scholarly journals Possibilities of modern methods of laboratory diagnostics in the study of viral hepatitis A.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena V. Volchkova ◽  
Olga F. Belaia ◽  
Karina T. Umbetova ◽  
Natalia Yu. Pshenichnaya ◽  
Valerii A. Malov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Hepatitis A Virus ◽  
The Body ◽  
Laboratory Diagnostics ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Reverse Transcription Pcr ◽  
Viral Hepatitis A ◽  
Retrospective Examination

It is generally accepted that the course of viral hepatitis A is accompanied by short-term viremia, and the disease itself does not have serious consequences for the person who has recovered. The article describes a clinical case of a protracted course of viral hepatitis A with long-term persistence of the virus. Against the background of the therapy, the patient's condition improved, and by the time of discharge from the hospital on the 38th day of illness and later, with a retrospective examination on the 68th day from the onset of the disease by the method of reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR in real time), the presence of RNA of the hepatitis A virus was confirmed in feces, which indicated a long persistence of the virus in the body. This observation indicates the need for long-term dispensary observation of patients who have undergone viral hepatitis A.

Salivary and Serum Biochemical Alterations in Patients with Acute Viral Hepatitis

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 747-751 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Gabriela Badita ◽  
Iulia Ioana Stanescu ◽  
Andra Balcangiu Stroescu ◽  
Dan Piperea Sianu ◽  
Daniela Miricescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Hepatitis A Virus ◽  
World Population ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Biochemical Alterations ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Serum Biochemical ◽  
Viral Hepatitis A

Viral hepatitis represents a major health problem worldwide. Approximately 1.4 million people are infected with hepatitis A virus every year, although given that most of the cases evolve asymptomatically the real number could be even higher. At the same time, hepatitis B virus affects up to 30% of the world population and represents one of the main causes of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Thus, it is very important to understand the physiopathology of viral hepatitis A and B not only for the diagnosis, but also for the therapeutic protocol. The present research aimed to determine if HAV and HBV can alter serum and salivary levels of total protein and of 2 important electrolytes: calcium and potassium.

Viral Hepatitis A: Virus, Disease, and Control

1984 ◽  
pp. 365-376
Author(s):  
F. DEINHARDT ◽  
J. ABB ◽  
V. GAUSS-MüLLER ◽  
K. VON DER HELM ◽  
M. ROGGENDORF ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Hepatitis A Virus ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Viral Hepatitis A ◽  
And Control

scholarly journals Potential Role of Fomites in the Vehicular Transmission of Human Astroviruses

2001 ◽  
Vol 67 (9) ◽  
pp. 3904-3907 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Xavier Abad ◽  
Cristina Villena ◽  
Susana Guix ◽  
Santiago Caballero ◽  
Rosa M. Pintó ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Hepatitis A Virus ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Reverse Transcription Pcr ◽  
Human Astroviruses ◽  
Relevant Role ◽  
Inert Surfaces ◽  
High Level ◽  
Virus Survival

ABSTRACT The persistence of human astroviruses dried on representative porous (paper) and nonporous (china) surfaces was investigated. Long-term astrovirus survival on fomites was monitored by an integrated cell culture-reverse transcription-PCR procedure. Viruses were applied to inanimate surfaces in the presence and absence of fecal material, and their survival was assayed at 4 and 20°C with high relative humidity. Astroviruses exhibited a notable persistence when dried on porous and nonporous materials, particularly at low temperature. Short-term survival of astroviruses on fomites was compared to that of other enteric viruses significant for health, such as rotavirus, adenovirus, poliovirus, and hepatitis A virus. Overall, astroviruses persisted better than poliovirus and adenovirus, although they exhibited a shorter survival than rotavirus and hepatitis A virus. Astroviruses show a high level of persistence at the desiccation step, which is of major significance in determining the chance of subsequent virus survival dried on fomites. Astroviruses are able to survive on inert surfaces long enough to suggest that fomites may play a relevant role in the secondary transmission of astrovirus diarrhea.

