scholarly journals Necrotizing erythema nodosumin lepromatous leprosy associated with mixed infection by Mycobacterium lepromatosis and Mycobacterium leprae. Case report

DEL NACIONAL ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-115
Author(s):  
Olga María Aldama Olmedo ◽  
Marcial Escobar ◽  
María Julia Martínez ◽  
Monserrat Aldama ◽  
Camila Montoya Bueno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Mixed Infection ◽  
Mycobacterium Leprae ◽  
Lepromatous Leprosy ◽  
Mycobacterium Lepromatosis

scholarly journals Diffuse lepromatous leprosy caused by dual infection of mycobacterium leprae and mycobacterium lepromatosis: A case report

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ridha Ramadina Widiatma ◽  
Hari Sukanto
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Positive Result ◽  
Nested Pcr ◽  
Mycobacterium Leprae ◽  
Foam Cells ◽  
Dual Infection ◽  
Lepromatous Leprosy ◽  
Saddle Nose ◽  
Multiple Ulcer ◽  
Mycobacterium Lepromatosis

M. lepromatosis is the dominant cause of leprosy in Mexico and it co-exists with M. leprae in endemic areas as the once elusive second cause of leprosy. A 41-year-old Madurese woman came with multiple ulcer on her legs, hands and buttock. The ulcers were described as wide and deep, covered with blackish crusts and some exudative area with irregular edges. On face, there were difusse infiltration, madarosis and saddle nose. Histopathology showed thinning of epidermis with a lot of foam cells containing BTA, including endotel and perivascular tissues. Nested PCR examination with LERF2-MLER4 primers for detecting M. leprae showed a positive result. Advanced PCR examination using LPMF2-MLER4 primers for detecting M. lepromatosis also showed a positive result. Based on the clinical, hystopathological results and PCR examination, it was consistent with diffuse lepromatous leprosy. M. lepromatosis mainly causes lepromatous leprosy and also specifically diffuse lepromatous leprosy.

scholarly journals Early Human Migrations (ca. 13,000 Years Ago) or Postcontact Europeans for the Earliest Spread of Mycobacterium leprae and Mycobacterium lepromatosis to the Americas

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Samuel Mark
Keyword(s):  
Close Association ◽  
Mycobacterium Leprae ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Lepromatous Leprosy ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Caribbean Islands ◽  
Western Mexico ◽  
Mycobacterium Lepromatosis

For over a century, it has been widely accepted that leprosy did not exist in the Americas before the arrival of Europeans. This proposition was based on a combination of historical, paleopathological, and representational studies. Further support came from molecular studies in 2005 and 2009 that four Mycobacterium leprae single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and then 16 SNP subtypes correlated with general geographic regions, suggesting the M. leprae subtypes in the Americas were consistent with European strains. Shortly thereafter, a number of studies proposed that leprosy first came to the Americas with human migrations around 12,000 or 13,000 years ago. These studies are based primarily on subsequent molecular data, especially the discovery of a new leprosy species Mycobacterium lepromatosis and its close association with diffuse lepromatous leprosy, a severe, aggressive form of lepromatous leprosy, which is most common in Mexico and the Caribbean Islands. A review of these and subsequent molecular data finds no evidence for either leprosy species in the Americas before the arrival of Europeans, and strains of both species of leprosy found in eastern Mexico, Caribbean Islands, and Brazil came from Europe while strains found in western Mexico are consistent with their arrival via direct voyages from the Philippines.

scholarly journals Diffuse Lepromatous Leprosy Due to Mycobacterium lepromatosis in Quintana Roo, Mexico

2015 ◽  
Vol 53 (11) ◽  
pp. 3695-3698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang Y. Han ◽  
Marco Quintanilla
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Leprae ◽  
Lepromatous Leprosy ◽  
Quintana Roo ◽  
Content Type ◽  
First Report ◽  
Mycobacterium Lepromatosis

A 43-year-old woman of Mayan origin from Quintana Roo, Mexico, was diagnosed with diffuse lepromatous leprosy. The etiologic bacillus was determined to beMycobacterium lepromatosisinstead ofMycobacterium leprae. This case likely represents the first report of this leprosy form and its agent in the southeastern tip of Mexico.

