Research on the Promotion Path of Collaborative Emergency Response Capability of Smoke-Free Cities in the Digital Age

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 5230-5245
Author(s):  
Qian Yuhao ◽  
Chen Junshi ◽  
Wang Chen ◽  
Liu Chen

In recent years, major public safety incidents occur frequently in smoke-free cities. Under the complex and severe situation, the emergency preparedness capacity of smoke-free cities in China needs to be improved. In this paper, 50 fire emergency plans in smoke-free City F are taken as samples, and the qualitative comparative analysis method of clear set (csqca) is applied to explore the improvement path of emergency preparedness ability. Three influence paths are obtained to improve the emergency preparedness ability, which are information resource integration mode, business collaboration pre control mode and system route mode. The results provide reference for improving the effectiveness of pre disaster prevention, enhance the emergency preparedness capacity of smoke-free cities and improving the effect of emergency management.

Author(s):  
Peter D Hurd ◽  
Stephenie Lukas ◽  
Ardis Hanson

Pharmacists, and pharmacy students, normally have a limited exposure to the principles and structures of emergency management necessary to help coordinate effective and rapid responses. However, pharmacists’ work in disaster preparedness has taken many focuses. Community pharmacists develop emergency preparedness manuals, organize health-system pharmacy teams to respond to terrorism attacks, and identify essential actions for effective emergency response. This chapter focuses on the US health care system and emergency preparedness within its borders, starting with basic terminology and concepts and then moving onto the key components of U.S. National Response Frameworks and the role of pharmacists in the Frameworks and larger emergency preparedness and planning efforts.


2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-305
Author(s):  
Rennie W. Ferguson, DrPH, MHS ◽  
Daniel J. Barnett, MD, MPH ◽  
Ryan David Kennedy, PhD ◽  
Tara Kirk Sell, PhD, MA ◽  
Jessica S. Wieder ◽  
...  

Introduction: Community assessments to measure emergency preparedness can inform policies, planning, and communication to the public to improve readiness and response if an emergency was to occur. Public health and emergency management officials need an effective assessment tool to measure community preparedness for a radiological emergency. Methods: The authors created a survey instrument to collect data on household radiological emergency preparedness that could be implemented using the Community Assessment for Public Health Emergency Response (CASPER) methodology, developed by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. To inform the development of the tool, the authors examined existing CASPER surveys, focusing on identifying best practices for creating a survey instrument, as well as analyzing the results of a survey of radiation preparedness experts and state/local health and emergency management officials. Results: The developed survey tool includes 32 questions covering four domains: communication in an emergency, preparedness planning, physical/behavioral health, and demographics. The instrument captures information related to identified barriers in communicating in a radiological emergency as well as self-reported behaviors that could potentially be influenced through awareness and education.Discussion: Using the proposed survey instrument and following the existing rapid assessment methodology provided by CASPER, public health and emergency management agencies can collect valuable information on the radiation preparedness needs of their communities, which can then be used to improve household readiness for an emergency.


2005 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Randall Mynard ◽  
Gordon N. Keating, PhD ◽  
Paul M. Rich, PhD

The May 2000 Cerro Grande wildfire swept through Los Alamos, New Mexico, forcing evacuation of Los Alamos National Laboratory and the communities of Los Alamos and White Rock. Use of geographic information system (GIS) technology for emergency response and post-fire mitigation provided valuable lessons about institutional operations, working relationships, and emergency preparedness. These lessons include the importance of: 1) GIS as an integrating framework for hazard assessment; 2) having a strong GIS capability in place; 3) coordinated emergency plans among GIS facilities; 4) reliable methods for locating and informing evacuated employees; 5) GIS data that are complete, backed up, and available during an emergency; 6) adaptation of GIS to emergency circumstances; 7) coordination within the GIS community; 8) integration of GIS into institutional operations; and 9) centralized data and metadata.


