Two cases of bone formation in the postoperative scar of the abdominal wall

Histogenetically similar cells can sometimes undergo metaplasia under the influence of little-known reasons. In some cases, the transformation of one type of tissue into another occurs for no apparent reason, such as in various kinds of mixed tumors; in other cases, we observe the phenomenon of metaplasia in chronic tissue irritation (Podvysotsky). Our cases of ossification of the postoperative scars of the abdominal wall and can be interpreted in terms of prolonged irritation of the connective tissue of the aponeurosis of the abdominal muscles with silk sutures, for which, to a certain extent, the shape of the bone formations speaks.

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Electrical function of the abdominal muscles after combined plastic of extensive median hernias in the context of connective tissue dysplasia

Vestnik of Experimental and Clinical Surgery ◽

10.18499/2070-478x-2019-12-3-152-157 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 152-157

Author(s):

Radu Railianu

Keyword(s):

Connective Tissue ◽

Abdominal Wall ◽

Anterior Abdominal Wall ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Clinical Severity ◽

Abdominal Muscles ◽

Abdominal Hernias ◽

Connective Tissue Dysplasia ◽

Optimal Rehabilitation ◽

Relaxing Effect

Relevance. Improving the electrical function of abdominal muscles in patients with extensive median hernias of the anterior abdominal wall can be facilitated by optimizing the choice of methods for combined hernioplasty, taking into account the clinical severity of connective tissue dysplasia among the hernia carriers. Objective. Study the electrical function of abdominal muscles after the methods of combined hernioplasty of extensive median hernias, taking into account the severity of connective tissue dysplasia among the hernia carriers. Results. The average numbers of electromyogram frequencies of the abdominal muscles of patients with extensive median hernias from the group without clinical signs of connective tissue dysplasia were almost the same after all the applied methods of combined hernioplasty. The predominance of the rectus muscles electric function over the lateral abdominal muscles among the patients of this group was 33,5 %. Electrofunctional rehabilitation of the abdominal muscles of patients in the second group of examinations depended on the method of combined hernioplasty and changed in the event of an increase or decrease in the severity of connective tissue dysplasia. The recovery of electroactivity of abdominal muscles in the postoperative period in patients from the second group was more significant with an increase in the number of abdominal muscles applied to aponeuroses and vagina of relaxing sections, which contributed to an increase in mobility and contractility of the musculoaponeurotic layers of the anterior abdominal wall. Conclusions. Thus, with an increase in the severity of connective tissue dysplasia in patients with extensive median abdominal hernias, the method of combined hernioplasty with the most pronounced relaxing effect in relation to the anterior abdominal wall promoted optimal rehabilitation of abdominal muscles.

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EFFECT OF CONNECTIVE INSUFFICIENCY AND SIZES OF MEDIAN HERNIAS ON BEFORE AND POSTOPERATIVE FUNCTION OF THE ABDOMINAL MUSCLE

RUDN Journal of Medicine ◽

10.22363/2313-0245-2019-23-1-40-53 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 40-53

Author(s):

R. I. Railianu ◽

G. I. Podoliniy ◽

A. V. Marshaluk

Keyword(s):

Connective Tissue ◽

Abdominal Wall ◽

Anterior Abdominal Wall ◽

Abdominal Cavity ◽

Abdominal Muscle ◽

Original Method ◽

Abdominal Muscles ◽

Postoperative Function ◽

Before And After ◽

Clinically Significant

The article analyzes the results of electromyography of the abdominal muscles in 189 patients with median postoperative hernia of the anterior abdominal wall of different sizes before and after the combined methods of hernioplasty, including considering the level of connective tissue failure. In the preoperative period, electromyography was performed in 69 (36,6%), after combined hernioplasty, 120 (63,4%) patients. The patients were divided into a group of 161 (85,1%) patients with clinically significant or histologically confirmed connective tissue insufficiency and into a group of 28 (14,9%) patients without it. The distribution of patients in the examination groups was carried out using an original method of assessing the degree of deviation of collagen fibers from the projection of the Langer lines in microscopic specimens of the skin areas excised during the operation and based on the results of a retrospective analysis of case histories with determination of the intraoperative adhesions of the adhesions in the abdominal cavity or hernial sac. In the formed groups, we studied the amplitude, frequency, front and area of electromyograms obtained from the direct and lateral muscles of the anterior abdominal wall. It was found that in patients with median postoperative hernias, mesenchymal dysplasia was the main reason for the decrease in functional activity and the imbalance of forces between the direct and lateral abdominal muscles. Optimal restoration of electroactivity of the abdominal muscles after combined hernioplasty occurred among patients without clinically significant connective tissue insufficiency. When reaching a giant postoperative hernia of gigantic size in patients with a clinically significant level of connective tissue dysplasia, the functioning of the abdominal muscles decreased by 26%, and in patients without it only by 15%. The pathology of collagen in skin grafts excised during surgery was detected in 91,5% of patients with mid-incisional hernias.

