Medical Support of Combat Operations and Naval Air Force Losses in the Great Patriotic War

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 127-134
Author(s):  
E. A. Luchnikov ◽  
O. G. Chernikov ◽  
E. M. Mavrenkov
Keyword(s):  
Air Force ◽  
Medical Service ◽  
Search And Rescue ◽  
Medical Support ◽  
Aeromedical Evacuation ◽  
Medical Evacuation ◽  
Medical Supplies ◽  
Management Procedures ◽  
Recreation Centers ◽  
Great Patriotic War

The paper addresses the contribution of the Naval Air Force and its medical service to the victory in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945. Organizational and staff structure, medical support of combat operations, the dynamics, level and structure of operational attrition and non-battle sanitary losses of the Naval Air Force air and ground crews are studied by categories and by the periods of the war, including the major operations, separately for each fleet. Detailed analysis of the experience of search and rescue operations and aeromedical evacuation as specific components of the medical service of the Naval Air Force is presented. The management procedures of medical supplies and recreation of the air crews to prevent their exhaustion are studied. For instance, since it was impossible to provide professional and specialized medical aid to the wounded from the fleet air force units, it had to be provided at the naval and combined-arms levels of medical evacuation. Only a small number of air base infirmaries were staffed by qualified surgeons. Difficulties in organizing the medical supplies were caused by frequent movements of air force units, often in the closest vicinity to the enemy; and also, by the lack of special unified medical packs. Based on the experience of medical support for search and rescue operations, the most effective search and rescue of flight personnel was organized using water-planes. During the war, naval aviation pilots evacuated thousands of wounded people to the rear of the country. The specifics of the fleet aviation missions characterize the structure of sanitary losses and their ratio to the irretrievable losses of flying personnel during the four years of the war. Due to a significant combat load on the pilots, the command was obliged to organize their rehabilitation in the form of short-term vacation at adapted recreation centers. Based on the information available from literature and archive sources, the successful experience and faults in the medical support of the combat missions of the Air Force as the striking component of the Navy during the Great Patriotic War are analyzed, and respective detailed conclusions are made.

Taranukha V.K. Medical science in the service of front (to the 75th anniversary of the Victory in the Great Patriotic War)

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 236-240
Author(s):  
V. B. Symonenko ◽  
M. Sh. Knopov ◽  
V. K. Taranukha
Keyword(s):  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Medical Service ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Medical Evacuation ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Academic Medical ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Red Army ◽  
Russian Medical

Russian medical science has made a significant contribution to solving complicated and important problems that faced with medical service of the Armed Forces of the USSR during the Great Patriotic War. The forms of organizing the scientific activities of scientists in the interests of the front were different. First of all, the following should be noted. This is the unification of the efforts of medical scientists of the country in the work of the Academic Medical Councils under the Chief of the Main Military Sanitary Directorate of the Red Army and the Chief of the Medical-Sanitary Directorate of the Navy, as well as the Scientific Medical and Hospital Councils of the USSR People’s Commissariat of Health. The plenary meetings of these authoritative scientific bodies dealt with the most important problems of medical evacuation, sanitary and hygienic and antiepidemic support, discussed new methods for treating the wounded, the results of the medical service’s activities during this or that period of the war, its new tasks, etc. Focusing on the leading scientists Representatives of all major healthcare sectors, the councils had been contributing to the development, testing and implementation of the latest achievements in medical science in practice.

scholarly journals The leader ship of military medical services in the Great Patriotic War period (to the 75th anniversary of the Great Victory)

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-88
Author(s):  
V. B. Symonenko ◽  
M. Sh. Knopov ◽  
V. K. Taranukha
Keyword(s):  
Medical Service ◽  
Gunshot Wounds ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
Medical Support ◽  
Medical Specialists ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Red Army ◽  
The Many ◽  
Great Victory

High rates in the medical service works during the Great Patriotic War were achieved primarily due to the satisfactory organization of medical support for military operations and troops, in their leadership of which the leading role belonged to the heads of the medical service and the chief medical specialists of the Red Army and the Navy, as well as to the chief medical specialists of fronts, fleets and armies. During the war the main problems of the troops medical supply organization, wounded and sick treatment, as well as a number of sanitary and hygienic and anti-epidemic issues (the system of step-by-step treatment of the wounded and patients with evacuation to destination; gunshot wounds, burns, frostbites treatment, blood transfusion questions, etc.) were successfully solved under the leadership. During the war the many thousands of military doctors work was led by savants, organizers of health, and specialists with enormous knowledge, talent and i nexhaustible diligence.

