scholarly journals Clarifying the concept of social capital through its three perspectives: individualistic, communitarian and macrosocial

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matías Membiela-Pollán ◽  
José Atilano Pena-López
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Collective Action ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Social Perspective ◽  
Community Resource ◽  
General Trust ◽  
Norms And Values ◽  
The Social ◽  
Civic Mindedness ◽  
Shared Norms

The concept of social capital has received increasing attention in recent years. The complexity and multidimensionality that accompany the variable of social capital have caused confusion and ambiguity. This article presents a synthesis of social capital in three perspectives. From the individualistic or micro-social perspective, social capital is an "individual resource" that consists of the networks of relations of the focal subject that bring it a set of instrumental and expressive resources. For the communitarian or meso-social perspective, social capital is a "community resource" or set of attributes and properties present in the social structure (shared norms and values, private trust, closure ...) that facilitate its functioning and collective action. Finally, for the macrosocial perspective, social capital is a "macrosocial and macroinstitutional resource" resting on aspects such as civic-mindedness, general trust and social cohesion, which favors the functioning of the economy and society in general.

Palestinian Protests

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 19-40
Author(s):  
Dana El Kurd
Keyword(s):  
Collective Action ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Palestinian Authority ◽  
The Social ◽  
Traditional Institutions ◽  
The Creation ◽  
East Jerusalem

This paper argues that both the institutions and the social cohesion of Palestinians in Jerusalem were dealt a heavy blow following the creation of the Palestinian Authority in 1994. The Palestinian Authority increasingly demobilized Palestinians within Jerusalem and eroded traditional institutions. Nevertheless, the Israeli occupation’s intention to repress Jerusalemites by shutting down their organizations has inadvertently opened up new opportunities for collective action. Since then, Jerusalemites have begun reviving traditional institutions and working to address Israeli policies. This article incorporates new quantitative and qualitative data on the most recent waves of protest to make the argument that social cohesion is crucial to understanding protest capacity in East Jerusalem today.

scholarly journals SOCIAL COHESION AS A CATEGORY OF STATE POLICY: SPECIFICS OF CONSTRUSTION IN THE UKRAINIAN LEGISLATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (49) ◽  
Author(s):  
Олександра Дейнеко
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
State Policy ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Sociological Analysis ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
The Social ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Societal Level

The article is dedicated to the sociological analysis of social cohesion construction as a category of state policy. Analyzing the content of Ukraine's sustainable development goals until 2030 and the State Strategy for Regional Development for 2021-2027, the author summarizes the need to determine at the level of legal norms the social capital measurement as a component of social cohesion at the societal level.

Collective values

2019 ◽  
pp. 131-148
Author(s):  
Paul Spicker
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Collective Action ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Family Values ◽  
The Political ◽  
Collective Actions ◽  
A Value ◽  
Cultural Life ◽  
Political Left

Thinking about issues collectively changes the meaning of key values, such as liberty, equality and solidarity. Collective action is often seen as a value in itself; ideas of cooperation, social capital, solidarity and social cohesion are morally approved. The processes that lead people to act together, such as identity, reciprocity, loyalty and solidarity, are all valued in their own right. And various collective actions, such as participation in cultural life, family values and defence, are seen as desirable. These are not necessarily the values of the political left.

Neighbourhood Social Capital: Does an Urban Gentry Help? Some Stories of Defining Shared Interests, Collective Action and Mutual Support

2002 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 106-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Talja Blokland
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Collective Action ◽  
New England ◽  
Critical Mass ◽  
Race And Class ◽  
The Social ◽  
Urban Elite ◽  
Individual Asset ◽  
Human And Social Capital

