scholarly journals A Review of Veterinary Antibiotic Pollution in the Agro-Environment of Pakistan: Alarm Bells Are Ringing

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (04) ◽  
pp. 795-804
Author(s):  
Muhammad Fahad Sardar
Keyword(s):  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Antibiotic Consumption ◽  
Growth Enhancement ◽  
Veterinary Antibiotics ◽  
Awareness Campaigns ◽  
Current Consumption ◽  
Human Food Chain ◽  
Education And Awareness ◽  
Veterinary Antibiotic

Veterinary antibiotics (VAs) are widely used in Pakistan for growth enhancement, production, and in the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases in the livestock and poultry industry. Their emergence into the agro-environment began during the resource utilization of farmyard and poultry manure. However, these bioactive organic pollutants are non-degradable in the natural environment and can be uptaken by plants, eventually ending up in the human food chain. Despite the danger these antibiotics pose, unfortunately, it is an issue that still remains underreported, especially in Pakistan. As such, this review critically summarizes the current consumption, exposure pathways, strategies for controlling dissemination, and serious environmental concerns associated with VAs. Additionally, the fate of antibiotics in the dry arid climate of Pakistan is thoroughly explained along with the lack of monitoring and strict legislation in developing countries. It is reported that antibiotic consumption negatively impacts raw manure, hence suggestions such as limiting the consumption of antibiotics from the source, proper disposal of farmyard manure with effective technologies, and remediation techniques are introduced. Finally, the authors highlight the importance of farmer's education and awareness campaigns in the pollution control of antibiotics, as the problem can only be properly addressed with the cooperation of government agencies, companies, and involved stakeholders. © 2021 Friends Science Publishers

Environmental Sustainability in Nigeria: The “Awareness” Imperative

2003 ◽  
Vol 32 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 41-52
Author(s):  
Foluke Ogunleye
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Awareness Campaigns ◽  
World Conservation ◽  
The World ◽  
Education And Awareness ◽  
Stockholm Conference ◽  
Nations Environment

The practice of treating the environment with disdain has gradually become unfashionable. Yet in many developing nations, Nigeria among them, environmental education and awareness campaigns remain something regarded as unnecessary. According to Berry (1993: 158):The term “sustainable development” has become a shibboleth of governments and industries, to present a respectful image to a society that is becoming even more strident in its concern for the environment. It is a concept that was projected onto the world by the Stockholm Conference of 1972, and has been carried ever since by the United Nations Environment Programs (UNEP), the World Conservation Union (IUCN), and the World Wildlife Fund for nature (WWF) in their world conservation strategy. It has the ring of truth and worldwide acceptance, but it is poorly understood by those who use it.

INFLUENCE OF ZINC-ENRICHED ORGANIC MANURES ON THE YIELD, DRY MATTER PRODUCTION AND ZINC UPTAKE OF MAIZE

2001 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-236
Author(s):  
M. R. Latha ◽  
P. Savithri ◽  
R. Indirani ◽  
S. Kamaraj
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Biogas Slurry ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Organic Manures ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Zinc Fertilizer ◽  
The Cost

A field experiment was conducted to study the influence of zinc-enriched organic manures on a maize crop. Organic manures, namely farmyard manure, poultry manure, coir pith and biogas slurry enriched with 0, 12.5 and 25.0 kg ZnSO4 ha -1 were evaluated for their influence on dry matter production, yield and uptake of zinc in maize. The results revealed that the application of poultry manure was better compared to other sources, resulting in a 26.6% increase in yield. By resorting to the enrichment of poultry manure with zinc, it was possible to save 12.5 kg ZnSO4 ha –1, thereby saving the cost of zinc fertilizer.

