache got progressively worse. We found that an abnormal bony protrusion connected the frontal sinus mucosa and the intraparenchymal pneumocephalus. After removal of the bony mass and repair of the defect, the patient immediately recovered and there was no recurrence.

MRI Findings of Cerebral Malaria

2009 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 407-412
Author(s):  
N. Medhi ◽  
S.B. Das ◽  
R.R. Das ◽  
S. Medhi ◽  
P. Sarma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Cerebral Malaria ◽  
The Other ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Progressive Decline ◽  
Cerebellar Lesions ◽  
The Brain

Cerebral malaria is a protozoal disease affecting the brain caused by Plasmodium falciparum. The hallmark of cerebral malaria is progressive decline in the sensorium leading to coma and in some cases death. MR findings reported in cerebral malaria are diffuse cerebral swelling / edema, bilateral nearly symmetrical T2 hyperintense lesions in basal ganglia and similar lesions in thalamus, pons and cerebellum. The imaging findings of cerebral malaria depend on the duration of the illness and time of MR examination. We describe two patients of cerebral malaria having mixed Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivex infestation showing bilateral basal ganglia infarcts with cerebral swelling in one patient and bilateral basal ganglia and cerebellar lesions in the other.

scholarly journals Bioresorbable Plate Fracture After Cranioplasty Caused by Head Injury, a Pediatric Case 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kohei Igarashi ◽  
Atsushi Kuge ◽  
Hiroshi Homma ◽  
Tetsu Yamaki ◽  
Rei Kondo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Head Trauma ◽  
Dura Mater ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Leakage ◽  
Dural Tear ◽  
Bone Fixation ◽  
Fluid Leakage ◽  
Bioresorbable Plate

Abstract Background: Recently, bone fixation materials have been developed as surgical materials. Bioabsorbable materials offers several advantages over other materials and are widely used. We report a rare case of the fracture of bioresorbable plates caused by head injury, and describe some considerations.Case description: A day, six-year-old boy suffered from consciousness disturbance. He was admitted our hospital and diagnosed with left frontal subcortical hemorrhage due to ruptured arteriovenous malformation (AVM). He was received the surgery of removal of the AVM with decompressive craniectomy. He was discharged without any neurologic deficit and underwent the cranioplasty 4 months after the initial surgery. Two months after the last treatment, he was fallen and hit his left frontal head. The next day, he noticed an abnormal bulge in the injured area. We diagnosed the bulging as the cerebrospinal fluid leakage because of the dural tear. The repairment of dural tear was performed. We found that two bioresorbable plates used by cranioplasty were both cracked and the dura mater beneath them was teared. We repaired the damaged dura with an artificial dura mater. After surgery, cerebrospinal fluid leakage did not occur. Conclusion: It has been reported that the durability of bioresorbable plate is no less than that of titanium plate. We experienced a relatively rare case in which bioabsorbable plate used for bone fixation was damaged due to head trauma. After craniotomy or cranioplasty using bioresorbable plates, special attention should be paid to head trauma that involves bone flap sinking force and side bending stress.

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