scholarly journals Epidemiology of patients with bad cervix attending gynaecology OPD of a tertiary care centre in Western Uttar Pradesh, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 791
Author(s):  
Kriti Bhatnagar ◽  
Kalpana Baghel
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Squamous Metaplasia ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Invasive Procedure ◽  
Premalignant Lesions ◽  
Prospective Clinical Study ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Abnormal Finding

Background: Cervical cancer is one of the biggest health problems of women around the world. An estimated 4,70,000 new cases are diagnosed worldwide annually with about 80% of these being in developing countries with India contributing to about a quarter of it. Pap smear and colposcopy are two non-invasive methods for screening of cervical cancer with varying sensitivity and specificity. This study uses these along with histopathology to find out premalignant lesions in women of rural western Uttar Pradesh, India and to find their correlation with various socio-demographic features.Methods: This prospective clinical study was carried out in department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology in Muzaffarnagar Medical College from 1st January 2012 to 31st December 2014. Those patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria had their Pap smear done at first visit followed by colposcopy when cytology report was available. Colposcopically indicated biopsy was done only in those patients who had suspicious areas on colposcopy.Results: Out of total 500 women included in the study majority although having a bad cervix were having a normal pap smear (45%). LSIL and HSIL were present in 17.4% and 9.8% respectively. Squamous metaplasia was the most common abnormal finding seen in 12.2% of cases followed by acetowhite areas (7.6%). Only 137 patients who had abnormal colposcopic findings were subjected to biopsy.Conclusions: In present study it was found that increasing age, early age at coitarche and high parity are risk factors for high grade lesions. Colposcopy served as a tool to decrease the need for invasive procedure i.e biopsy.

scholarly journals Analytical study of Pap smear reports over a period of 1 year in a tertiary care centre

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 624
Author(s):  
Mehak Reyaz ◽  
Nupur Nandi ◽  
Ritika Aggarwal
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Invasive Cervical Cancer ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽  
Premalignant Lesions ◽  
Pap Smears ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre

Background: Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women. In India and other developing countries cervical cancer is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Cancer cervix continues to be most common genital carcinoma in India accounting for 80% of all female genital malignancies. Pre-invase lesions can spontaneously regress to normal or remain stable for long period or progress to a higher degree of dysplasia. Cancer of cervix is preventable if diagnosed at the pre-invasive stage with regular intervals of cytological screening by Papanicolaou (Pap) smears. The aim of the study is to analyse the pap reports in terms of normal findings, infections, premalignant lesions and invasive cancers.Methods: All women attending the outpatient department gynaecology at TMMC and RC Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh over a period of 1 year from august 2017-18 presented of obstetrics and with white discharge per vagina were screened for cervical cancer using pap smear. All the smears were reported as per the 2014 Bethesda system.Results: Out of 1392 Pap smear reports ASCUS was reported in 27 cases (2%), LSIL in 27 cases (2%), HSIL in 15 cases (1%), malignant cells in 15 cases (1%) and normal including the infection is reported in 1308 cases (94%).Conclusions: Early cervical epithelial changes can be identified by a Pap smear test, which is the primary screening test for detection of precancerous cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and the early stage of invasive cervical cancer.

scholarly journals Study on cervical cancer screening amongst nurses

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Astha Srivastava ◽  
Bindiya Gupta ◽  
Vikas Lakha ◽  
Shilpa Singh
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Knowledge Attitude And Practice

Objective: To study the knowledge, attitude and practice of nurses at tertiary centre regarding cervical cancer screening. Material and Methods: Validated questionnaire was circulated amongst staff nurses at tertiary care centre after taking informed consent. Results and Discussion: Cancer of cervix is the most common genital tract malignancy in female and it is ranked second to breast cancer. It has a positive association with HPV infection. Cervical cancer incidence and mortality have declined substantially following introduction of screening programmes. This present study investigated the knowledge, attitude and practice of nurses at GTB Hospital towards cervical cancer risk factors, sign & symptoms and screening as they are important health professionals. In our study, the results showed that 99% of respondents were aware of Pap smear as screening programme and about 60-70% were aware of HPV as positive organism, but most of them never had a Pap smear done before. Majority of them did not know VIA, VILI and colposcopy as screening techniques. Conclusion: It may thus be recommended that institutions should periodically organize seminars and training for health personnel especially the nurses which form a group of professionals that should give health education to women about cervical cancer.

scholarly journals Cell pattern abnormalities in cervical pap smear in correlation with age and demography at a Tertiary care centre.