scholarly journals Conceptual aspects of management of the distribution of medical supplies from the position of military pharmaceutical logistics

2019 ◽  
pp. 3-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. V. Bilous ◽  
O. P. Shmatenko ◽  
O. A. Ryzhov ◽  
V. V. Trokhymchuk ◽  
О. V. Galan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Search ◽  
Medical Equipment ◽  
Medical Service ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Medical Support ◽  
Equipment And Supplies ◽  
Military Equipment ◽  
Medical Supplies ◽  
Distribution Logistics ◽  
Logistic Support

One of the main directions of logistic support of the Armed Forces of Ukraine is medical support which is aimed at life safeguard and health of military personnel, well-timed and efficient provision of medical care in the event of injuries, injuries and diseases, fast renewal of combat power and ability to work in different conditions of its handling and at different period of time. The readiness of medical service of the Armed Forces of Ukraine to the medical support of the troops depends on the well-timed organization of medical supplies and the refilling of medical supplies full and complete. The qualitative and efficient allocation of medical equipment and medical supplies is a determining factor in this process. The aim of the work – reasoning of the irregularity of distribution logistics in the unified logistic system of the Armed Forces of Ukraine and the study of the main aspects of management of the distribution of medical supplies from the position of military pharmaceutical logistics. To get the purpose of the research, the analysis of domestic scientific sources and the current normative and legal base of Ukraine have been carried out. Research methods are: information search, comparison, systemization, semantic analysis, synthesis and modeling. In the conditions of logistic support of the Armed Forces of Ukraine and other components of the security and defense forces of Ukraine, the logistic function of the distribution of logistical equipment, inventory, military equipment and services (food, bath and laundry services, etc.) should ensure the activity of troops (forces) in peacetime and war time. It is the guarantee of the ability to ensure the defense of the state and appropriate response to military threats to the national security of Ukraine, efficiently using available potential and resources. Distribution logistics from the position of military pharmaceutical logistics is the management of all functional subsystems of the medical supplies and health services of the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine in order to optimize the distribution of the material flow (purchased medical supplies) from the supplier to the final consumer (according to the applications of the Military Medical Clinical Centers of the Regions). Same, distributive logistics in the structure of a unified logistic support system of the Armed Forces of Ukraine does not carry a commercial component, and its functions consist in planning, organization of distribution, control and regulation of the logistic process of distribution of material and technical means (including medical equipment and supplies), inventory, military equipment, services (catering, bath and laundry service, etc.). According to the authors, the term «marketing logistics» is not possible to use as a single system of logistic support of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, and in its subsystems. To sum it up, it was suggested to use the term «distributive logistics». On the basis of theoretical generalization of the data of scientific literature and normative legal acts, the main aspects of management of the distribution of medical equipment and supplies from the standpoint of military pharmaceutical logistics are studied. The functions of distributive logistics are defined, the model of the current logistic chain of distribution of medical equipment and supplies in the medical service of the Armed Forces of Ukraine is constructed. It is noted that in order to ensure the qualitative and efficient distribution of medical equipment and supplies, a regulatory and legal framework which regulates the division of powers between institutions and units of medical supplies and defines the responsibility for their implementation in the current conditions of the reformation of the Armed Forces of Ukraine.

Portable Ultrasonography Onboard Deployment in the PLA(N) Peace Ark Hospital Ship in Mission Harmony 2018

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Jiaqi Zhao ◽  
Yi Zhou ◽  
Jiafeng Wang ◽  
Chong Zhang ◽  
Zhuhong Cai
Keyword(s):  
Medical Service ◽  
Humanitarian Assistance ◽  
South American ◽  
Pacific Island ◽  
Medical Support ◽  
Medical Assistance ◽  
The Future ◽  
Examination Methods ◽  
Medical Teams ◽  
Portable Ultrasonography