A re-evaluation of teenage sunbed use following the introduction of banning legislation for under 18-year-olds

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 588-593
Author(s):  
S Menzies ◽  
S Daly ◽  
R O’Connor ◽  
A Kelly ◽  
M Fitzgerald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Education ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multifaceted Approach ◽  
The Public ◽  
Awareness Campaigns ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Education And Awareness ◽  
The Media ◽  
Sunbed Use

Abstract Background There is little information on the effectiveness of introducing age restriction legislation alone to reduce the rate of sunbed usage by teenagers. Prior to the Public Health (Sunbed) Act of 2014 prohibiting the use of sunbeds in under 18-year-olds in Ireland we reported the rate of sunbed use at 7.5%. Objectives The aim of the study was to compare the rate of sunbed usage among Irish teenagers before and after the introduction of banning legislation to determine if it had the desired effect of reducing its rate of use. Methods In a cross-sectional survey, students from the same schools as in our previous study completed an anonymous, written questionnaire pertaining to sunbed usage. Results In total, 783 questionnaires, from 13 schools across Ireland, were completed. The rate of sunbed use in the current study was 7.2%, compared to 7.5% in the pre-ban study, (P = 0.76). A higher rate of sunbed use was observed in Dublin schools and female public students. Conclusion Our study suggests that legislation alone is ineffective at reducing sunbed usage in a teenage population. A multifaceted approach is required that includes enforcement of the legislation together with targeted public education and awareness campaigns using all aspects of the media.

scholarly journals Feasibility study of veterinary antibiotic consumption in Germany - comparison of ADDs and UDDs by animal production type, antimicrobial class and indication

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roswitha Merle ◽  
Matthias Robanus ◽  
Christine Hegger-Gravenhorst ◽  
Yvonne Mollenhauer ◽  
Peter Hajek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feasibility Study ◽  
Antibiotic Consumption ◽  
Animal Production ◽  
Production Type ◽  
Veterinary Antibiotic

High-efficiency remediation of cadmium (Cd2+) from aqueous solution using poultry manure– and farmyard manure–derived biochars

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (14) ◽  
pp. 2307-2317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Idrees ◽  
Saima Batool ◽  
Qaiser Hussain ◽  
Hidayat Ullah ◽  
Mohammad Ibrahim Al-Wabel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Poultry Manure

scholarly journals Growth and yield of onion (Allium cepa L.) as influenced by application of organic and inorganic fertilizers

2012 ◽  
pp. 55-59
Author(s):  
Abdul Bari Andishmand ◽  
Mohammad Safar Noori
Keyword(s):  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizers ◽  
Organic Manures ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Organic And Inorganic Fertilizers ◽  
Bulb Yield

This study was carried out to ascertain the effects of organic manure (farmyard manure, poultry manure, and vermicompost) and chemical fertilizers NPK (nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium) on the growth and yield of onion. The research was consisting ten treatments with three replications. Different levels of nitrogen (0, 100, and 150 kg ha-1), phosphorus (0, 75, and 100 kg ha-1), potassium (0, 80, and 100 kg ha-1) fertilizers, and various rates of organic manures (20 ton ha-1 of farmyard manure, 20 t ha-1 of poultry manure and 15 t ha-1 of vermicompost) were applied to the soil at different combinations. The results of this study have shown that both inorganic fertilizers and organic manures significantly influenced all growth and yield parameters. Whereas, maximum plant height (50.50 cm) and bulb yield (30.75 t ha-1) were obtained at the combination of 20 t ha-1 farmyard manure + 150 kg ha-1 N + 100 kg ha-1 P2O5 + 100 kg ha-1 K2O. However, the minimum bulb yield (15.80 t ha-1) was observed with control where no fertilizer was applied. Therefore, application of 20 t ha-1 farmyard manure during field preparation followed by application of 150 kg ha-1 N + 100 kg ha-1 P2O5 + 100 kg ha-1 K2O can be recommended for optimal growth and maximum bulb yield of onion.

scholarly journals Water Efficient Cropping Systems for Semi-Arid Regions in Pakistan

2015 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
A. Ahmad ◽  
Z.I. Ahmed ◽  
M. Shehzad ◽  
I. Aziz ◽  
K.S. Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Cropping Patterns ◽  
Food Needs

