Serotherapy of crush pneumonia

1927 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-124
Author(s):  
M. M. Nevyadomsky
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Therapeutic Effect ◽  
Pneumococcal Pneumonia ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Injection Pain ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Resolution Process ◽  
Significant Therapeutic Effect

Krner's antiplococcal serum has a significant therapeutic effect in cases of pure pneumococcal pneumonia: its mortality rate decreases dramatically, the rate of complications also decreases, the duration of the disease is reduced, the temperature falls more quickly, the patients' well-being improves the day after injection, pain and shortness of breath disappear, cough becomes smaller and pulse is less frequent, diuresis increases, the resolution process in lungs is more often accelerated, etc.

scholarly journals A Review of Brooke Army Medical Center Chaplaincy Service During the SARS-COV2 Pandemic: Implications for Service Structure and Patient Needs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaith Bauer ◽  
Joseph Sherwin ◽  
Stanley Smith ◽  
Jason Radowsky
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
End Of Life ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Primary Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Inpatient Setting ◽  
Spiritual Support ◽  
Army Medical ◽  
Brooke Army Medical

ABSTRACT Introduction We aimed to evaluate the effect of the SARS-COV2 pandemic on chaplain utilization at Brooke Army Medical Center. Our hypothesis was that multiple pandemic-related factors led to a care environment with increased mental and spiritual stress for patients and their families, leading to an increased need for adjunct services such as chaplaincy. Materials and Methods This was a single-institution retrospective chart review study that evaluated the records of 10,698 patients admitted between July 1, 2019, and January 31, 2020, or between July 1, 2020, and January 31, 2021. Our primary study outcomes included the number of chaplain consultations, the number of visits per consultation, and the time of visits between the two study cohorts. Secondary outcomes included inpatient mortality and the number of end-of-life visits. We also isolated a subgroup of patients admitted with COVID-19 and compared their outcomes with the two larger cohorts. Statistical analysis included t-test or chi-squared test, based on the variable. This study was reviewed and approved by the Brooke Army Medical Center Institutional Review Board (IRB ID C.2021.010e). Results Fewer consults were performed during the study period affected by the SARS-COV2 pandemic (4814 vs. 5884, P-value <.01). There were fewer individual visits per consult during the study period affected by the SARS-COV2 pandemic (1.44 vs. 1.64, P-value <.01), which led to fewer overall time spent per consult (37.41 vs. 41.19 minutes, P-value <.01). The 2020 cohort (without COVID-19 cases) demonstrated a higher mortality rate than the 2019 cohort (2.8% vs. 1.9%, P-value <.01). The COVID-19 diagnosis cohort demonstrated a much higher mortality rate compared to other patients in the 2020 cohort (19.3% vs. 2.8%, P-value <.01). We demonstrated the relative need for EOL consults by presenting the ratio of EOL consults to inpatient deaths. This ratio was highest for the COVID-19 diagnosis cohort (0.76) compared to the 2020 cohort (0.50) and the 2019 cohort (0.60). Conclusions This study demonstrates that factors related to the SARS-COV2 pandemic resulted in fewer chaplaincy consults in our inpatient setting. We did not find other reports of a change in the rate of chaplaincy consultation, but available reports suggest that many centers have had difficulty balancing the spiritual needs of patients with local exposure guidelines. Although fewer individual chaplain consults occurred during the SARS-COV2 pandemic, our chaplain service innovated by utilizing various phone, video, and web-based platforms to deliver spiritual support to our community. Our study also suggests that the patients most greatly affected by the pandemic have an increased need for spiritual support, especially at the end of life. Future studies in this subject should examine the effect of various types of chaplain services as they relate to the health and well-being of hospitalized patients.

Effect of lisinopril on indicators of electrocardiographic and echocardiographic studies in patients with liver cirrosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 4-8
Author(s):  
V. A. Zhmurov ◽  
◽  
Yu. S. Kuzmina ◽  
T. A. Mishchenko ◽  
Yu. A. Rogozhkina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Ace Inhibitor ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cirrhosis Of The Liver ◽  
Qtc Interval ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Basic Drugs ◽  
Siberian Federal District ◽  
Basic Therapy