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
Dr. N. Thamarai Selvi ◽  
◽  
Dr. Revathi Shree R ◽  
Dr. Prakashiny S. ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Care Centre ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cell Patterns

Introduction: Carcinoma Cervix is common all around the globe and ranked third amidst allmalignancies among women. The cervical mucosa undergoes morphologic variation with age andpractising cytopathologists is aware of these difference to make an accurate diagnosis. This studyaimed to detect abnormal cervical epithelial cell patterns in a rural population and compare lesionsor abnormal cell patterns among different age groups. Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional, descriptive study conducted in a tertiary care centre at the Department of Pathology over6 months. 408 women were included in the study. Data were entered in Microsoft Excel andanalyzed in SPSS software. Results: Out of 408 women included in the study, the most commonage group of the presentation was 31 to 40 years (36%), followed by 20 to 30 years (24%). NILM-Inflammatory was the most common finding (50%), followed by NILM (36%). The most commonsymptoms of presentation were Menstrual abnormalities (21%), White discharge and pruritus(18%). Findings in younger women were most commonly NILM-Inflammatory & NILM whereas in thepost-menopausal age group, ASCUS, LSIL & HSIL. Conclusion: All women above 30 years of ageshould undergo routine cervical cancer screening, and should continue screening even in theperimenopausal and postmenopausal age. Most women who visited the gynaecology OPD were notaware of cervical cancer screening. Hence the general population has to be educated about thebenefits of pap smear test through medical camps and awareness programs.

scholarly journals Colposcopic evaluation of cervix with abnormal papsmear findings: prospective analytical study at our tertiary care centre

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 2036
Author(s):  
Bhawna Verma ◽  
Radha Rastogi ◽  
Dipti Srivastava ◽  
Saroj Saharan
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Invasive Carcinoma ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Pap Test ◽  
Cancer Control ◽  
Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre

Background: Pap test has been successful in reducing the incidence of cervical cancer by 80% and mortality by 70%. Any women with a cytologic specimen suggesting the presence of HSIL on Pap smear should undergo colposcopy and dissected biopsy. Prevention of invasive cancer by early detection and treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) currently offers the most cost effective, long term strategy for cervical cancer control. The aim of study was to minimise disagreements and make colposcopy assessment quick, accurate and easy for follow-up.Methods: Prospective analytical study of 300 gynaecological patients with abdominal Pap smear findings between June 2020 to Dec 2020 at R.N.T. Medical College, Udaipur. All of them were subjected to colposcopy and dissected biopsy from the abdominal areas. The incidence of CIN/invasive carcinoma was calculated by proportion/percentage.Results: Incidence of invasive carcinoma was <1% but the incidence of premalignant lesion CIN was high (20.9%), CIN 2/3 and CIS were present in 6.9%.Conclusions: Patients with persistent inflammation pap smear can harbour high proportion of CIN and hence these patients need further evaluation through colposcopy.

scholarly journals Comparison of Pap Smear and Colposcopy in Detection of Premalignant Lesions of Cervix

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mridu Sinha ◽  
Jai Kishan Goel ◽  
Shashi Bala Arya ◽  
Jayanti Kar ◽  
Bahar Kohli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Negative Predictive Value ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Premalignant Lesions ◽  
Prospective Clinical Study ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
False Negatives ◽  
Cervical Biopsy

ABSTRACT Objective Comparison of papanicolaou (pap) smear and colposcopy in detection of premalignant lesions of cervix. Materials and methods A prospective clinical study was conducted in a tertiary care referral institute in 100 symptomatic, sexually active women of 20 to 60 years. All women were subjected to pap smear, colposcopy and cervical biopsy to confirm the diagnosis. Results Out of 49 positive on pap smear, 24 were true positives and 25 were false positives. Out of 51 negative pap smear findings, 45 were true negatives and 6 were false negatives. Thirty percent women had positive histopathology and colposcopic findings. Forty percent women had normal colposcopy with negative histopathology whereas 30% had positive colposcopic findings but negative histopathology. Nineteen percent of women with negative cytology were positive on colposcopy and histopathology. Conclusion Pap smear had a sensitivity of 80% and a specificity of 64.29% with positive predictive value of 48.98% and negative predictive value of 88.24% while sensitivity and specificity of colposcopy were 100 and 57.14% respectively and positive predictive value and negative predictive value of colposcopy were found to be 50 and 100% respectively. How to cite this article Kohli B, Arya SB, Goel JK, Sinha M, Kar J, Tapasvi I. Comparison of Pap Smear and Colposcopy in Detection of Premalignant Lesions of Cervix. J South Asian Feder Menopause Soc 2014;2(1):5-8.

