Dental Decay and Oral Findings in Children and Adolescents Affected by Different Types of Cerebral Palsy: A Comparative Study

Objective: To compare dental caries and oral findings in patients affected by different types of Cerebral Palsy (CP). Study design: This cross-sectional study involved 120 children and adolescents with a diagnosis of CP. WHO diagnostic criteria were used to determine DMFT (caries diagnosis), the pocket depth and attachment level (periodontitis diagnosis). Additionally, the study evaluated dental erosion, traumatic dental injuries, treatment needs index (TNI), oral habits, malocclusions, gingival overgrowth, and dental fluorosis. Results: The most frequent CP type was spastic (62.5%), followed by mixed (18.3%), ataxic (10%), and athetoid (9.1). Patients affected by mixed CP showed a higher prevalence in decayed, DMFT index and TNI compared with the other types of CP (p<0.05). The frequency of malocclusion in the clinical evaluation was 87.5% and in plaster models was 49.2%. Conclusions: Dental caries was an important issue in mixed and athetoid CP groups. Oral habits and malocclusions were the most significant oral health problems in individuals with CP.

Download Full-text

Prevalence of Dental Caries and Treatment Needs among the Orphan Children and Adolescents of Udaipur District, Rajasthan, India

The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1118 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 182-187 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Anil Agrawal ◽

PJ Rani ◽

S Srilatha ◽

Vikram Khare ◽

Ajit Koshy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oral Health ◽

Dental Caries ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Well Being ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Oral Health Status ◽

Permanent Teeth ◽

Treatment Needs ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Structured Questionnaire

ABSTRACT Objective The study was to examine the prevalence of dental caries and treatment needs among the orphan children and adolescents of Udaipur district, Rajasthan, India. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the oral health status and treatment needs of orphan children. The lists obtained comprised of 13 orphanages consisting of 923 inmates including both sexes. The survey proforma was prepared using a self-administered structured questionnaire written in English validated through a pretested survey. The statistical software namely SPSS 15.0 was used for the analysis of the data. Results The prevalence of dental caries in primary teeth was found to be 49.6% and in permanent teeth was 41%. Most of the children need one surface filling followed by pulp care. Conclusion The unmet needs for decayed teeth were also found to be high indicating a very poor accessibility and availability of any oral health care. Clearly, it can be concluded that this community has experienced a low utilization of preventive or therapeutic oral health services. Clinical significance Orphanage children in India are usually taken care by NGOs or social workers who do not realize that dental care and oral health forms an integral part of children well-being. So, this paper enlighten the prevalence of dental caries and treatment needs among the orphan children and adolescents. How to cite this article Khare V, Koshy A, Rani PJ, Srilatha S, Kapse SC, Agrawal A. Prevalence of Dental Caries and Treatment Needs among the Orphan Children and Adolescents of Udaipur District, Rajasthan, India. J Contemp Dent Pract 2012;13(2):182-187.

Download Full-text

Oral Health Status of 12-Year-Old Hani Children in the Yunnan Province of China: A Cross-Sectional Study

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18105294 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (10) ◽

pp. 5294

Author(s):

Kitty Jieyi Chen ◽

Ni Zhou ◽

Biao Xu ◽

Yuexiao Li ◽

Shinan Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Status ◽

Oral Health ◽

Dental Caries ◽

Yunnan Province ◽

Dental Fluorosis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Oral Health Status ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Gingival Bleeding

Background: The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the oral health status of Hani 12-year-old children in Yunnan, a province in Southwest China. Method: This study employed a multistage sampling method to recruit children from local primary schools. Two calibrated dentists examined the status of dental caries, gingival bleeding and dental fluorosis by adopting the diagnosis criteria recommended by the World Health Organization. A self-administrated questionnaire was distributed. The chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression were conducted. Results: This study invited 480 Hani children, and recruited 413 children (52% boys) (response rate: 86%). The dental caries prevalence was 52%, and the caries experience associated with the mean (standard deviation) decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT) score was 1.10 (1.46). Gingival bleeding was diagnosed in 252 children (61%), and dental fluorosis was found in two children (0.5%). The results of the regression model indicated the prevalence of dental caries were associated with sugary snacking habits (p = 0.002). The prevalence of gingival bleeding was related to the mother’s education level as well as the child’s monthly pocket money (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Dental caries and gingival bleeding were prevalent among 12-year-old Hani children in the Yunnan province in China. Dental fluorosis was uncommon.

