scholarly journals De guerreros a deportistas: cómo se adaptaron las artes marciales chinas a la modernidad

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Kai Filipiak
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Martial Arts ◽  
Traditional Culture ◽  
The Self ◽  
Social Transformations ◽  
Traditional System ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
The 19Th Century

The following article deals with the question of how Chinese martial arts as part of traditional culture survived into modern times and created a worldwide interest. The paper focuses on the process of modernization of Chinese martial arts against the background of massive social transformations in China during the 19th century. It analyzes different aspects of the self-assertion process of martial arts and points out consequences of the radical break with the traditional system.

scholarly journals The Evolution of the Ancient Way of the Warrior: From the Ancient Chronicles to the Tokugawa Period

Asian Studies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-109
Author(s):  
Maria Paola CULEDDU
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Martial Arts ◽  
The Political ◽  
Military Government ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
The Past ◽  
Tokugawa Period ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Military ◽  
Warrior Class

The term bushidō is widespread today and involves history, philosophy, literature, ­sociology and religion. It is commonly believed to be rooted in the ancient “way” of the bushi or samurai, the Japanese warriors who led the country until modern times. However, even in the past the bushi were seldom represented accurately. Mostly, they were depicted as the authors thought they should be, to fulfil a certain role in society and on the political scene.By taking into account some ancient and pre-modern writings, from the 8th to the 19th centuries, from the ancient chronicles of Japan, war tales, official laws, letters, to martial arts manuals and philosophical essays, and by highlighting some of the bushidō values, this article attempts to answer the questions how and why the representation of the bushi changed from the rise of the warrior class to the end of the military government in the 19th century.

Traditional Culture of the Life Support of Buryats: Genesis and Dynamics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A. Badmaev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Traditional Culture ◽  
Cultural Genesis ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Policies And Practices

Th e monograph is the fi rst ethnohistorical study devoted to the analysis of the development of the culture of life support of the Buryats during the 18th–19th centuries. Th e work considers the formation of the traditional culture of life support of the Buryats in the context of ethnoand cultural genesis, examines its development in the fi rst half of the 19th century and describes the infl uence of sedentarization policies and practices on it, traces the ways and results of its transformation in the second half of the 19th century and identifi es trends in modernization. Th e book is addressed to ethnographers, historians, cultural scientists and anyone interested in the problems of Buryat culture.

Umbilical cord and umbilical care

2021 ◽  
pp. 51-56
Author(s):  
Michael Obladen
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Wound Care ◽  
Zinc Powder ◽  
Neonatal Tetanus ◽  
Poor Countries ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Other Substances ◽  
Mussel Shells ◽  
The 19Th Century

In most human societies, ritualized and firm rules evolved for cutting the navel-string and handling the umbilical stump. These customs were not always beneficial, and contributed to umbilical infection, neonatal tetanus, and navel hernia. After prematurity, neonatal tetanus was the most frequent cause of death in poor countries up to the 19th century. It was caused by poor cord hygiene and by the age-old habit of severing the navel-string with biological products instead of man-made tools, which included palm leaves, blades of grass, mussel shells, crusts of bread, and other devices likely to be contaminated with tetanus spores. The navel-stump was covered with zinc powder, starch, oak-gall powder, grease, musk, clarified butter, and many other substances believed to protect the baby from evil, but actually creating anaerobic conditions in the umbilical wound. Care of the cord was associated with deep-rooted rituals and customs, and dangerous techniques persisted on islands well into modern times.

Where Honor is Due: Frederick Douglass as Representative Black Man

Prospects ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 177-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilson J. Moses
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Ralph Waldo Emerson ◽  
Abraham Lincoln ◽  
Frederick Douglass ◽  
The Self ◽  
Anglo Saxon ◽  
American Tradition ◽  
African American Tradition ◽  
The 19Th Century

Frederick Douglass may or may not have been the greatest African American abolitionist and orator of the 19th Century, but he was certainly the most accomplished master of self-projection. His autobiographical writings demonstrate the genius with which he seized and manipulated mainstream American symbols and values. By appropriating the Euro-American myth of the self-made man, Douglass guaranteed that his struggle would be canonized, not only within an African American tradition, but within the traditions of the mainstream as well. He manipulated the rhetoric of Anglo-Saxon manhood as skillfully as did any of his white contemporaries, including such master manipulators as Abraham Lincoln, Ralph Waldo Emerson, and Phineas T. Barnum. I mention Douglass along with these wily exemplars of American showmanship, not because I want to drag out embarrassing cliches about making heroes more human, but in order to address the truly monumental nature of Douglass's accomplishments. Douglass, like Lincoln, Emerson, and Barnum, was abundantly endowed with the spiderish craft and foxlike cunning that are often marks of self-made men.