History and Global Burden of Viral Hepatitis

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 293-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hubert E. Blum
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Hepatitis A Virus ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Chronic Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Viral Hepatitis A

Between 1963 and 1989, 5 hepatotropic viruses have been discovered that are the major causes of viral hepatitides worldwide: hepatitis A virus, hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis delta virus and hepatitis E virus. Their epidemiology and pathogenesis have been studied in great detail. Furthermore, the structure and genetic organization of their DNA or RNA genome including the viral life cycle have been elucidated and have been successfully translated into important clinical applications, such as the specific diagnosis, therapy and prevention of the associated liver diseases, including liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The prevalence of acute and chronic viral hepatitis A-E shows distinct geographic differences. The global burden of disease (prevalence, incidence, death, disability-adjusted life years) has been analyzed in seminal studies that show that the worldwide prevalence of hepatitis A-E has significantly decreased between 1990 and 2013. During the same time, the incidence of HBV-related liver cirrhosis and HCC, respectively, also decreased or increased slightly, the incidence of the HCV-related liver cirrhosis remained stable and the incidence of HCV-related HCC showed a major increase. During the coming years, we expect to improve our ability to prevent and effectively treat viral hepatitis A-E, resulting in the control of these global infections and the elimination of their associated morbidities and mortalities.

scholarly journals THE VIEW OF THE CLINICIAN ON FEATURES OF THE CLINICAL COURSE AND ISSUES OF VACCINAL PREVENTION OF VIRAL HEPATITIS A

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-45
Author(s):  
O. A Burgasova ◽  
V. M Volkova ◽  
V. B Tetova ◽  
N. M Belyaeva
Keyword(s):  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Hepatitis A Virus ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Modern View ◽  
Viral Hepatitis A ◽  
Age Category

The article is devoted to peculiarities of the clinical course of hepatitis A. There is presented the modern view of the immunopathogenesis of hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection. The attention is focused on possibilities of the development of severe, fulminant course especially in patients of the old age category. The authors give the analysis of the main causes of severe fulminant forms of the disease. There are pointed out clinical and laboratory criteria for the assessment of the severity of the course of HAV infection. This article includes information on current aspects of vaccination against HAV, with the indication of the population, especially needed of vaccination

Serum aminoterminal procollagen type III peptide in acute viral hepatitis. A long-term follow-up study

2008 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsten D. Bentsen ◽  
KIM Hørslev-Petersen ◽  
Peter Junker ◽  
Erik Juhl ◽  
Ib Lorenzen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Acute Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Procollagen Type ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Viral Hepatitis A ◽  
Acute Viral Hepatitis A

scholarly journals Retrospective analysis of the incidence of viral hepatitis A in the republic of Crimea

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-36
Author(s):  
Maksim V. Gorovenko ◽  
I. Z Karimov ◽  
N. A Penkovskaya ◽  
N. G Los-Yatsenko ◽  
A. S Midikari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Public Health Care ◽  
Rights Protection ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
Annual Dynamic ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Viral Hepatitis A

Viral hepatitis A is the most widespread form of acute viral hepatitis in the world and one of the most important medico-social problems of public health care. The existing ecologic problems of the Crimea demand more careful studying of regularities of epidemic process of hepatitis A on the peninsula to provide epidemiological well-being of the population and visitors. Retrospective epidemiologic analysis of long-term and annual dynamic of viral hepatitis A incidence in Crimea Republic in 2005-2014 had been carried out on the basis of statistical data of Interregional Department of Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing of the Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol. It is revealed that The prevalence of adults in structure ofpatients, leveling ofperiodicity and expressed tendency to reducing of morbidity were revealed to be features of hepatitis A on the peninsula.