Abstract Water scarcity and land degradation are emerging threats to global food production. The dry land regions of world are affected by climate change to a greater extent and facing food insecurity. The current pattern of food production has been estimated to be inadequate to meet demands of growing population and required around 38% increase to meet world`s food demands by 2025. Food insecurity in erosion hit dry land regions of Pakistan also demands development of resource-efficient cropping systems to meet the food needs of population growing. The research studies involved different cropping patterns such as fallow-wheat, mungbean-wheat, sorghum-wheat, fallow-lentil, mungbean-lentil, sorghum-lentil, fallow-barley, mungbean-barley and sorghum-barley. The organic amendments involved farmyard manure, NPK, poultry manure, compost and inoculation by phosphorus solubilizing microbes. The effect of cropping systems and soil amendments were evaluated at field scale in terms of water use efficiency measured in terms of economic terms. The results of the studies revealed that double cropping (mungbean-lentil and mungbean-barley) was feasible option in the dryland regions of Pakistan if integrated with the use of poultry manure as alternate environmental-friendly strategy to cut down the use of mineral fertilizers and eliminate summer fallowing.

scholarly journals ‘Killing the Tree by Cutting the Foliage Instead of Uprooting It?’ Rethinking awareness campaigns as a response to trafficking in South-West Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 50-65
Author(s):  
Peter Olayiwola
Keyword(s):  
Human Trafficking ◽  
Domestic Work ◽  
Domestic Workers ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Awareness Campaigns ◽  
South West ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
Education And Awareness ◽  
Domestic Labour

Child domestic work is one of the issues often connected with human trafficking in popular discourses. The idea of ignorant and unsuspecting parents and children being tricked into situations of trafficking for domestic labour is rife and has driven education and awareness campaigns as keys to addressing trafficking. This paper offers a critique of awareness creation as an anti-trafficking strategy. Based on an ethnographic study of child domestic work in South-West Nigeria and an analysis of secondary sources, this article reviews the ignorance assumption in trafficking discourses. It contends that the existing strategy of awareness creation, often framed to discourage migration and work, misrepresents young domestic workers and/or their parents and fails to address the issues that children and/or their parents are faced with. The paper concludes by arguing for the need to address the structural root causes of trafficking rather than simply raise awareness of individual migrants.

Community Perception of the Value of the Ecosystems of the Bons Sinais Estuary, Mozambique, Southern Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 249-263
Author(s):  
Antonio Mubango Hoguane ◽  
Rodrigues Pita Francisco ◽  
Rosa Lourenço Simbine ◽  
Humberto Silvestre Mabota
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Mangrove Ecosystem ◽  
Community Perception ◽  
Mangrove Restoration ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Awareness Campaigns ◽  
Education And Awareness ◽  
Willingness To Contribute

Understanding the community’s perceptions of, and beliefs about, the value of ecosystems and natural resources is important for designing effective environmental education and awareness campaigns and for the adoption of sustainable natural resources management. The present paper examines the perceptions of the natural resource users in the Bons Sinais Estuary and gauges their willingness to contribute to mangrove ecosystem restoration and management. 169 natural resource users, including fishermen, farmers, and forest produce users, from five villages along the Estuary (Marrubune, Gazelas, Icidua, Chuabo Dembe and Inhangome), were interviewed. The interviewees assigned high value to the estuary as a source of fish, as agricultural land and as productive forest. They considered the estuary important for provision of clean water and air and for its potential for tourism development. There were strong similarities, across the region, with regard to the value of the estuary ecosystem (0.6 Keywords: Ecosystem services, natural resource management, livelihood activities, mangrove restoration, co-management.

SCIPS

2018 ◽  
pp. 1168-1183
Author(s):  
Allan Cook ◽  
Richard Smith ◽  
Leandros Maglaras ◽  
Helge Janicke
Keyword(s):  
Experiential Learning ◽  
Cyber Security ◽  
Senior Executives ◽  
Security Issue ◽  
Industrial Control ◽  
Industrial Control Systems ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Awareness Campaigns ◽  
Education And Awareness ◽  
The Impact

The cyber threat to industrial control systems is an acknowledged security issue, but a qualified dataset to quantify the risk remains largely unavailable. Senior executives of facilities that operate these systems face competing requirements for investment budgets, but without an understanding of the nature of the threat, cyber security may not be a high priority. Education and awareness campaigns are established methods of raising the profile of security issues with stakeholders, but traditional techniques typically deliver generic messages to wide audiences, rather than tailoring the communications to those who understand the impact of organisational risks. This paper explores the use of experiential learning through serious games for senior executives, to develop mental models within which participants can frame the nature of the threat, thereby raising their cyber security awareness, and increasing their motivation to address the issue.

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