scholarly journals Isolation of Mycobacterium lepromatosis and Development of Molecular Diagnostic Assays to Distinguish Mycobacterium leprae and M. lepromatosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (8) ◽  
pp. e262-e269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahul Sharma ◽  
Pushpendra Singh ◽  
Rajiv C McCoy ◽  
Shannon M Lenz ◽  
Kelly Donovan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Mycobacterium Leprae ◽  
Lepromatous Leprosy ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Diagnostic Assays ◽  
Histological Sections ◽  
Mycobacterium Lepromatosis ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Abstract Background Mycobacterium leprae was thought to be the exclusive causative agent of leprosy until Mycobacterium lepromatosis was identified in a rare form of leprosy known as diffuse lepromatous leprosy (DLL). Methods We isolated M. lepromatosis from a patient with DLL and propagated it in athymic nude mouse footpads. Genomic analysis of this strain (NHDP-385) identified a unique repetitive element, RLPM, on which a specific real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay was developed. The RLPM assay, and a previously developed RLEP quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay for M. leprae, were validated as clinical diagnostic assays according to Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments guidelines. We tested DNA from archived histological sections, patient specimens from the United States, Philippines, and Mexico, and US wild armadillos. Results The limit of detection for the RLEP and RLPM assays is 30 M. leprae per specimen (0.76 bacilli per reaction; coefficient of variation, 0.65%–2.44%) and 122 M. lepromatosis per specimen (3.05 bacilli per reaction; 0.84%–2.9%), respectively. In histological sections (n = 10), 1 lepromatous leprosy (LL), 1 DLL, and 3 Lucio reactions contained M. lepromatosis; 2 LL and 2 Lucio reactions contained M. leprae; and 1 LL reaction contained both species. M. lepromatosis was detected in 3 of 218 US biopsy specimens (1.38%). All Philippines specimens (n = 180) were M. lepromatosis negative and M. leprae positive. Conversely, 15 of 47 Mexican specimens (31.91%) were positive for M. lepromatosis, 19 of 47 (40.43%) were positive for M. leprae, and 2 of 47 (4.26%) contained both organisms. All armadillos were M. lepromatosis negative. Conclusions The RLPM and RLEP assays will aid healthcare providers in the clinical diagnosis and surveillance of leprosy.

scholarly journals HTLV-1 associated myelopathy diagnosed during lepromatous leprosy reaction treatment: a case report

2010 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 465-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Grossi Araújo ◽  
Denise Utsch Gonçalves ◽  
Vandack Nobre ◽  
João Gabriel Ramos Ribas ◽  
Anna Bárbara de Freitas Carneiro-Proietti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Mycobacterium Leprae ◽  
Lepromatous Leprosy ◽  
Neurological Manifestations ◽  
Immunological Markers ◽  
Unusual Association ◽  
Human T Cell ◽  
Adequate Management

Leprosy and human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 infection are prevalent in Brazil. Coinfection by Mycobacterium leprae and HTLV-1 is reviewed and a case is reported. A 59 year-old woman was followed and HTLV-1 associated myelopathy was diagnosed during leprosy treatment. The clinical and neurological aspects of this unusual association were initially reviewed. Immunological markers and the possible prognoses due to the association of the diseases were discussed. The unexpected association of leprosy and HTLV-1 associated myelopathy may occur in endemic areas and causes difficulties in determining the correct diagnosis and adequate management of the neurological manifestations.

scholarly journals Mixed Infection of Respiratory Tract in a Dog Caused by Rhodotorula mucilaginosa and Trichosporon jirovecii: A Case Report

2017 ◽  
Vol 183 (3) ◽  
pp. 637-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata J. Biegańska ◽  
Magdalena Rzewuska ◽  
Iwona Dąbrowska ◽  
Bożena Malewska-Biel ◽  
Magdalena Ostrzeszewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Mixed Infection ◽  
Rhodotorula Mucilaginosa

Infections due to Mycobacterium leprae and Nontuberculous Mycobacteria

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael K Leonard Jr ◽  
Henry M Blumberg ◽  
Carlos Franco-Paredes
Keyword(s):  
Nontuberculous Mycobacteria ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Mycobacterium Leprae ◽  
Lepromatous Leprosy ◽  
Molecular Diagnostic ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Mycobacterial Infections ◽  
Rapidly Growing Mycobacteria ◽  
Treatment Regimens

Mycobacterium leprae infection (i.e., leprosy) is a disease that has been recognized—and often misunderstood—since ancient times. The emergence of HIV/AIDS and the development of newer culture methodologies and molecular diagnostic tools have brought about increased interest in the epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of human infections from nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). More than 140 species of NTM have been identified; approximately 50 of these may be pathogenic for humans, causing a broad spectrum of disease. This chapter covers both M. leprae and selected NTM organisms, including M. avium complex; M. kansasii; M. marinum; and rapidly growing mycobacteria such as M. chelonae, M. fortuitum, and M. abscessus. The section on leprosy encompasses subsections on diagnosis, clinical manifestations and classification, laboratory studies, treatment, and leprosy reactions. Treatments for nontuberculous mycobacteria infections are also covered. Figures include a natural history of leprosy, tuberculoid leprosy, lepromatous leprosy, and various forms of borderline leprosy, as well as type 1 and type 2 leprosy reaction. Tables include the Ridley-Jopling classification of leprosy, recommendations for treatment of leprosy, clinical characteristics and treatment of leprosy, major clinical syndromes associated with nontuberculous mycobacterial infections, diagnosing nontuberculous mycobacterial lung disease, a listing of slow and rapidly growing mycobacteria that are human pathogens, plus treatment regimens for selected nontuberculous mycobacterial infections in adults. This review contains 59 references.

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