scholarly journals MULTI TRAIT ANALYSIS REVEALS SUBSTANTIAL DIVERSITY IN PEARL MILLET [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] INBRED LINES

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 358-375
Author(s):  
Sonali Sangwan ◽  
◽  
Shikha Yashveer ◽  
Ramesh Kumar ◽  
Hemender . ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Pennisetum Glaucum ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Trait Analysis

Trait association among beta carotene content and yield attributes in recombinant inbred lines of pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.]

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
R . Naveen ◽  
P . Sumathi ◽  
N . Manivannan
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Pennisetum Glaucum ◽  
Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Carotene Content ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

Pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] is the staple diet for a vast majority of poor farmers in arid and semi-arid regions of India. An experiment was conducted at Millet Breeding Station, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore to determine the interrelationship between yield and yield component traits in 250 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) of pearl millet during summer 2015. A perusal of the results of this study showed positive significant and strong genotypic and phenotypic correlations between grain yield per plant and plant height, number of productive tillers per plant, earhead length, earhead girth, single earhead weight, single earhead grain weight, 1000- grain weight and beta carotene content. Path coefficient analysis indicated that number of productive tillers per plant and single earhead grain weight had high direct effect on grain yield per plant. High indirect effect on grain yield per plant was caused by single earhead weight via single earhead grain weight and single earhead weight, single earhead grain weight and 1000- grain weight influences grain yield per plant through moderate positive indirect effect of number via productive tillers per plant. Based on the present results, it could be concluded that number of productive tillers per plant, earhead girth, single earhead weight and single earhead grain weight could be identified as the most important traits that are associated with grain yield in pearl millet. Hence these traits can be used as selection criteria for yield improvement in pearl millet.

scholarly journals Cytology of Explants, Calli and Regenerants in Five Inbred Lines of Pearl Millet, Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R Br.

CYTOLOGIA ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
P. K. Mythili ◽  
M. V. Subba Rao ◽  
V. Manga
Keyword(s):  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Pennisetum Glaucum ◽  
Inbred Lines

scholarly journals Heterotic pools in African and Asian origin populations of pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.]

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Sudarshan Patil ◽  
K. D. Mungra ◽  
Shashibhushan Danam ◽  
Anil Kumar Vemula ◽  
Roma R. Das ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Pennisetum Glaucum ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Heterotic Groups ◽  
Asian Origin ◽  
Polymorphic Ssrs ◽  
Diallel Mating Design ◽  
Marker Group ◽  
Heterotic Pool

AbstractForty-five African or Asian origin pearl millet populations bred either in Africa or Asia were investigated to generate information on heterotic pools. They were clustered into seven groups (G1 to G7) when genotyped, using 29 highly polymorphic SSRs. Fourteen parental populations representing these seven marker-based groups were crossed in diallel mating design to generate 91 population hybrids. The hybrids evaluated at three locations in India showed mean panmictic mid-parent heterosis (PMPH) and better-parent heterosis (PBPH) for grain yield ranging from − 21.7 to 62.08% and − 32.51 to 42.99%, respectively. Higher grain yield and heterosis were observed in G2 × G6 (2462 kg ha−1, 43.2%) and G2 × G5 (2455 kg ha−1, 42.8%) marker group crosses compared to the most popular Indian open-pollinated variety (OPV) ICTP 8203. Two heterotic groups, Pearl millet Population Heterotic Pool-1 (PMPHP-1) comprising G2 populations and Pearl millet Population Heterotic Pool-2 (PMPHP-2) comprising G5 and G6 populations, were identified based on hybrid performance, heterosis and combining ability among marker group crosses. Population hybrids from two heterotic groups, PMPHP-1 × PMPHP-2 demonstrated PMPH of 14.75% and PBPH of 6.8%. Populations of PMPHP-1 had linkages with either African or Asian origin populations, whereas PMPHP-2 composed of populations originating in Africa and later bred for Asian environments. Results indicated that parental populations from the two opposite heterotic groups can be used as base populations to derive superior inbred lines to develop high yielding hybrids/cultivars.

scholarly journals Genetic divergence studies in pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L. (R.) Br.) inbred lines

2018 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruchika Bhardwaj ◽  
Tosh Garg ◽  
Ejaz A. Malik ◽  
Yogesh Vikal ◽  
R. S. Sohu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Pennisetum Glaucum ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Neighbor Joining ◽  
Dissimilarity Matrix ◽  
Ssr Primers ◽  
Genetic Dissimilarity ◽  
Group B ◽  
B Lines ◽  
Heterosis Breeding