In European and American cities alike, politicians and policymakers have developed a strong believe in ‘mixture’. They believe that mixed neighbourhoods have the critical mass of an urban middle class whose economic, human and social capital benefits the whole neighbourhood. If middle classes have the social network contacts to access politicians and policymakers in ways that residents without such contact cannot, is it enough for the poor simply to rub shoulders in the same neighbourhood with the better-off? Does such social capital as individual asset become available to all? Or do the social networks within the neighbourhood, across the lines of class and race, need certain characteristics as meant by Putnam and Coleman for Portes’ and Bourdieu's social capital to become transferable? This paper discusses these questions through a case study in a mixed neighbourhood in a New England college town. The case study suggests that the help of an urban gentry in collective action might depend on how inclusively and fluidly such a gentry defines ‘shared interests’, how power relations determine what ‘collective’ in collective action means, and how difficulties to speak with those the gentry might want to speak for can be overcome. For residents with limited resources, the case suggests that whether or not they can use an urban elite in their neighbourhood to access new resources depends on the quality and nature of informal rather than institutional relationships, and on specific characteristics of reciprocity and mutuality of neighbourhood networks across race and class.

scholarly journals Social Capital Function of Community of Tuban Literacy for Collective Action Building Cultural Literacy in Tuban District

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Afdolu Nasikin
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Collective Action ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Cultural Literacy ◽  
Low Literacy ◽  
The Social ◽  
Reading Culture ◽  
Action Process ◽  
Youth Community

The low literacy culture is a problem that should be our responsibility. Thus, the solution is not only based on formal education, but also paying attention to environmental factors. Because the environment is one of the factors that influence society's habits or interests. So literacy-based social movements should be considered. This study aims to examine the social capital in community of Tuban Literacy and its function to collective action taken to build a youth reading culture in Tuban district. This research takes case study to community of Tuban Literacy. Community Tuban Literacy is a youth community that is engaged to cultivate youth literacy culture in Tuban district. The methodology used in this study is qualitative design with data collection method through observations and in-depth interviews that aim to obtain specific data related to social capital and collective action process undertaken by community Tuban Literacy. Based on the analysis, the social capital of community of Tuban Literacy has a significant effect on collective action. The collective action in the form of activities is Lapak Baca, Tadarus Books, Nggacor sak mbledose, Tour to School, Writing Competition, Cangkruk'an Literacy, Ngamen Literacy, Reading Tree, and Pesantren Literacy. These activities are able to attract teenagers to participate in every community of Tuban Literacy activity. The average ability of young people to read in the community of Tuban Literacy is at the level of literacy. Thus, the output produced is a lot of teenagers whose intensity of reading increases and leads to critical thinking. Keywords: Community, Social Capital, Collective Action, Literacy Culture

scholarly journals Design and Validation of an Instrument for Evaluating the Social Capital of Faculty Members

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Omid Pournik ◽  
Leila Ghalichi
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Faculty Members ◽  
Willingness To Participate ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Expert Opinions ◽  
The Social

Background: Social capital refers to the degree and quality of connections in a certain community. The effect of social capital on productivity, absenteeism, and health of employees is reported by studies conducted in a variety of work environments. Objectives: The current study aimed to, firstly, provide a better understanding of social capital conceptualized by the faculty members in Iran and, secondly, developing an instrument for its evaluation. Methods: In this mixed-method study, initially, a search was performed to identify relevant literature for determinants of social capital at the workplace. Then, a semi-structured interview was performed with faculty members and experts. Afterward, a group of experts evaluated the obtained list of subscales and commented on the degree of relevance, importance, and grouping. Then, the questionnaire was developed based on the finalized list of determinants and expert opinions. Ten faculty members evaluated the questionnaire, comprised of 38 items, and after obtaining their approval, the questionnaire was completed by 32 faculty members from different universities. Results: Identified determinants were categorized into five categories of ability and tendency to participate in workplace activities, trust in the workplace, social cohesion, access to information, and participation in groups and networks. Exploratory factor analysis revealed a structure corresponding to the theoretical dimensions previously extracted, and Cronbach’s alpha ranged from 0.724 to 0.959. Conclusions: According to our findings, the social capital of faculty members can be evaluated by measuring ability and willingness to participate in workplace activities, trust and social cohesion in the workplace, access to workplace information, and membership in work-related groups and networks. We also provided a 38-item questionnaire for its evaluation, with acceptable internal consistency and conformity with the theoretical constructs.

