Hydrogeochemical Investigation of Elevated Arsenic Based on Entropy Modeling, in the Aquifers of District Sanghar, Sindh, Pakistan

Arsenic (As) contamination in drinking groundwater is a common environmental problem in Pakistan. Therefore, sixty-one groundwater samples were collected from various groundwater sources in District Sanghar, Sindh province, Pakistan, to understand the geochemical behavior of elevated As in groundwater. Statistical summary showed the cations and anions abundance in decreasing order of Na+ > Ca2+ > Mg2+ > K+, and HCO3− > Cl− > SO42− > NO3−. Arsenic was found with low to high concentration levels ranging from 5 µg to 25 µg/L with a mean value of 12.9 µg/L. A major water type of groundwater samples was mixed with NaCl and CaHCO3 type, interpreting the hydrochemical behavior of rock–water interaction. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed the mixed anthropogenic and natural sources of contamination in the study area. Moreover, rock weathering and exchange of ions controlled the hydrochemistry. Chloro-alkaline indices revealed the dominance of the reverse ion exchange mechanism in the region. The entropy water quality index (EWQI) exposed that 17 samples represent poor water, and 11 samples are not suitable for drinking.

The Development of Communication Across Timescales

How do young children learn to organize the statistics of communicative input across milliseconds and months? Developmental science has made progress in elucidating how infants learn patterns in language and how infant-directed speech is engineered to ease short-timescale processing, but less is known about how children link perceptual experiences across multiple levels of processing within an interaction (from syllables to stories) and across development. In this article, we propose that three domains of research—statistical summary, neural processing hierarchies, and neural coupling—will be fruitful in uncovering the dynamic exchange of information between children and adults, both in the moment and in aggregate. In particular, we discuss how the study of brain-to-brain and brain-to-behavior coupling between children and adults will advance the field’s understanding of how children’s neural representations become aligned with the increasingly complex statistics of communication across timescales.

Promoting Physical Activity in People with Functional Diversity through a Multiplayer Musical Game

Physical activity (PA) performed in group can slow down the decline in motor functions in people with disabilities. With this objective, Interactive Rehab Orchestra (IRO) was developed. IRO is an interactive multiplayer musical game that looks for reducing sedentary lifestyles by promoting PA. The individuals are responsible for playing the melody correctly. To do that, they must perform a movement when the on-screen avatar reaches a certain area. If the action is not performed, the melody will stop playing for a certain time interval. IRO is highly configurable, allowing the controller to be adapted to player skills. The customization of melodies and images is also possible according to the players’ preferences, which helps to enhance player engagement. In addition, a configurable color code allows identifying when to perform an action. IRO incorporates a statistical summary to assess the evolution of the user. In this way, IRO aims at encouraging PA through music to maintain/improve muscle tone and the subjects’ mobility, quantifying PA intensity, in relation to motor skills, and promoting PA so that participants can adhere to a specific program with long-term follow-up.

Implementation of the New European Bauhaus Principles as a Context for Teaching Sustainable Architecture

Due to the presentation of the European Green Deal (EGD) on 11 December 2019, it is important to introduce a new context for the education of architects corresponding to the objectives set by the European Union. These include reducing greenhouse gas emissions, increasing the energy efficiency of buildings, designing buildings in accordance with the principles of the circular economy, using renewable energy, as well as promoting ecological food and protecting biodiversity. As part of the design course Environmentally Friendly Housing Architecture, inspired by, among others, the design of the New European Bauhaus and the former Bauhaus art school, both of which are compared in the first part of this article, we identify a number of new, assessed design indicators related to the achievement of the above objectives, in line with the trend of sustainable architecture. The indicators are divided into four main categories: energy, environment, indoor climate, and society, where, for example, the environmental category includes the following criteria: embodied energy (MJ/m2), embodied carbon footprint (CO2eq/m2), use of rainwater and gray water (% of demand), use of mains water (% of demand), local production of vegetables and fruit (% of demand). During the design process, changes were made to achieve better indicators, and the final designs were described using radar charts. The paper presents a statistical summary of the achieved values for individual indicators, the progress achieved, exemplary design solutions, and the assessment of the methodology used. The design course Environmentally Friendly Housing Architecture was assessed by the participants by means of a questionnaire.

Living (and) Physical Systems

The view of living systems is applied to physical systems. The statistical, summary approach is replacedby the biological approach whenever an object is granted its motivation. Make other lights so as toobtain basic physical quantities…

Research on Power System Control Based on Emergency Response

In order to prevent power system disasters and improve power system emergency response capability, the theoretical basis of integration power system disaster prevention and emergency response into social disaster prevention and emergency response was studied. Based on the statistical summary of power system disasters and emergency treatment, the necessity and feasibility of integration power disaster prevention and emergency response into social disaster prevention and emergency response was analyzed. And the mode of integration power disaster prevention and emergency response into social disaster prevention and emergency response was discussed, including weak contact mode, integration mode, unified coordination mode, etc. Then, the path map of integration power disaster prevention and emergency response into social disaster prevention and emergency response was constructed. The research shows that integration of power disaster prevention and emergency response into social disaster prevention and emergency response can realize the prevention and early control of electronic system disasters through data sharing and action coordination, so as to improve the level of power disaster prevention and emergency response.

‘Change-of-State’ in the History of Cartography

Five static graphic strategies support the transition from one spatial pattern to another. Chess maps, as a telling sequence of instantaneous views, use a common geographic framework to narrate a geographic story. By contrast, rate-of-change maps use numerical measurements to describe spatial variation in the rapidity or slowness of change. A third type, the dance map, mimics the step-by-step footwork of rehearsed choreography, analogous to the movements of troops, materiel, and intelligence in a military campaign (A highly focused dance map, the centrographic map, treats a spatial-temporal narrative as a statistical summary.) Additional strategies include flow maps and frontal maps, a military/meteorological analog. Dynamic cartography and the interactive manipulation of history maps afford new insights as well as alternative interpretations.