2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Wei-Ning Wu ◽  
Kaiju Chang ◽  
Yi-En Tso

Emergency management typically consists of four phases: mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery. Citizen participation is recognized as key to these four phases, and local governments are responsible for promoting authentic citizen participation in all phases. Many studies have asserted the importance of citizen participation in improving the capabilities of community-based emergency response and recovery, yet studies on citizen activities and participation in the pre-disaster process are relatively limited. In practice, increasing citizen preparedness for disasters has presented a challenge to local emergency management agencies. In Taiwan, the approaches employed by local emergency management agencies for mobilizing citizens to participate in emergency management activities are often considered in isolation from their other administrative duties. To fill this gap, this study examines factors for mobilizing citizens in disaster exercises from the perspective of local fire branch heads. Using survey data collected from Southern Taiwan in 2013, we found that the capacity of local fire branches to provide emergency communications and information delivery, as well as pre-disaster risk assessment and alert systems, is critical for enhancing citizen participation in the local emergency preparedness process. 应急管理通常包括四个阶段:减灾、准备、响应和恢复。公民参与被认为对这四个阶段都很关键,而地方政府有责任在所有阶段都推动真正的公民参与。许多研究都指出了公民参与在提高社区应急响应和灾后重建能力的重要性,但是有关灾前过程中公民活动和参与的研究却相对较少。在实践中,增强公民应对灾害的就绪度,是地方应急管理部门面临的一大挑战。台湾地方应急管理部门动员公民参与应急管理活动的方式,通常被认为同其他行政职责是相割裂的。为了填补这项空白,本研究从地方消防部门主管的角度,考察了在灾害演练中动员公民的影响因素。使用2013年在台南收集的调查数据,我们发现地方消防部门提供应急沟通与信息传递的能力,以及灾前风险评估和预警系统,是地方应急就绪过程中促进公民参与的关键因素。 재난 관리는 일반적으로 완화, 예방, 대응 그리고 회복의 네 단계로 구성된다. 시민참여는 이러한 네 단계의 핵심으로 인식되며, 지방 정부는 모든 단계에서 진정한 시민 참여 증진에 관한 책임이 있다.  많은 선행 연구가 공동체 기반의 재난 대응과 회복 능력을 개선하기 위하여 시민 참여가 가지는 중요성을 역설하였지만,  재난 이전 단계에서의 시민 활공과 참여에 관한 연구는 제한적이었다. 실무에서의 재난에 관한 시민 예방 증진은 지방 재난 관리 부처에 과제를 제공해 왔다. 대만에서의 지방 재난 관리 부처의 재난 관리 활동에 시민 참여 활성화 방안은 기타의 행정 의무와 별개로 고려되어 왔다. 이러한 선행연구의 공백을 메우기 위하여 본 연구는 지방 소방서장의 관점에서 재난 관리에 시민 참여를 활성화하는 요인을 연구하였다. 본 연구는 2013년 남부 대만에서 수집된 서베이 자료를 이용하여 지방 소방서의 재난 커뮤니케이션, 정보 제공, 재난 이전 리스크 평가 그리고 경보 체제를 제공하는 지방 소방서의 능력이 지방 재난 예방 과정에 시민참여를 고양하는 중요한 요인이라는 것을 확인하였다. 


2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Murti ◽  
Tesfaye Bayleyegn ◽  
Martha Stanbury ◽  
William Dana Flanders ◽  
Ellen Yard ◽  
...  

AbstractObjectivesWe examined the association between housing type and household emergency preparedness among households in Oakland County, Michigan.MethodsWe used interview data on household emergency preparedness from a cluster design survey in Oakland County, Michigan, in 2012. We compared survey-weighted frequencies of household demographics, medical conditions, and preparedness measures in single-detached homes versus multi-unit dwellings, and determined the unadjusted odds ratios (OR) and the income-level adjusted OR for each preparedness measure.ResultsHouseholds had similar demographics and medical conditions between housing types. Unadjusted ORs were statistically significant for single detached homes having a generator (11.1), back-up heat source (10.9), way to cook without utilities (5.8), carbon monoxide (CO) detector (3.8), copies of important documents (3.4), evacuation routes (3.1), and 3-day supply of water (2.5). Income level adjusted ORs remained statistically significant except for owning a CO detector.ConclusionsHouseholds in multi-unit dwellings were less likely to have certain recommended emergency plans and supplies compared to those in single detached homes. Further research is required to explore the feasibility, barriers, and alternatives for households in multi-unit dwellings in terms of complying with these measures. (Disaster Med Public Preparedness. 2014;0:1–8)


2014 ◽  
Vol 962-965 ◽  
pp. 1823-1826
Author(s):  
Li Wei Liu ◽  
Er Dong Zhao ◽  
Ning An

Being a complex industry, the importance of safety of nuclear power industry has been emphasized and the security in its development process has become an issue of concern and controversy. Once there has any serious safety accidents in nuclear power industry, the consequences will be difficult to restore. Therefore, the emergency management of nuclear power has an important significance. Based on the review of application of information technology in nuclear power emergency management in the world, this paper initially puts forward a comprehensive Web-based information management model for nuclear emergency according to the classic four phases of emergency management which are prevention and emergency preparedness, monitoring and early warning, emergency response and rescue, post-recovery and reconstruction.