Social Capital and Irrigation Water Management in Kafr al-Sheikh and Fayoum since the 1970s

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalia M. Gouda
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Collective Action ◽  
Social Control ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Irrigation Water Management ◽  
Water Users ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Village

This chapter identifies and describes the conditions of the village and institutional fields since the 1970s in the case study areas in Kafr al-Sheikh (KSH) and Fayoum, which were influenced by the socioeconomic, institutional, and technological changes discussed in the literature. It examines the impact of these changes on the village field interactions, and thus the formation of collective action and the exercise of social control, and the extent to which these changes affected the irrigation water management (IWM) field. This chapter is divided into two sections. The first examines the changes that have affected the village field actors and their ability to exercise the social capital functions, social control and collective action, as well as changes to the main social relationships in the village field. The second analyzes the formation and functioning of water users' organizations in KSH and Fayoum on the mesqa and branch canal levels. It considers the impact of changes on the autonomy of the IWM field and the extent to which the village field influences irrigation water management in both governorates.

scholarly journals Association Between Community Social Capital and Suicide Mortality in Rural Areas of Japan: An Evaluation of Temporal Changes

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-169
Author(s):  
Naomi Kozaka ◽  
Yoshiki Kuroda
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Older People ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Social Participation ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Temporal Changes ◽  
Suicide Mortality ◽  
Confounding Factors ◽  
Male Suicide ◽  
The Social

Background: Although previous studies have reported that suicide mortality was associated with social capital, the relation between social capital and suicide mortality has remained controversial. Thus, we evaluated the relation between social capital and suicide mortality in rural areas of Japan, and examined the association between temporal changes in social capital and suicide mortality over the last ten years. Methods: We examined the Standardized Mortality Ratio (SMR) for suicide for 26 municipalities of Miyazaki Prefecture and used the data to calculate the average suicide SMRs for two five-year periods: an earlier period, 2004–2008; and a later period, 2012–2016. Social capital (social cohesion and social participation of older people) was measured using information from questionnaire surveys. A multiple linear regression analysis of suicide SMR was conducted for each social capital variable, adjusting for potential confounding factors (population density, the proportion of older people, annual divorce rate, unemployment rate, and proportion of workers engaged in primary industries). Results: We demonstrated that male suicide SMR for the earlier period was significantly and positively associated with social cohesion after the adjustment of confounding factors. Temporal changes in male suicide SMRs were significantly and negatively associated with temporal changes in the social participation of older people in the adjusted model. No association was found for female suicide SMRs in either period. Conclusion: The present findings suggest that the social participation of older people might reduce suicide among males.

scholarly journals Determinant Factors of Social Cohesion and Inclusion of Street Vendors in Jakarta: Key Factor Surviving During Covid-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Beti Nurbaiti
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Measurement Model ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Transfer Of Knowledge ◽  
Street Vendors ◽  
The Social ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Difficult Times ◽  
Depth Interviews

This study aims to analyze the determinants of one of the sub-dimensions of social capital, namely social cohesion and inclusion on street vendors (PKL) in DKI Jakarta, most of whom are migrants. The study was conducted using primary data from a survey of the masterplan PKL study in DKI Jakarta in 2021 in 5 municipal areas, namely North Jakarta, West Jakarta, Central Jakarta, South Jakarta, and East Jakarta. The survey was conducted on 1409 street vendors. The method used is quantitative using a questionnaire instrument, which is equipped with in-depth interviews. The results showed that during the pandemic, all street vendors experienced a decrease in turnover, income, and profits and needed to adjust their household expenses to survive. During difficult times, they rely on social capital in the form of social cohesion and inclusion, helping each other in terms of business development, business capital support, transfer of knowledge, and trade skills knowledge. This is supported by the results of the social cohesion and inclusion variable measurement model test that has been carried out.

Building an inclusive community through social capital: the role of volunteering in reaching those on the edge of community

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Bonham
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Salvation Army ◽  
Norms And Values ◽  
Community Programmes ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Shared Norms

This chapter examines the role of volunteers in bringing those on the edge of community into their social networks. Social capital is a multifaceted concept that can be useful for thinking about civil society. Generally speaking, social capital starts from the viewpoint that relationships matter: social networks are a way of creating cohesive communities that have shared norms and values, and fostering cooperation within and between groups. Using the lens of social capital, the chapter demonstrates how volunteering can build inclusive communities. It also considers whether volunteering has a transformational effect on both volunteers and beneficiaries and society as a whole by looking at volunteer-involving community programmes run by the Salvation Army in the UK.

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