Chronic diffuse liver diseases (CDLD) of various etiologies remain a serious socio-economic and clinical-epidemiological health problem. Every year more than 1 million people die from cirrhosis of the liver of various etiology all over the world. According to the results of a study by a group of authors, it was found that in the Siberian Federal District there is an unfavorable situation in terms of gastroenterological mortality, in particular, hepatological mortality. CCM is characterized by lengthening of the QT interval, electromechanical dyssynchronization, and chronotropic insufficiency. The duration of the QTc interval in the subgroup of patients with liver cirrhosis who received basic therapy and the drug lisinopril (Diroton) was (418.21 ± 2.74 ms) and was significantly lower than in the subgroup of patients receiving only basic therapy. Evaluating the parameters of transthoracic echocardiography among patients with liver cirrhosis, it was noted that during treatment with basic drugs in combination with lisinopril (Diroton), the volume of LV EDV significantly decreased (p < 0.05). The appointment of an ACE inhibitor lisinopril to patients with cirrhosis of the liver as part of complex therapy leads to an improvement in general well-being, a decrease in shortness of breath, an increase in exercise tolerance, an improvement in basic laboratory parameters, as well as an improvement in some morphometric parameters (EDV) and cardiac electrical systole.

A plain language summary of the EXPLORER-HCM study: mavacamten for obstructive hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia Burstein Waldman ◽  
Anjali Owens
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Plain Language ◽  
Clinical Trial Registration ◽  
Obstructive Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Active Substances

Mavacamten is an investigational therapy for the treatment of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), a condition where the heart muscle wall thickens, becomes stiff, and makes it harder for the heart to pump blood. In obstructive HCM (sometimes referred to as oHCM or HOCM), the thickened muscle also blocks blood flow from the heart. The EXPLORER-HCM trial compared mavacamten to placebo (a pill with no medicine/active substances) in symptomatic people with obstructive HCM who had exercise limitations and suffered from shortness of breath, tiredness, palpitations, and chest pain. The study showed that mavacamten reduced the obstruction that restricts blood flow and improved people’s symptoms, well-being, and ability to participate in daily activities. Side effects, such as irregular heartbeat, palpitations, rapid heartbeat, and heart failure, were similar for people who received mavacamten or placebo. To read the full Plain Language Summary of this article, click on the View Article button above and download the PDF. Clinical Trial Registration: NCT03470545 ( ClinicalTrials.gov )

Attitudes of Terminally Ill Cancer Patients About Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide: Predominance of Psychosocial Determinants and Beliefs Over Symptom Distress and Subsequent Survival

2002 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 2134-2141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria E. Suarez-Almazor ◽  
Catherine Newman ◽  
John Hanson ◽  
Eduardo Bruera
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Assisted Suicide ◽  
Religious Beliefs ◽  
Terminally Ill ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Terminally Ill Cancer Patients ◽  
Symptom Intensity ◽  
Loss Of Appetite ◽  
Symptomatic Distress

PURPOSE: Although euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide (PAS) are controversial issues, the views of those most affected, terminal patients, are seldom explored. Our objective was to assess whether the attitudes about euthanasia/PAS of terminally ill cancer patients were determined by their symptomatic distress. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We conducted a survey of 100 patients with terminal cancer. Statements related to the legalization of euthanasia/PAS were scored using Likert scales. We also asked patients how often they had considered ending their lives. Their responses were analyzed in relation to disease characteristics, including an assessment of symptomatic severity, sociodemographic features, general beliefs about the suffering of cancer patients, and survival. RESULTS: Most patients (69%) supported euthanasia or PAS for one or more situations. The association between these attitudes and symptoms was weak, consistent in univariate analysis only for shortness of breath. No significant associations were observed with pain, nausea, well-being, loss of appetite, depression, or subsequent survival. Agreement with euthanasia was significantly related to male sex, lack of religious beliefs, and general beliefs about the suffering of cancer patients and their families. In multivariate analysis, the only characteristics that remained statistically associated with support were the strength of religious beliefs and the perception that patients with cancer are a heavy burden on their families. Frequency of suicidal ideation was associated with poor well-being, depression, anxiety, and shortness of breath, but not with other somatic symptoms such as pain, nausea, and loss of appetite. CONCLUSION: Symptom intensity had limited impact on the attitudes about euthanasia of terminally ill cancer patients. Our findings suggest that patient views are primarily determined by psychosocial traits and beliefs, as opposed to disease severity or symptomatic distress.