Abstract From June 28 to November 22, 2018, the Chinese People’s Liberation Army Navy – PLA(N) – Peace Ark hospital ship had conducted Mission Harmony 2018, providing humanitarian medical assistance and carrying out international cooperation, in 4 Pacific island countries and 6 Central and South American countries. Compared with its application only in onshore outreach medical teams in the previous Mission Harmony, portable ultrasonography was used both onboard and onshore in Mission Harmony 2018. The purpose of this study was to assess the performance of onboard portable ultrasonography in PLA(N) Peace Ark hospital ship during Mission Harmony-2018, share our onboard working experience, and provide a reference for humanitarian assistance missions in the future. A retrospective review was performed on a cohort of patients checked by onboard portable ultrasonography. Patients’ gender, age, the distribution of examined organs, and multiple applications of the portable ultrasonography were analyzed. Some limitations of portable ultrasonography on the mission and possible improvements in the future were also discussed. A total of 5277 cases (mean age: 43.74 years; range: 2 months–105 years) of ultrasound examinations were performed during the mission; among them, 3126 (59.2%) cases were performed by portable ultrasonography, including 3024 onboard cases and 102 onshore cases. The portable ultrasonography had been applied in many scenarios, for example, onboard emergency triage process, onboard bedside medical support, and onshore outreach medical service, which had become one of the indispensable auxiliary examination methods for its compatibility, portability, and flexibility. The onboard deployment of portable ultrasonography played a versatile and irreplaceable role in the humanitarian medical assistance and medical cooperation carried out by the PLA(N) Peace Ark hospital ship, and will contribute to such kind of missions in the future.

scholarly journals Blood and blood components preparation, storage and supply during the Great Patriotic War

2015 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 459-463
Author(s):  
R G Turaev ◽  
G R Khasanova ◽  
I V Klyushkin ◽  
O V Boykova
Keyword(s):  
Medical Service ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Blood Components ◽  
Military Hospitals ◽  
Medical Institutions ◽  
Service Staff ◽  
Medical Facilities ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Combat Medics

During the Great Patriotic War, work of health workers not only in frontline medical institutions of different levels, but also directly on the battlefield was invaluable. Sanitary losses, especially among combat medics taking the wounded from the battlefield, were the most crucial. During the war, military hospitals were established throughout the territory of the USSR where over 22 million of wounded were treated. 85% of them returned to the Army. The role of blood transfusion stations staff who supplied front and rear medical facilities by blood and its components is invaluable. The objective of the article - to illustrate the role and importance of medical service and its part - medical institutions dealing with blood and blood components collection, storage, processing and supply to military units, hospital, performing transfusions for the wounded. Archival materials and statistical data gained from various publications, wartime and postwar, were used. The gained data confirm the invaluable role of these services in providing medical aid to the wounded and the sick during the Great Patriotic War, as well as describe reorganization and flexible tactics of the blood service staff in accordance with the Great Patriotic War periods in supplying medical service with blood and its components. Blood service staff training and management measures allowed to uninterrupted supply front and rear medical institutions with blood. Blood service in different periods of the Great Patriotic War had undergone significant management changes in the section of the donation, processing and supply of medical facilities with blood, enabling to attract huge crowds of people in the USSR to donate blood, to ensure an uninterrupted, adequate supply of troops with blood.

scholarly journals Archive of the Navy — Branch of the Central Archive of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation: Stages of History

2018 ◽  
pp. 915-925
Author(s):  
Eduard L. Korshunov ◽  
◽  
Aleksandr I. Rupasov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Air Force ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
The State ◽  
Records Management ◽  
General Staff ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Commander In Chief ◽  
Central Archive

The article reviews creation of the departmental archive of the National Commissariat of the Navy (1937) and its functioning to this day. ‘The Statute of the Branch of the Central Archive of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation (Archive of Navy)’ was adopted on February 20, 2013. According to this document the Archive of Navy became a subdivision of the Central Archive of the Ministry of Defense, deployed separately and functioning independently. The departmental archive began its acquisition in September 1940. Satisfactory execution of functions by Archive was impeded by multiple changes in the structure of the Directorate of the Peoples’ Commissariat of the Navy, which complicated processing of documents entering the storage. Tasks of the Archive were reduced to the following: to control files condition and document destruction; to compile lists of documents with terms of their storage; to inspect the state of archiving in the Navy; to advise archives and records management offices of central directorates (departments) of the Peoples’ Commissariat of the Navy on formation and registration of files and their transfer to archive; to enter documents of the central directorates (departments) on storage; to track and safeguard documents. On the eve the Great Patriotic War transfer of document from fleet, flotillas, and naval bases was in its initial stage. The first months of the Great Patriotic War prompted evacuation of archival fonds from Moscow to Ulyanovsk (August 1941). By January 1945 these numbered 26550 files and 1234 bags of unsorted documents. At the end of war the Archive was relocated from Ulyanovsk to Leningrad, and then to Kronstadt (1947). In 1950s the Archive continued moving to new places — to Pushkin, to Leningrad, to Gatchina (1961). The fonds of the Archive store unique documents of the Peoples’ Commissariat and Ministry of the Navy, governing bodies under the Commander-In-Chief of the Navy, research establishments, Navy schools, river flotillas, materials on ships and submarines, air force, marines, coastal and anti-aircraft defense, rear, hydrographic, medical and sanitary, and other services. Of great interest for researchers are documents of the General Staff of the Navy.