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FUNCTION OF THE GALL BLADDER EPITHELIUM AS AN OSTEOGENIC STIMULUS AND THE PHYSIOLOGICAL DIFFERENTIATION OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE

Journal of Experimental Medicine ◽

10.1084/jem.58.4.393 ◽

1933 ◽

Vol 58 (4) ◽

pp. 393-400 ◽

Cited By ~ 52

Author(s):

C. B. Huggins ◽

J. F. Sammet

Keyword(s):

Calcium Carbonate ◽

Urinary Bladder ◽

Connective Tissue ◽

Bone Formation ◽

Gall Bladder ◽

Guinea Pig ◽

Abdominal Wall ◽

Tissue Reaction ◽

Connective Tissues ◽

Bladder Epithelium

Evidence is presented that the proliferating gall bladder epithelium in the dog and guinea pig is capable of stimulating bone formation in certain connective tissues such as the abdominal wall. Other connective tissue areas such as the subepithelial connective tissue of the gall bladder and urinary bladder do not share in this tissue reaction and resist the bone stimulus of the epithelium. The formation of bone in these circumstances is thus biphasic. A difference between connective tissues morphologically identical can be proven physiologically, by their response to the osteogenic stimulus of appropriate epithelia. Calcium carbonate microliths occurred in the mucus of the occluded gall bladder in which there was transplanted connective tissue forming part of the wall.

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EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON HETEROPLASTIC BONE FORMATION

Journal of Experimental Medicine ◽

10.1084/jem.32.6.745 ◽

1920 ◽

Vol 32 (6) ◽

pp. 745-766 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Goichi Asami ◽

William Dock

Keyword(s):

Connective Tissue ◽

Bone Formation ◽

Direct Contact ◽

Endochondral Ossification ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Rabbit Kidney ◽

Transitional Epithelium ◽

Ear Cartilage ◽

Calcium Deposits ◽

New Formation

1. Bone formation in the rabbit kidney with ligated vessels takes place (a) through the activity of young fibroblasts which accumulate to form a membrane-like structure; (b) subsequently by direct ossification of hyaline connective tissue in continuity with preformed bone; and (c) through erosion of lime placques by granulating tissue and laying down of lamellar bone by cells derived from fibroblasts. 2. Bone formation in the rabbit kidney begins not in direct contact with calcium deposits, but in the loose vascular connective tissue close under the transitional epithelium of the calices. 3. With autotransplanted ear cartilage of the rabbit there is an active new formation of cartilage in the connective tissue which surrounds the transplants, and the bone is formed by the fibroblasts from the perichondrium which erode and invade the calcified areas in this new cartilage. 4. The process of bone formation in the kidney is similar to that found in normal membranous ossification, while with the transplanted ear cartilage the process is identical with endochondral ossification.

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Abdominal Expansion versus Abdominal Drawing-In Strategy on Thickness and Electromyography of Lumbar Stabilizers in People with Nonspecific Low Back Pain: A Cross-Sectional Study

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18094487 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (9) ◽

pp. 4487

Author(s):

Yi-Liang Kuo ◽

Chieh-Yu Kao ◽

Yi-Ju Tsai

Keyword(s):