Exercise, physical activity, and asthma

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helge Hebestreit ◽  
Susi Kriemler ◽  
Thomas Radtke
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Challenge Test ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Chest Tightness ◽  
Exercise Challenge ◽  
Typical History ◽  
Children With Asthma ◽  
Exercise Induced

The incidence of asthma in children varies among countries and can be estimated to range between 5% and 20%. Exercise-induced asthma (EIA) is common in patients with asthma but can also occur in some children without asthma. Typical symptoms of EIA include cough, chest tightness, and shortness of breath shortly after exercise. The pathophysiology of EIA is not completely understood, but it has been shown that airway cooling and drying with increased ventilation during exercise and airway re-warming after exercise play a pivotal role. In addition, a lack of physical activity may also contribute to EIA. Regular exercise may increase fitness and psychological well-being but may also positively influence airway inflammation in children with asthma. The diagnosis of EIA is based on the typical history and may be verified by an exercise challenge test. Every child with EIA should be able to engage in all type of physical activities.

Energy Consumption, Carbon Emission, and Well-Being in Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-318
Author(s):  
Ebenezer Adesoji Olubiyi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Coal Consumption ◽  
Human Welfare

The link among energy use, human welfare, and carbon emission has been a topical issue in the literature. In Africa, energy consumption has been on the increase owing to the production and consumption of sophisticated consumer goods and home appliances. Increased energy use triggers carbon emission that is detrimental to human welfare. This study investigates this puzzle in emerging African countries by utilizing panel vector autoregressive and system generalized method of moments (SYS-GMM) in the context of a mix of theories. The results indicate a unidirectional causality running from FUEL, COAL to per capita income (PCI). A unidirectional causality running from mortality rate (MOR) to COAL and CO2 was observed. There is a bidirectional relationship between MOR and energy use. The SYS-GMM results show that the effects of energy consumption on well-being are diverse. Increase in coal consumption reduces unemployment rate while electricity consumption reduces infant mortality rate. Fuel consumption aggravates incidence of mortality rate. CO2 reduces unemployment but worsens infant mortality rate. Electricity consumption reduces infant mortality rate. Hence, for the purpose of policy harmonization tailored toward improving well-being in the emerging economies of Africa, it is recommended that more of coal consumption and efficient use of electricity must be encouraged.

scholarly journals P0865A QUALITATIVE STUDY OF PATIENTS' PREFERENCE FOR THE TREATMENT OF ANAEMIA ASSOCIATED WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Filipa Alexandre ◽  
Antonia Morga ◽  
Kevin Marsh ◽  
Caitlin Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Oral Treatment ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Injection Pain ◽  
Primary Concern ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Self Administration ◽  
Mode Of Administration

Abstract Background and Aims Anaemia is a common complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD) that is associated with fatigue, shortness of breath, and lethargy. CKD anaemia is commonly treated with oral or intravenous (IV) iron and IV or subcutaneous (SC) erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs). The objectives of this study were to understand patients’ experiences with CKD anaemia and their preferences related to treatment. Method Qualitative 60-minute semi-structured interviews were conducted with ESA-treated adult CKD patients with anaemia, either non–dialysis-dependent (ND) or dialysis-dependent (DD), and with practicing nephrologists in France, Germany, Spain, the UK, and Japan. The patients’ interviews, appropriately tailored for ND and DD patients, comprised three sections: 1) patients’ views on the burden of the disease and its treatment; 2) discussion of vignettes describing different treatment options; and 3) non-experimental choice questions between two hypothetical treatments including mode of administration, need for iron supplement, and risk of adverse events (AEs). Results A total of 51 patients were enrolled (ND, n=6 per country except for France [n=7]; DD [haemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis], n=4 per country). Two nephrologists per country were interviewed. The most commonly reported symptoms associated with anaemia were tiredness (ND, 77%; DD, 85%) and shortness of breath (ND, 42%; DD, 30%); these two symptoms were also reported by nephrologists, who considered clinical efficacy the most important aspect of treatment. In Japan, dizziness was the most common (n=5/6, 83%) symptom among ND patients. Anaemia symptoms were reported to negatively affect different aspects of patients’ lives, including the ability to carry out daily activities (ND, 61%; DD, 65%), work (ND, 42%; DD, 50%), and exercise (ND, 26%; DD, 30%). ESA treatments were perceived to be effective in improving patients’ symptoms and quality of life. Many patients had not experienced AEs associated with treatment and were not concerned about them, however patients who had experienced gastrointestinal (GI) AEs due to oral iron were sensitive to the risk of GI effects. Out of 23 ND patients who were asked, 19 (83%) preferred an oral treatment due to the convenience of administration, and to avoid injection pain and drug storage requirements associated with SC administration. Self-administering SC ESAs was a concern among Japanese ND patients, who often had a healthcare professional administer the medication. Haemodialysis patients (n=12), who often receive IV ESAs during their dialysis sessions, were less likely to prefer oral treatments due to lack of perceived convenience. Peritoneal dialysis patients (n=8), who often receive home dialysis and SC ESAs, preferred oral treatment to avoid self-administration and storage requirements, and to make travel easier. Limitations of the study included the small number of participants and amendments to the eligibility criteria implemented during data collection, including more relaxed requirements for blood pressure, blood transfusion, and insulin use. Conclusion Patients considered the available treatment options to effectively treat CKD anaemia. Besides efficacy, patients’ primary concern was the mode of administration of their medication, rather than safety considerations.

