scholarly journals Multislice Computed Tomography Capabilities in Assessment of the Coronary Arteries Atherosclerotic Lesions

Kardiologiia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 24-31
Author(s):  
H. E. El Manaa ◽  
D. Yu. Shchekochikhin ◽  
M. S. Shabanova ◽  
A. A. Lomonosova ◽  
D. G. Gognieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Multislice Computed Tomography ◽  
Ischemic Heart ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaques ◽  
Coronary Lesion ◽  
Atherosclerotic Lesions ◽  
Coronary Events

Until today, there are no universally accepted methods for detection of unstable atherosclerotic plaques, even though many recent studies were devoted to this issue. In this article we present modern possibilities of computed tomography in visualization of atherosclerotic coronary lesion, including the detection of unstable lesions, whot in turn, can help in diagnosing subclinical exacerbation of ischemic heart disease and in the stratification of risks of acute coronary events.

scholarly journals Ischemic Heart Disease Pathophysiology Paradigms Overview: From Plaque Activation to Microvascular Dysfunction

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (21) ◽  
pp. 8118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Severino ◽  
Andrea D'Amato ◽  
Mariateresa Pucci ◽  
Fabio Infusino ◽  
Francesco Adamo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaque ◽  
Microvascular Dysfunction ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Ischemic Heart ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaques ◽  
Future Perspectives

Ischemic heart disease still represents a large burden on individuals and health care resources worldwide. By conventions, it is equated with atherosclerotic plaque due to flow-limiting obstruction in large–medium sized coronary arteries. However, clinical, angiographic and autoptic findings suggest a multifaceted pathophysiology for ischemic heart disease and just some cases are caused by severe or complicated atherosclerotic plaques. Currently there is no well-defined assessment of ischemic heart disease pathophysiology that satisfies all the observations and sometimes the underlying mechanism to everyday ischemic heart disease ward cases is misleading. In order to better examine this complicated disease and to provide future perspectives, it is important to know and analyze the pathophysiological mechanisms that underline it, because ischemic heart disease is not always determined by atherosclerotic plaque complication. Therefore, in order to have a more complete comprehension of ischemic heart disease we propose an overview of the available pathophysiological paradigms, from plaque activation to microvascular dysfunction.

Gender Differences in Non-Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Bergami ◽  
Marialuisa Scarpone ◽  
Edina Cenko ◽  
Elisa Varotti ◽  
Peter Louis Amaduzzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Ischemic Heart ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Artery Disease

: Subjects affected by ischemic heart disease with non-obstructive coronary arteries constitute a population that has received increasing attention over the past two decades. Since the first studies with coronary angiography, female patients have been reported to have non-obstructive coronary artery disease more frequently than their male counterparts, both in stable and acute clinical settings. Although traditionally considered a relatively infrequent and low-risk form of myocardial ischemia, its impact on clinical practice is undeniable, especially when it comes to infarction, where the prognosis is not as benign as previously assumed. Unfortunately, despite increasing awareness, there are still several questions left unanswered regarding diagnosis, risk stratification and treatment. The purpose of this review is to provide a state of the art and an update on current evidence available on gender differences in clinical characteristics, management and prognosis of ischemic heart disease with non-obstructive coronary arteries, both in the acute and stable clinical setting.

Interleukin-1β in Coronary Arteries of Patients With Ischemic Heart Disease

1996 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 1000-1006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Galea ◽  
Johanna Armstrong ◽  
Patricia Gadsdon ◽  
Hazel Holden ◽  
Sheila E. Francis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Ischemic Heart ◽  
Interleukin 1Β

scholarly journals Modern statin therapy in clinical practice: The lower the better

2013 ◽  
Vol 141 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 104-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edita Stokic
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
Statin Therapy ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Ischemic Heart ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Coronary Events ◽  
Risk Treatment

Lipid and lipoprotein disorders are well known risk factors for atherosclerosis and its complications. The level of atherogenic LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) is directly related to an increased risk of occurrence and progression of ischemic heart disease. Epidemiological and clinical studies have shown that the use of statin therapy to decrease LDL-C can significantly reduce the incidence of mortality, major coronary events and the need for revascularization procedures in the different groups of patients. The findings of a large meta-analysis conducted by the Cholesterol Treatment Trialists? (CTT) collaborators showed that every 1.0 mmol/l reduction of atherogenic LDL-C is associated with a 22% reduction in cardiovascular diseases mortality and morbidity. However, despite the impressive results of the benefits of statin therapy, the EUROASPIRE study showed that about 50% of patients with ischemic heart disease did not achieve target LDL-C levels. According to the new ESC/EAS Guidelines for the Management of Dyslipidaemias in patients with a very high cardiovascular risk, treatment goal should be to decrease LDL-C below 1.8 mmol/l or ?50% of initial values. In the majority of patients that can be achieved by statin therapy. For this reason an adequate choice of statins is of crucial importance, whereby the needed reduction in atherogenic LDL-C, after the identification of its target level based on the assessment of total cardiovascular risk, can be achieved.

scholarly journals Opportunistic Assessment of Ischemic Heart Disease Risk Using Abdominopelvic Computed Tomography and Medical Record Data: a Multimodal Explainable Artificial Intelligence Approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan M Zambrano Chaves ◽  
Akshay S Chaudhari ◽  
Andrew L Wentland ◽  
Arjun D Desai ◽  
Imon Banerjee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
Medical Record ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Tissue Level ◽  
Ischemic Heart ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Imaging Biomarkers

AbstractCurrent risk scores for predicting ischemic heart disease (IHD) risk—the leading cause of global mortality—have limited efficacy. While body composition (BC) imaging biomarkers derived from abdominopelvic computed tomography (CT) correlate with IHD risk, they are impractical to measure manually. Here, in a retrospective cohort of 8,197 contrast-enhanced abdominopelvic CT examinations undergoing up to 5 years of follow-up, we developed improved multimodal opportunistic risk assessment models for IHD by automatically extracting BC features from abdominal CT images and integrating these with features from each patient’s electronic medical record (EMR). Our predictive methods match and, in some cases, outperform clinical risk scores currently used in IHD risk assessment. We provide clinical interpretability of our model using a new method of determining tissue-level contributions from CT along with weightings of EMR features contributing to IHD risk. We conclude that such a multimodal approach, which automatically integrates BC biomarkers and EMR data can enhance IHD risk assessment and aid primary prevention efforts for IHD.

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