scholarly journals Experimental Exercises as an Element of Joint Combat Training of the Air Forces and Railway Troops in the Prewar Period and During the Great Patriotic War (1931-1945)

2021 ◽  
pp. 32-39
Author(s):  
D.S. Lapay ◽  
S.S. Lantukhov
Keyword(s):  
Air Force ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Test Field ◽  
Military Equipment ◽  
Combat Training ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
History Of ◽  
Prewar Period ◽  
Equipment Testing

This article deals with the organization of experimental exercises of the Air Force and Railway Troops in the conditions of increasing military threat during the prewar period and the years of Great Patriotic War combat operations. The relevance of the study is due to the lack of scientific research on the history of interaction and joint combat training of aviation and special technical branches units. In the course of this research, the role and place of experimental exercises in the system of joint combat training of the Air Force and Railway Troops were defined, and the main areas of weapons and military equipment testing were analyzed. A conclusion was made about the fundamental role of the Gorokhovets Aviation and Railway Troops test field in the study of joint combat use and in the development of new models of air weapons and recovering equipment for Railway Troops. The effectiveness of using of the experience of such experimental exercises is positively assessed. Conclusions are formulated and scientific-theoretical recommendations are offered to improve joint combat training of Aviation and Railway Troops units at the present development level of the Russian Armed Forces.

scholarly journals Airfild evacuation center: experience of the interaction between the medical service of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, the Disaster Medicine Service and the Ambulance Service

2019 ◽  
pp. 39-45
Author(s):  
A. U. Mursalov ◽  
R. I. Minnullin ◽  
A. I. Makhnovskii
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Medical Service ◽  
Tension Pneumothorax ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Disaster Medicine ◽  
Ambulance Service ◽  
Leningrad Region ◽  
Medical Evacuation ◽  
Abdominal Bleeding ◽  
Medicine Service

Relevance. One of the important tasks in the provision of emergency medical care to victims of the mass-causalty incident is a medical triage in order to determine the priority of medical care and the priority of medical evacuation.Intention. To work out issues of interaction between the medical service of the Armed Forces of Russia, the Disaster Medicine Service and the Ambulance Service.Methodology. The program of the 16th All-Russian Congress “Ambulance 2017”, tactical and special exercises on the deployment of airfield evacuation center were included as a training and demonstration event . According to the plan of the exercise, several mass-causalty areas resulted from terrorist attacks along the border of the Leningrad Region.Results and discussion. To accomplish the tasks, an evacuation center was deployed with a capacity of up to 200 wounded and sick per day, evacuation capability of 32 stretcher wounded, and 4 h deployment time. During the exercise, non-invasive screening studies to proactively diagnose intracranial hematomas (portable infrared scanner), tension pneumothorax, hemopericardium, intrapleural and intra-abdominal bleeding (portable US device using FAST protocol), acute blood loss (portable laboratory analyzer) were performed in addition to standard examinations. To determine the priority of medical evacuation of victims, an improved Revised Trauma Score (RTS) scale with user-friendly software for Android mobile devices (smartphone, tablet) was used. In case of mass-causalty event and a shortage of specialized sanitary transport, those who needed urgent specialized medical care were transferred from an evacuation center via radial evacuation to specialized medical organizations subordinated to the Ministry of Defense, the Ministry of Health and the subjects of Russia.Conclusion. The feasibility of deploying an airfield evacuation center to eliminate the health effects of emergencies was determined by potential discrepancy between evacuation capacities of air transport and ambulances, on one hand, and the need to temporarily accommodate (including isolation) and provide emergency health care to victims. 

scholarly journals M. I. Pirogov's contribution to the formation of the basic principles of medical support of troops and the system of medical service management in war

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 181-186
Author(s):  
L. G. Kovalenko ◽  
M. I. Yukalchuk ◽  
K. F. Antoshchuk
Keyword(s):  
Support Services ◽  
Service Management ◽  
Medical Service ◽  
Medical Support ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Military Services

Annotation. M. I. Pyrohov is a founder of battlefield surgery, organization and medical military services. His ideas laid the foundation of well-managed system of modern medical support services of troops. The article reveals some aspects of the formation of structure of the Medical Service management in the war.

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