scholarly journals Fußspuren eines gaonäischen Midrasch zu Hiob (32:11) in Samuel b. Ḥofnis neu entdecktem Fragment (CUL T-S Ar. 46.156) – Kitāb lawāzim al-Ḥukkām

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neri Yeshayahu Ariel
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Oral Traditions ◽  
Book Of Job ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Cairo Genizah ◽  
The 19Th Century

 It is well established in research that the earlier sages (“Kadmonim” as well as “Rishonim”) had a broader access to Midrash sources than in modern times, due to changes in the forms of transmission of Jewish traditions. Since the 19th century, scholars have discovered and published fragments of Midrash literature, among other genres, from various recovered sources. Similar rediscoveries have also been made by scholars regarding the Geonim from Babylonia. The Geonic Age spanned the seventh to eleventh centuries in Babylonia. Whereas the early Geonic corpus was composed of collective oral traditions, the successors of Se’adya Gaon (882–942) specialized in the composition of individual halakhic codices. Known as “late monographic works,” the judges’ duties subgenre is the adjudicational and jurisprudential climax of this monographic genre. A fragment from the Cairo Genizah (CUL T-S Ar. 46.156) seems to match what is known to us as the introduction of the almost entirely lost Kitāb lawāzim al-ḥukkām by Samuel ben Ḥofni Gaon (d. 1013). From the Midrash traditions to Job, hardly anything has survived in the sources known to us. In this paper I would like to suggest that this introduction includes several remarks that could be remnants of a lost Misdrash to the book of Job, a biblical book that left almost no Rabbinic tradition behind. With the Genizah fragment presented here, it is suggested that the Geonim either had a midrash to Job that is unknown today; alternatively, they could have created such a midrash themselves - which was not unusual at the time, as scholars have recently elaborated. A third possibility could be the combination of these two literary components: The Geonim had earlier Midrash sources on Job, which they developed further, translated into Judeo-Arabic and adapted to the contemporary Zeitgeist.

scholarly journals The alienist: madness, science and parody

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 157
Author(s):  
Dino Del Pino
Keyword(s):  
Social Control ◽  
History Of Science ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 19Th Century

The explanation of Simão Bacamarte’s personal and public dimensions introduces the diegetic scenario that aims to highlight the part played by madness as a pretext for social control. After recuperating the conditions to which senseless people submitted to in modern times, especially in France, we point to the hubris as relevant in the field of science, exemplifying it by using the intertextual link between The Alienist and Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein. During the conclusion, we aimed to show – after drawing a brief parallel between Simão and Brás Cubas – that Simão represents a parody of “the scientist”, a character that took shape with the evolution of the history of science and which was given unprecedented value after the 19th century.

scholarly journals APŠVIETIMAS KAIP ARCHITEKTŪROS MODERNUMO SIMBOLIS

2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 183-194
Author(s):  
Martynas Valevičius
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Visual Arts ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Technical Development ◽  
New Era ◽  
Artificial Lighting ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Independent Field ◽  
The 19Th Century

The paper is designed to reveal the aesthetics of artificial lighting and its influence on the architecture of the 20th century. The main topics discussed are electric lighting, which appeard in our history at the end of the 19th century, and the technical development of lighting till the middle of the 20th century. Connections of artificial lighting with visual arts, its influence on advertisement, building architecture and the whole city are analysed. An idea is proposed that although lighting by nature was purely functional, very soon it acquired symbolic ambitions to represent architecture. In modern times architects understood that lighting was both a technological development and a symbol of a new era, when there appeared an independent field of creation - lighting architecture. Santrauka Straipsnyje nagrinėjama dirbtinio apšvietimo estetika ir jos įtaka XX a. architektūrai. Išryškinta XIX a. pabaigoje atsiradusio elektrinio apšvietimo svarba ir atskleista apšvietimo techninė raida iki XX a. vidurio. Nagrinėjamos dirbtinio apšvietimo sąsajos su vizualiaisiais menais, apšvietimo įtaka reklamai, pastatų architektūrai bei visam miestui. Straipsnyje keliama idėja, kad nors apšvietimo prigimtis pradžioje buvo grynai funkcionali, ji greitai įgavo simbolinių ambicijų – reprezentuoti architektūrą. Architektai į apšvietimą žvelgė ne tik kaip į technologinę pažangą, tai buvo naują erą ženklinantis simbolis, erą, kurioje atsiranda didelės įtakos visoms kūrybinėms idėjoms turinti nauja savarankiška kūrybos sritis – šviesos architektūra.

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