Investigation of specific activity and harmlessness of simultaneous administration of vaccines in complex immunoprophylaxis of dangerous infectious diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 100-106
Author(s):  
N. P. Khirina ◽  
V. M. Dobrynin ◽  
A. V. Stepanov ◽  
N. N. Stepanov ◽  
S. V. Popov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Protective Efficacy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Yellow Fever Vaccine ◽  
Simultaneous Administration ◽  
Simultaneous Application ◽  
Viral Hepatitis A

Experimental study of specific activity and harmlessness of simultaneous application of five vaccines (abdominal, Zonne dysentery, viral hepatitis A, meningococcal and live yellow fever vaccine) in complex immunoprophylaxis of dangerous infectious diseases was carried out. It has been found that the simultaneous administration of these vaccines is safe and has high immunogenicity and protective efficacy for each infection not inferior to, and in some cases superior to, vaccines administered separately. In particular, the immunogenicity of vaccines against typhoid fever and viral hepatitis A administered jointly was four times higher than with their separate administration, which may indicate the presence of a certain adjuvant effect on the part of other vaccines, as well as the absence of antagonism in their joint use. It was revealed that complex vaccinations do not negatively affect the functional state of cells involved in the initial stage of immunogenesis. The absence of a negative effect of complex vaccinations on the components of nonspecific resistance of the body was almost completely confirmed in the conditions of infection of immunized animals with influenza virus, that is, in modeling heterologous infection. In addition, immunization with a complex of vaccines does not lead to allergic animals, which is confirmed by the absence of any manifestations of allergic reactions or anaphylactic activity.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of viral hepatitis A, B, C, D and E viruses in the Hormozgan province southern Iran

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Amin Behzadi ◽  
Victor Hugo Leyva-Grado ◽  
Mandana Namayandeh ◽  
Atoosa Ziyaeyan ◽  
Roya Feyznezhad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Hepatitis A Virus ◽  
Hepatitis Virus ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Hepatitis D ◽  
Hbs Ag ◽  
Viral Hepatitis A

Abstract Background Viral hepatitis is a global public health problem affecting millions of people worldwide, causing thousands of deaths due to acute and persistent infection, cirrhosis, and liver cancer. Providing updated serologic data can improve both surveillance and disease control programs. This study is aimed to determine the seroprevalence of markers for viral hepatitis (A, B, C, D and E) and the epidemiology of such infections in the general population of southern Iran’s Hormozgan province. Methods Between 2016 and 2017, a total of 562 individuals with ages ranging from 1 to 86 years, who visited governmental public laboratories for routine check-ups, were tested for the presence of serological markers to hepatitis virus types A to E using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Results The overall anti-hepatitis A virus (HAV) antibody seroprevalence was 93.2% (524/562). The prevalence of anti-hepatitis E virus (HEV) antibodies was 15.8% (89/562) among which 1.6% (9/562) of the seropositive individuals also had evidence of recent exposure to the virus (IgM positivity). Two and a half percent (14/562) were positive for hepatitis B surface (HBs) antigen, whereas 11.6% (65/562) tested positive for anti-hepatitis B core (HBc) antibodies. Among anti-HBc positive patients, 11% (7/65) had HBs Ag and 5% (3/65) were positive for anti-hepatitis D virus (HDV) antibodies. The prevalence of anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibodies was 0.7% (4/562). The seroprevalence of anti-HAV, HEV IgG, anti-HBc antibodies, and HBs Ag increased with age. Conclusion The present study confirms a high seroprevalence of HAV infection among the examined population and reveals high levels of endemicity for HEV in the region. Planned vaccination policies against HAV should be considered in all parts of Iran. In addition, improvements on public sanitation and hygiene management of drinking water sources for the studied area are recommended.

scholarly journals Viral Hepatitis A and B as Differential in Children Presenting with Acute Glomerulonephritis

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 154-157
Author(s):  
Parul Bhardwaj ◽  
Anju Bala ◽  
Parvinder Singh
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Acute Glomerulonephritis ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Pediatric Age ◽  
Course Of Disease ◽  
Pediatric Age Group ◽  
Viral Hepatitis A

Hepatitis A and B presenting as acute glomerulonephritis is rare in pediatric age group. In children it is necessary to recognize glomerulonephritis early in the course of disease so as to prevent long term morbidity. Cases described in this report indicate that children presenting with acute glomerulonephritis must be investigated for viral hepatitis. Keywords: Glomerulonephritis, Hepatitis A, Hepatitis B.

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