Download Full-text

Oral health status and treatment needs of school going children in a tribal area in Southern India

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckaa165.455 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽

Author(s):

S Thomas ◽

R Chacko ◽

G D Khanapur ◽

D Kattula ◽

A Rose

Keyword(s):

Health Status ◽

Oral Health ◽

Dental Caries ◽

Dental Fluorosis ◽

Oral Health Status ◽

World Health ◽

Oral Diseases ◽

Treatment Needs ◽

Local Authorities ◽

Local Hospital

Abstract Background Children suffer a significant burden of oral diseases which impacts their quality of life, and general health. Many epidemiological studies have looked at oral health status and treatment needs among children in urban and rural areas across different age groups. There was limited literature assessing the oral health status among children in tribal areas, which presents unique challenges in terms of: topography, availability of health services, and complex socio-cultural health practices. Methods Cross-sectional study was conducted among 655 children across six schools between 12-15 years in Jawadhi Hills, Tamil Nadu, India. World Health Organization's, Oral Health Surveys were used for clinical and risk factor assessments. Clinical examination was conducted, and self-assessed questionnaire was administered to the children to assess the risk factors to poor oral health. Since dental fluorosis was common, drinking water samples were collected to assess fluoride levels in the community. Results Prevalence of dental caries and gingivitis (gum disease) was found to be 22.3% and 87.3% respectively. Dental Pain was reported by 57% of children as the most common reason to visit the dentist. Prevalence of dental fluorosis was found to be 53.6%. Multiple logistic regression showed: gender, dental fluorosis, diet, and maternal education significantly associated (p < 0.005) with dental caries. Fluoride levels in water was found to be higher than permissible limits (>1.5 ppm). Conclusions Children requiring treatment (∼ 200) were referred to the local hospital, and treatment was done free-of-cost. School authorities were informed about the current oral health status of children and advised to conduct regular health education & dental camps; the importance of girls' education was emphasized. Local authorities were alerted about the fluoride-rich water situation in the community and educated about defluoridation methods that the community can employ at household level. Key messages Evidence-based burden of oral diseases was presented to the local authorities for the first time, with a call for action. A referral system was established between the schools and the local hospital, to ensure continuity of oral health care for the children.

Download Full-text

Oral Health Status and Practices of 5 and 12 Year Old Indian Tribal Children

Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry ◽

10.17796/jcpd.35.3.c8063171438k4362 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 35 (3) ◽

pp. 325-330 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Abhinav Singh ◽

MP Bharathi ◽

Peter Sequeira ◽

Shashidhar Acharya ◽

Meghashyam Bhat

Keyword(s):

Health Status ◽

Oral Health ◽

Dental Caries ◽

Dental Treatment ◽

Dental Fluorosis ◽

Age Groups ◽

Oral Health Status ◽

Sugar Consumption ◽

Treatment Needs ◽

Periodontal Index

Objectives: To assess oral health status and practices of 5- and 12-year-old Tribal school children.Methods: A total of 418, 5-year-old children and 327, 12-year-old children were enrolled. Information on demographic characteristics of participants along with oral health behavior was collected. Clinical data were collected on dental fluorosis, periodontal status, dental caries and treatment needs. Dean's index criterion was used to assess dental fluorosis. Community Periodontal Index (CPI) for periodontal conditions and Dentition status and treatment needs for dental caries were recorded. Results: Between meal sugar consumption was high (100%). None of the children in both the age groups had visited trained health personnel for dental treatment. Dental fluorosis prevalence in 5- and 12-year olds was 11.9% and 22.9% respectively. Bleeding on probing and calculus was common between both the age groups. A low mean number of healthy sextants were found and this decreased with age. Mean dmft/DMFT values for 5- and 12-year olds were 4.13 ± 3.90 and 1.15 ± 1.62. Significant caries index (SIC) scores for 5- and 12-year olds were 7.17 ±4.30 and 3.78 ± 3.21 respectively. Conclusion: The present study reveals high sugar consumption, dental fluorosis, poor oral hygiene, and untreated dental disease of tribal children. Under these circumstances, the implementation of preventive programs including restriction of sweets in school premises for the tribal children is the key to good oral health.

