scholarly journals Effects of nutrient (NPK) supply on sugar beet response to elevated atmospheric CO2

1998 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-170
Author(s):  
J. Wolf
Keyword(s):  
Total Yield ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Nutrient Supply ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Moderate Increase ◽  
Elevated Atmospheric Co2 ◽  
Doubled Co2 Concentration ◽  
Increased Co2 Concentration ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Ambient Co2

To study interactions between nutrient supply and increased CO2 concentration in sugarbeet, plants were grown in pots for 4 months at ambient and doubled CO2 concentration and different levels of N, P or K. Doubling of ambient CO2 resulted in a moderate increase in total yield (+24%) and beet yield (+34%), however this CO2 effect disappeared with increasing nutrient shortage (in particular nitrogen). CO2 doubling did not result in significant changes in the minimum nutrient concentrations in leaves and beets.

scholarly journals Modulations in carbon and nitrogen assimilation patterns in rice plants exposed to elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (4(SI)) ◽  
pp. 1114-1125
Author(s):  
S.K. Rajkishore ◽  
◽  
P. Doraisamy ◽  
M. Maheswari ◽  
K.S. Subramanian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Co2 ◽  
Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Nitrogen Assimilation ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Current Recommendation ◽  
Elevated Atmospheric Co2 ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Rice Plants ◽  
Ambient Co2

Aim: To study the influence of elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations on the carbon and nitrogen assimilation patterns in rice plants. Methodology: Rice (Oryza sativa) plants were placed in Open Top Chambers (OTCs) and exposed to elevated levels of CO2. The treatments consisted of three levels of CO2 (398, 550 and 750 µmol mol-1) and three levels of nitrogen (0, 150 and 200 kg ha-1) and replicated five times in completely randomized design. Results: Leaf nitrogen was significantly reduced by 10.6 % and 6.5 % during later stages in rice plants exposed to CO2 @ 750 µmol mol-1 and 550 µmol mol-1, respectively over the ambient CO2. Rice plants under elevated CO2 did not exhibit any variations in Nitrate Reductase activity in leaves in comparison to ambient CO2 at tillering stage. Interestingly, NRase activity in leaves decreased at flowering stage whereas NRase activity in roots increased at same stage. The highest mean nitrogen values (0.58, 0.89 and 1.35 %) were observed in Camb (ambient CO2 concentration) and the lowest values (0.51, 0.80 and 1.27 %) in C750 in roots, straw and grains, respectively. Elevated CO2 @ 750 µmol mol-1 significantly increased the above ground biomass (straw and grain) by 15.6 and 40.1 %, respectively, over the ambient CO2 of 398 µmol mol-1. Interpretation: Elevated CO2 enhanced the grain productivity but affected the quality of rice grains. Thus, excessive nitrogen fertilization above the current recommendation is necessary for future high CO2 environments.

Responses to Ambient CO2 Concentrations by Sodium-Deficient C4 Plants

1984 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 137 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Johnston ◽  
CPL Grof ◽  
PF Brownell
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
C4 Plants ◽  
C3 Plants ◽  
Amaranthus Tricolor ◽  
Sodium Deficiency ◽  
Low Co2 ◽  
C3 Species ◽  
High Co2 Concentration ◽  
Increased Co2 Concentration ◽  
Ambient Co2

The signs of sodium deficiency in the C4 species Amaranthus tricolor and Atriplex spongiosa were alleviated when the species were grown in conditions of high CO2 concentration (1 500 �l CO2 1-1). In experiments in which A. tricolor was grown in conditions of low CO2 concentration (15 �l CO2 1-1), the signs of sodium deficiency were accentuated. The sodium-deficient plants resembled the C3 species Atriplex hastata and tomato in their response to the CO2 treatments. Growth and chlorophyll concentrations increased in both the sodium-deficient C4 plants and the C3 plants when they were grown in conditions of increased CO2 concentration. Sodium-sufficient C4 plants were relatively unaffected by the CO2 treatments.

scholarly journals Millennium time-scale experiments on climate-carbon cycle with doubled CO2 concentration

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomohiro Hajima ◽  
Akitomo Yamamoto ◽  
Michio Kawamiya ◽  
Xuanming Su ◽  
Michio Watanabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Cycle ◽  
Time Scale ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Doubled Co2 Concentration

scholarly journals Effects of Elevated CO2 and Heat on Wheat Grain Quality

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1027
Author(s):  
Xizi Wang ◽  
Fulai Liu
Keyword(s):  
Grain Quality ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Wheat Growth ◽  
Elevated Atmospheric Co2 ◽  
Huge Impact ◽  
Increasing Demand

Wheat is one of the most important staple foods in temperate regions and is in increasing demand in urbanizing and industrializing countries such as China. Enhancing yield potential to meet the population explosion around the world and maintaining grain quality in wheat plants under climate change are crucial for food security and human nutrition. Global warming resulting from greenhouse effect has led to more frequent occurrence of extreme climatic events. Elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration (eCO2) along with rising temperature has a huge impact on ecosystems, agriculture and human health. There are numerous studies investigating the eCO2 and heatwaves effects on wheat growth and productivity, and the mechanisms behind. This review outlines the state-of-the-art knowledge regarding the effects of eCO2 and heat stress, individually and combined, on grain yield and grain quality in wheat crop. Strategies to enhance the resilience of wheat to future warmer and CO2-enriched environment are discussed.

scholarly journals Normal Cyclic Variation in CO2 Concentration in Indoor Chambers Decreases Leaf Gas Exchange and Plant Growth

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 663
Author(s):  
James Bunce
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Leaf Gas Exchange ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Cyclic Variation ◽  
Indoor Exposure ◽  
Elevated Atmospheric Co2 ◽  
Gas Exchange System ◽  
Opening And Closing

Attempts to identify crop genetic material with larger growth stimulation at projected elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations are becoming more common. The probability of reductions in photosynthesis and yield caused by short-term variation in CO2 concentration within elevated CO2 treatments in the free-air CO2 enrichment plots raises the question of whether similar effects occur in glasshouse or indoor chamber experiments. These experiments were designed to test whether even the normal, modest, cyclic variation in CO2 concentration typical of indoor exposure systems have persistent impacts on photosynthesis and growth, and to explore mechanisms underlying the responses observed. Wheat, cotton, soybeans, and rice were grown from seed in indoor chambers at a mean CO2 concentration of 560 μmol mol−1, with “triangular” cyclic variation with standard deviations of either 4.5 or 18.0 μmol mol−1 measured with 0.1 s sampling periods with an open path analyzer. Photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, and above ground biomass at 20 to 23 days were reduced in all four species by the larger variation in CO2 concentration. Tests of rates of stomatal opening and closing with step changes in light and CO2, and tests of responses to square-wave cycling of CO2 were also conducted on individual leaves of these and three other species, using a leaf gas exchange system. Reduced stomatal conductance due to larger amplitude cycling of CO2 during growth occurred even in soybeans and rice, which had equal rates of opening and closing in response to step changes in CO2. The gas exchange results further indicated that reduced mean stomatal conductance was not the only cause of reduced photosynthesis in variable CO2 conditions.

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