Low Back Pain ◽

Back Pain ◽

Abdominal Wall ◽

Emg Activity ◽

Abdominal Muscles ◽

Low Back ◽

Clinical Practices ◽

Lumbar Multifidus ◽

Lateral Abdominal Wall ◽

Lumbar Stabilization

The abdominal expansion (AE) strategy, involving eccentric contraction of the abdominal muscles, has been increasingly used in clinical practices; however, its effects have not been rigorously investigated. This study aimed to investigate the immediate effects of the AE versus abdominal drawing-in (AD) strategy on lumbar stabilization muscles in people with nonspecific low back pain (LBP). Thirty adults with nonspecific LBP performed the AE, AD, and natural breathing (NB) strategies in three different body positions. Ultrasonography and surface electromyography (EMG) were, respectively, used to measure the thickness and activity of the lumbar multifidus and lateral abdominal wall muscles. The AE and AD strategies showed similar effects, producing higher EMG activity in the lumbar multifidus and lateral abdominal wall muscles when compared with the NB strategy. All muscles showed higher EMG activity in the quiet and single leg standing positions than in the lying position. Although the AE and AD strategies had similar effects on the thickness change of the lumbar multifidus muscle, the results of thickness changes of the lateral abdominal muscles were relatively inconsistent. The AE strategy may be used as an alternative method to facilitate co-contraction of lumbar stabilization muscles and improve spinal stability in people with nonspecific LBP.

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Biological Response to Wollastonite Doped α-Tricalcium Phosphate Implants in Hard and Soft Tissues in Rats

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.396-398.7 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 396-398 ◽

pp. 7-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Ana Maria Minarelli Gaspar ◽

Sybele Saska ◽

R. García Carrodeguas ◽

A.H. De Aza ◽

P. Pena ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Connective Tissue ◽

Bone Formation ◽

Bone Tissue ◽

Tricalcium Phosphate ◽

Rattus Norvegicus ◽

Soft Tissues ◽

Subcutaneous Tissue ◽

Biological Response ◽

New Bone Formation ◽

Rat Bone

The biological response following subcutaneous and bone implantation of β-wollastonite(β-W)-doped α-tricalcium phosphate bioceramics in rats was evaluated. Tested materials were: tricalcium phosphate (TCP), consisting of a mixture of α- and β-polymorphs; TCP doped with 5 wt. % of β-W (TCP5W), composed of α-TCP as only crystalline phase; and TCP doped with 15 wt. % of β-W (TCP15), containing crystalline α-TCP and β-W. Cylinders of 2x1 mm were implanted in tibiae and backs of adult male Rattus norvegicus, Holtzman rats. After 7, 30 and 120 days, animals were sacrificed and the tissue blocks containing the implants were excised, fixed and processed for histological examination. TCP, TCP5W and TCP15W implants were biocompatible but neither bioactive nor biodegradable in rat subcutaneous tissue. They were not osteoinductive in connective tissue either. However, in rat bone tissue β-W-doped α-TCP implants (TCP5W and TCP15W) were bioactive, biodegradable and osteoconductive. The rates of biodegradation and new bone formation observed for TCP5W and TCP15W implants in rat bone tissue were greater than for non-doped TCP.

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Abdominal wall hernias

Current Surgical Guidelines ◽

10.1093/med/9780198794769.003.0054 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 529-540

Author(s):

Abdullah Jibawi ◽

Mohamed Baguneid ◽

Arnab Bhowmick

Keyword(s):

Connective Tissue ◽

Abdominal Wall ◽

Chronic Cough ◽

Incidental Finding ◽

Clinical History ◽

The Body ◽

Abdominal Pressure ◽

Ehlers Danlos Syndrome ◽

Danlos Syndrome ◽

Groin Hernias

Hernias are abnormal protrusion of an organ through a weakness/defect in the body wall that contains it. Classifications include groin hernias, ventral abdominal wall hernias (umbilical, femoral), incisional, Spigelian, and lumbar hernias. Inguinal hernias are the commonest types of abdominal wall hernias (~75%). Male are affected 15-times more frequently. Hernias are more common in smokers, patients with underlying connective tissue disorders (Ehlers Danlos Syndrome, Marfan syndrome), and patients with increased intra-abdominal pressure (obesity, heavy lifting, chronic cough, and chronic straining during defecation and urination). Hernias present as incidental finding on imaging, asymptomatic lumps, painful lumps, or incarcerated or strangulated hernias. Clinical history and examination are the mainstay of diagnosis. Most hernias are treated with surgical repair (open or laparoscopic). Conservative wait and watch policy is indicated in some cases.

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