Download Full-text

Prevalence of Dental Caries among 13 and 15-Year-Old School Children in an Endemic Fluorosis Area: A Cross-sectional Study

The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1074 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 12 (6) ◽

pp. 447-450 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

P Sudhakar ◽

K Amarendher Reddy ◽

BR Anuradha ◽

G Sri Laxmi ◽

VN Malik ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dental Caries ◽

School Children ◽

Andhra Pradesh ◽

Dental Fluorosis ◽

Age Groups ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Male Students ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Endemic Fluorosis ◽

Cross Sectional

ABSTRACT Aim To assess the prevalence of dental caries and dental fluorosis among 13- to 15-year-old school children in Panyam, Andhra Pradesh, India. Materials and methods The cross-sectional study was conducted among 202 school children and were examined for dental fluorosis and dental caries. Results This study shows that male students have a decrease in DMFT (Decayed, missing, filled, teeth) index and increase in Dean's index when compared with females. Among students with 13 to 15 years of age, 13-year-old student has increase in DMFT score when compared with other age groups and 14-year-old students has increase in Dean's score when compared with other age group students. Conclusion The prevalence of dental caries decreased with the increase of fluorosis among the students examined. Clinical significance Patients with dental fluorosis show a decreased prevalence of dental caries. How to cite this article Anuradha BR, Sri Laxmi G, Sudhakar P, Malik VN, Reddy KA, Reddy SN, Prasanna AL. Prevalence of Dental Caries among 13 and 15-Year-Old School Children in an Endemic Fluorosis Area: A Cross-sectional Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2011;12(6):447-450.

Download Full-text

Gender differences in treatments and interventions received by children and adolescents with cerebral palsy

BMC Pediatrics ◽

10.1186/s12887-020-1926-4 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Annika Lundkvist Josenby ◽

Tomasz Czuba ◽

Ann I. Alriksson-Schmidt

Keyword(s):

Gender Differences ◽

Cerebral Palsy ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Classification System ◽

Nordic Countries ◽

Place Of Birth ◽

Swedish Population ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

National Quality ◽

Significant Difference

Abstract Background In the Swedish population-based follow-up program and national quality registry for individuals with cerebral palsy (CPUP), physiotherapy (PT) and occupational therapy (OT) treatments are regularly recorded along with functional status. By Swedish law, all citizens irrespective of personal characteristics or socioeconomic status, have the right to receive healthcare and medical treatments as applicable. Previous research has shown gender differences in treatments and interventions received by children with cerebral palsy (CP). The purpose of this study was to examine differences in treatments and interventions by gender and place of birth in children and adolescents participating in CPUP. Methods This was a cross-sectional registry study. Data from the latest PT (n = 2635) and OT assessment forms (n = 3480) in CPUP were extracted for individuals aged 0–17 years. Logistic regressions were used to assess the relationships between the outcome variables and gender and place of birth (including an interaction term gender X place of birth), adjusted for age, Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) levels and spasticity scores for PT interventions and Manual Ability Classification System (MACS) for OT interventions. Results Results are presented as odds ratios [95% confidence intervals] and p-values. Girls were significantly more likely to have spinal braces than boys; 1.54 [1.07, 2.22] p < 0.05, a significant interaction with place of birth indicated fewer spinal braces prescribed to children born outside of the Nordic countries; 0.20 [0.079, 0.53] p < 0.001. Girls were less likely to have undergone selective dorsal rhizotomy (SDR); 0.49 [0.25, 0.94] p < 0.05. Individuals born outside of the Nordic countries, were significantly less likely to have received intrathecal baclofen (ITB) 0.27 [0.074, 0.98] p < 0.05. Conclusions Of the treatments prescribed, gender differences were observed for spinal braces and having undergone SDR. A statistically significant difference based on place of birth was noted for spinal bracing and having received ITB treatment. Other PT and OT treatments were associated with age, level of spasticity, and functional severity as classified using the GMFCS and the MACS. Increased awareness of differences based on gender, and where a child is born, could be obtained by inter- and intraprofessional discussions.

Download Full-text

Dentition status and treatment needs of human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients on anti retro viral therapy in Raichur taluk, Karnataka, India: A cross sectional study

European Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.4103/ejd.ejd_290_16 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 11 (02) ◽

pp. 238-241 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Shrikanth Muralidharan ◽

Arunkumar Acharya ◽

Shanthi Margabandhu

Keyword(s):

Dental Caries ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Treatment Needs ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Viral Therapy ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Study Population ◽

Convenience Sampling

ABSTRACTObjective: The aim of the study was to assess the dentition status and the treatment needs of the HIV-positive patients on ART for more than a year in Raichur, Karnataka. Materials and Methods: Convenience sampling was followed. The sample size was 170. The dentition status and treatment needs of the patients were recorded as per the WHO guidelines. Results: The overall prevalence of dental caries was 79.4%. Males had higher percentage of dental caries than the females, and this was found to be statistically significant. The prevalence of dental caries was higher among the participants who used finger to clean their teeth compared to the toothbrush, neem stick, and charcoal users, and this was found to be statistically significant. Conclusion: Higher prevalence of dental caries was observed among the study population. Most of them required some type of treatment. Patients with a low CD4 count required higher treatments than the others.

Download Full-text