In the present investigation genetic diversity amongst 190 pearl millet accessions viz., 95 maintainer (B line) and 95 restorer lines (R line) was analyzed using SSR markers. A total of 40 SSR primers were used for screening, out of which 34 were polymorphic. PIC value ranged from 0.002 (PSMP 2068) to 0.749 (CTM 60) with an average of 0.445. AMOVA showed greater variance represented by individuals within the group (65%) and between group (B and R lines) variance was less than35%. The neighbor-joining tree based on dissimilarity matrix of germplasm lines differentiated B from R lines into two major clusters with few exceptions of R lines grouping with B lines and vice versa. Genetic dissimilarity estimates ranged from 0.12 (RPR-22; IPC 917) to 0.85 (ICMR 10222; ICMB 97333). The maintainers ICMB 97333, RPB 6 and ICMB 92777 and restorers ICMR 10222, RPR 25, RPR 56, RPR 62 and RPR 40 were identified as most distinct and divergent which could be used as parents for heterosis breeding.

scholarly journals Constraints to Pearl Millet (Pennisetum glaucum) Production and Farmers’ Approaches to Striga hermonthica Management in Burkina Faso

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8460
Author(s):  
Armel Rouamba ◽  
Hussein Shimelis ◽  
Inoussa Drabo ◽  
Mark Laing ◽  
Prakash Gangashetty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Pennisetum Glaucum ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Striga Hermonthica ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Central Plateau ◽  
South Central

Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) is a staple food crop in Burkina Faso that is widely grown in the Sahelian and Sudano-Sahelian zones, characterised by poor soil conditions and erratic rainfall, and high temperatures. The objective of this study was to document farmers’ perceptions of the prevailing constraints affecting pearl millet production and related approaches to manage the parasitic weeds S. hermonthica. The study was conducted in the Sahel, Sudano-Sahelian zones in the North, North Central, West Central, Central Plateau, and South Central of Burkina Faso. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire and focus group discussions involving 492 participant farmers. Recurrent drought, S. hermonthica infestation, shortage of labour, lack of fertilisers, lack of cash, and the use of low-yielding varieties were the main challenges hindering pearl millet production in the study areas. The majority of the respondents (40%) ranked S. hermonthica infestation as the primary constraint affecting pearl millet production. Respondent farmers reported yield losses of up to 80% due to S. hermonthica infestation. 61.4% of the respondents in the study areas had achieved a mean pearl millet yields of <1 t/ha. Poor access and the high cost of introduced seed, and a lack of farmers preferred traits in the existing introduced pearl millet varieties were the main reasons for their low adoption, as reported by 32% of respondents. S. hermonthica management options in pearl millet production fields included moisture conservation using terraces, manual hoeing, hand weeding, use of microplots locally referred to as ‘zaï’, crop rotation and mulching. These management techniques were ineffective because they do not suppress the below ground S. hermonthica seed, and they are difficult to implement. Integrated management practices employing breeding for S. hermonthica resistant varieties with the aforementioned control measures could offer a sustainable solution for S. hermonthica management and improved pearl millet productivity in Burkina Faso.

scholarly journals Effects of Cover Crops, Compost, and Vermicompost on Strawberry Yields and Nitrogen Availability in North Carolina

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 604-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
John E. Beck ◽  
Michelle S. Schroeder-Moreno ◽  
Gina E. Fernandez ◽  
Julie M. Grossman ◽  
Nancy G. Creamer
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Pennisetum Glaucum ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Organic N ◽  
N Availability ◽  
Soil N

Summer cover crop rotations, compost, and vermicompost additions can be important strategies for transition to organic production that can provide various benefits to crop yields, nitrogen (N) availability, and overall soil health, yet are underused in strawberry (Fragaria ×ananassa) production in North Carolina. This study was aimed at evaluating six summer cover crop treatments including pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum), soybean (Glycine max), cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), pearl millet/soybean combination, pearl millet/cowpea combination, and a no cover crop control, with and without vermicompost additions for their effects on strawberry growth, yields, nutrient uptake, weeds, and soil inorganic nitrate-nitrogen and ammonium-nitrogen in a 2-year field experiment. Compost was additionally applied before seeding cover crops and preplant N fertilizer was reduced by 67% to account for organic N additions. Although all cover crops (with compost) increased soil N levels during strawberry growth compared with the no cover crop treatment, cover crops did not impact strawberry yields in the first year of the study. In the 2nd year, pearl millet cover crop treatments reduced total and marketable strawberry yields, and soybean treatments reduced marketable strawberry yields when compared with the no cover crop treatment, whereas vermicompost additions increased strawberry biomass and yields. Results from this study suggest that vermicompost additions can be important sustainable soil management strategies for transitional and certified organic strawberry production. Summer cover crops integrated with composts can provide considerable soil N, reducing fertilizer needs, but have variable responses on strawberry depending on the specific cover crop species or combination. Moreover, these practices are suitable for both organic and conventional strawberry growers and will benefit from longer-term studies that assess these practices individually and in combination and other benefits in addition to yields.

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