scholarly journals Comparative evaluation of colposcopy, cytology and histopathology for diagnosis of cervical lesions

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 3584
Author(s):  
Rashmi Saxena ◽  
Alpana Agrawal ◽  
Neelima Agarwal ◽  
Manisha Gupta ◽  
Divya Shubham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Cervical Lesions ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Test Parameters ◽  
Chief Complaints

Background: Cervical cancer is the fourth most frequent cancer globally in women with an estimated 570,000 new cases and 311,000 deaths in 2018 representing 6.6% of all female cancers. To correlate the cytology, colposcopy and histopathology of cervical lesions in patients attending gynaecology OPD in a tertiary care centre, Ghaziabad.Methods: 208 women were enrolled from Gynaecology OPD of Santosh Medical College and Hospital, Ghaziabad, irrespective of their chief complaints. Women aged 19-80 years were included in the study group. Those with pregnancy and already diagnosed or treated with CIN, Cervical cancer or Cervical HPV infection were excluded from the study. PAP-smear was taken for all the patients followed by colposcopy without waiting for PAP-smear report. Cervical biopsy was taken from patients with abnormal colposcopic findings (90 patients).Results: Majority of women were in age group 30-39 years. 37.5% had unhealthy, 21.6% had hypertrophied cervix and only 9.1% had normal cervix. It was found that PAP -smear has a sensitivity of 33.33%, specificity of 92.59%, accuracy of 68.89%, positive predictive value of 75% and negative predictive value of 67.57%. Test parameters calculated for colposcopy revealed that it has sensitivity of 73.33%, specificity of 92%, PPV of 64.7%, NPV of 94.52% and accuracy of 88.89%.Conclusions: The results from the current study conclude that it is better to use cytology and colposcopy together as part of routine screening for cervical cancer rather than pap smear alone in order to detect maximum number of lesions.

scholarly journals Comparison of diagnostic value of visual inspection with Lugol’s iodine to conventional Paps smear in detection of colposcopic biopsy proved CIN: a tertiary care experience

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 5477
Author(s):  
Manisha Bajaj ◽  
Shamshad Ahmad ◽  
Shubha S. Trivedi
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Control Programme ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Lugol’S Iodine

Background: An organized cytological screening (Pap smear) is the mainstay for cervical cancer prevention and control programme. Financial and logistic burden of operating such a program is considerable. This has prompted the evaluation of alternative feasible techniques. It appeared from the earlier studies that visual inspection with lugol’s iodine (VILI) could be a potential alternative to cervical cytology. VILI is a low cost, easy to apply and highly sensitive technique. It gives result immediately thus allows doctors to “see and treat” at first visit. Objective of present study was to evaluate the performance of visual inspection with lugol’s iodine and its comparison with cytology in cervical cancer screening.  Methods: 400 non-pregnant reproductive age women were subjected to Paps and VILI in this prospective study done in a tertiary-care centre in Delhi. Reference standard used for all was colposcopy and colposcopic-directed biopsy (when required).Results: Of 400 Pap smears done 11.75% were normal, 77.5% inflammatory, 5.5% had ASCUS, 0.25% ASC-H, 0.5% AGUS, 2% LSIL, 1.5% HSIL and invasive cancer in 0.5%. With LSIL and above smears as significant, the sensitivity and specificity of Paps were 50% and 97.66% respectively. VILI was positive in 12.8% of cases. Sensitivity and specificity of VILI was 85.5% and 89.9% respectively. Overall accuracy of VILI in detecting pre-invasive lesion was 89.7% while with pap smear it was 96%.Conclusions: Accuracy of VILI and Pap smear in detecting pre-invasive cervical lesion was comparable. At tertiary-care centers VILI can be used effectively to screen the patients with significant lesions. Patients can be directly subjected to further treatment at the earliest thus reducing loss to follow-up.

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