Effects of Listening to Music on the Comfort of Chemotherapy Patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 745-762 ◽  
Author(s):  
Şebnem Bilgiç ◽  
Rengin Acaroğlu
Keyword(s):  
Intervention Group ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Outpatient Chemotherapy ◽  
Chemotherapy Patients

The symptoms of an illness that requires chemotherapy and the corresponding effects of such treatment exacerbate the pain and discomfort that patients typically experience. Listening to music may help patients cope with chemotherapy symptoms, thereby contributing to their physical ease and well-being. Seventy patients who were receiving treatment at the outpatient chemotherapy unit were invited to participate in this work. During chemotherapy sessions and the week after the sessions, the patients listened to music with headphones. The occurrence of chemotherapy symptoms such as pain, tiredness, nausea, depression, anxiety, drowsiness, lack of appetite, not feeling well, and shortness of breath in the intervention group was statistically significant after listening to music ( p < .05). Improvements in total general comfort, as well as physical, psychospiritual, and sociocultural comfort, were also statistically significant ( p < .05). These findings indicate that listening to music effectively reduces the severity of chemotherapy symptoms and enhances the comfort of patients receiving the treatment.

Bacteremic Pneumococcal Pneumonia Mortality Rate

CHEST Journal ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 103 (3) ◽  
pp. 658-660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Marrie
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Pneumococcal Pneumonia ◽  
Bacteremic Pneumococcal Pneumonia

Experiences in the Surgical Management of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms

1968 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 416-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Short ◽  
W. A. Mackey
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Bronchial Carcinoma ◽  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Abdominal Aneurysm ◽  
Abdominal Aortic ◽  
Operative Complications ◽  
Overall Mortality

From 1954 until 1967, a total of 52 patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms were referred to the University Surgical Unit and in 44 instances the aneurysm was resected. Nine patients (including one who had the aneurysm resected at a later date) were either rejected for surgery on general grounds or were explored but did not have the aneurysm resected. These cases are discussed. Out of the 44 cases undergoing aneurysmectomy, 11 died during the operation or in the first week after the operation, giving an overall mortality rate of 25 per cent. There were 13 asymptomatic aneurysms with no deaths, 16 aneurysms with symptoms indicating rapid expansion of the aneurysm with 2 deaths (mortality rate of 12.5%) and 15 aneurysms which had ruptured with 9 deaths (mortality rate of 60%). The main operative complications were haemorrhage, cardiac arrest and peripheral arterial thrombosis. Post-operative complications were respiratory insufficiency, renal insufficiency or failure, bowel ischaemia, wound infection and wound dehiscence. Of the 44 patients operated upon, 33 survived operation and left the hospital alive. Three patients have been lost to follow-up and there were 9 known late deaths due to suture-line rupture (2), coronary artery thrombosis (1), renal failure (1), pneumonia (2), embolism (1), bronchial carcinoma (1). Twenty-one patients are still alive having survived the operation for periods ranging from 6 months to 9 years. Atherosclerotic aortic aneurysms occur in elderly patients with other evidence of advanced systemic atherosclerosis. Nevertheless, these aneurysms are specifically dangerous and in the absence of surgical treatment the majority of the patients may be expected to die from rupture of the aneurysm. At the present time, in good circumstances, resection of an unruptured aortic abdominal aneurysm has an overall mortality rate of less than 10 per cent but, should surgery be deferred until the aneurysm has ruptured, the operative mortality rate is 50 per cent or more. Patients surviving operation can expect a very satisfactory restoration of physical well-being.

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