2021 ◽  
Vol 10.47389/36 (36.3) ◽  
pp. 69-77
Author(s):  
Marjan Leneman ◽  
Eva Jordans ◽  
Katinka de Balogh de Balogh

Despite the institutionalisation of volcanic eruption early warning and response systems, casualties are still seen among local farmers who are reluctant to evacuate. Farmers may also prematurely return to their farms to save livelihoods and take care of animals. Case studies and media reports show the importance of understanding the cultural beliefs of residents when developing emergency plans. By reviewing literature from different scientific disciplines in relation to volcanic eruptions and livestock emergency preparedness, differences can be identified in the underlying risk and control paradigms, including the meaning given to volcanoes and livestock. Concurrently, livestock emergency preparedness approaches fall short of people-orientation. Using selected studies that consider these aspects, a people-centred and culture-sensitive framework to improve local learning and participation in emergency preparedness is offered. With disaster events becoming more frequent, participatory learning is useful to strengthen emergency management and preparedness programs.


Author(s):  
Jocelyn J. Herstein ◽  
Michelle M. Schwedhelm ◽  
Angela Vasa ◽  
Paul D. Biddinger ◽  
Angela L. Hewlett

Abstract Emergency preparedness programs have evolved over the last several decades as communities have responded to natural, intentional, and accidental disasters. This evolution has resulted in a comprehensive all-hazards approach centered around 4 fundamental phases spanning the entire disaster life cycle: mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery. Increasing frequency of outbreaks and epidemics of emerging and reemerging infectious diseases in the last decade has emphasized the significance of healthcare emergency preparedness programs, but the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has tested healthcare facilities’ emergency plans and exposed vulnerabilities in healthcare emergency preparedness on a scale unexperienced in recent history. We review the 4 phases of emergency management and explore the lessons to be learned from recent events in enhancing health systems capabilities and capacities to mitigate, prepare for, respond to, and recover from biological threats or events, whether it be a pandemic or a single case of an unknown infectious disease. A recurring cycle of assessing, planning, training, exercising, and revising is vital to maintaining healthcare system preparedness, even in absence of an immediate, high probability threat. Healthcare epidemiologists and infection preventionists must play a pivotal role in incorporating lessons learned from the pandemic into emergency preparedness programs and building more robust preparedness plans.


2021 ◽  
Vol 252 ◽  
pp. 01005
Author(s):  
Chen Weihua ◽  
Shan Renzhong ◽  
Bai Cuifen ◽  
Zhang Youdong

In order to prevent power system disasters and improve power system emergency response capability, the theoretical basis of integration power system disaster prevention and emergency response into social disaster prevention and emergency response was studied. Based on the statistical summary of power system disasters and emergency treatment, the necessity and feasibility of integration power disaster prevention and emergency response into social disaster prevention and emergency response was analyzed. And the mode of integration power disaster prevention and emergency response into social disaster prevention and emergency response was discussed, including weak contact mode, integration mode, unified coordination mode, etc. Then, the path map of integration power disaster prevention and emergency response into social disaster prevention and emergency response was constructed. The research shows that integration of power disaster prevention and emergency response into social disaster prevention and emergency response can realize the prevention and early control of electronic system disasters through data sharing and action coordination, so as to improve the level of power disaster prevention and emergency response.


2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 212-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Onukem

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to review the vulnerability and challenges faced by Canadian pet owners in times of disaster and evaluate emergency preparedness measures put in place to address the identified issues. Design/methodology/approach Emergency preparedness strategies from different countries were identified to weigh against Canada’s state of preparedness. Findings Pet/animal owners without emergency plans for their animals are more vulnerable than non-pet owners when they need to flee from disaster; and as Canada faces disaster challenges, proactive preparedness in emergency demands awareness, cooperation and commitment from everyone –governments, corporations, community groups and individuals become a necessity. Originality/value Based on the identified need, the paper reviews strategies that engages pet owners in preparing for emergency in order to keep individuals and their communities safe. This paper will be beneficial to policy makers, researchers, health educators, scholars and emergency management professionals that read the journal.


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