Prevalence and associated factors of HIV infection among pregnant women attending antenatal care at the Yaoundé central hospital

Background: HIV infection affects millions of people worldwide, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. Transmission occurs by several means including the transmission from mother to child. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with HIV infection in women attending antenatal care at the Yaoundé Central Hospital.Methods: We conducted an analytical cross-sectional study at the Obstetrics and Gynecologic Unit of the Yaoundé Central Hospital from 6th October 2015 to 30th June 2016. The sampling was consecutive. We included 360 pregnant women. Testing was done by a sensitive test and a specific test if the first was positive. Data analysis was done through Excel 2007 software EpiData Analysis Version 3.2 and STATA version 12.0 (Texas USA 2001). Statistical significance was accepted for a value of P <0.05.Results: The average age of our population was 27.99±5.63 years, ranging from 15 and 47 years. HIV prevalence in this population was 13.1% (47/360). Factors associated with HIV were the primary level of study (OR=7.97; 95% CI=2.23 to 28.49, P=0.001) and multiple sexual partners (OR=4.82; CI 95%=2.24 to 10.38, P=0.002).Conclusions: HIV prevalence in pregnant women at the Maternity of HCY is 13.1%. The low level of education and multiple sexual partners were significantly associated with HIV infection. We suggest the education of the girls who is a key factor in the empowerment of women.

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Utilization of deworming medication and its associated factors among pregnant married women in 26 sub-Saharan African countries: a multi-country analysis

Tropical Medicine and Health ◽

10.1186/s41182-021-00343-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 49 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Betregiorgis Zegeye ◽

Mpho Keetile ◽

Bright Opoku Ahinkorah ◽

Edward Kwabena Ameyaw ◽

Abdul-Aziz Seidu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antenatal Care ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Married Women ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Demographic And Health Surveys ◽

African Countries ◽

Related Factors ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Software Analysis ◽

Sub Saharan

Abstract Background Deworming is one of the strategies to reduce the burden of anemia among pregnant women. Globally, pregnant women in sub-Saharan Africa are more affected by anemia. Therefore, this study examined both the coverage and demographic, socioeconomic, and women empowerment-related factors associated with the utilization of deworming medication among pregnant married women in sub-Saharan Africa. Methods We used data from the most recent Demographic and Health Surveys of 26 countries in sub-Saharan Africa conducted between 2010 and 2019. Using Stata version-14 software, analysis was done on 168,910 pregnant married women. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the factors associated with the utilization of deworming medication. The results were presented using adjusted odds ratios (aORs) at 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results The pooled results showed that about 50.7% (95% CI 48.2–53.3%) of pregnant married women in the studied countries took deworming medications, and this varied from as high as 84.1% in Sierra Leone to as low as 2% in Angola. Regarding sub-regional coverage, the highest and lowest coverages were seen in East Africa (67.6%, 95% CI 66.0–69.1%) and West Africa (24.3%, 95% CI 22.4–26.4%) respectively. We found higher odds of utilization of deworming medication among older pregnant married women (aOR=1.93, 95% CI 1.32–2.84), women with educated husbands (aOR=1.40, 95% CI 1.11–1.77), wealthier women (aOR=3.12, 95% CI 1.95–4.99), women exposed to media (aOR=1.46, 95% CI 1.18–1.80), and those who had four or more antenatal care visits (aOR=1.51, 95% CI 1.24–1.83). Conclusions Enhancing women’s education, disseminating information about maternal healthcare services through mass media, and ensuring that women from economically disadvantaged households benefit from national economic growth can be considered as deworming medication improvement strategies in sub-Saharan Africa. Moreover, providing more attention to adolescents or young pregnant women and increasing the number of antenatal care visits could be considered to increase deworming uptake among pregnant married women.

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Peningkatan Pengetahuan Ibu Hamil Tentang Skrinning HIV/AIDS Melalui Audiovisual di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Andalas

JATI EMAS (Jurnal Aplikasi Teknik dan Pengabdian Masyarakat) ◽

10.36339/je.v4i2.306 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 133

Author(s):

Gina Muthia ◽

Eka Putri Primasari ◽

Putri Nelly Syofiah

Keyword(s):

Social Media ◽

Hiv Infection ◽

Antenatal Care ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Community Service ◽

Public Service ◽

Hiv Prevalence ◽

Hiv Test ◽

Negative Impacts ◽

Hiv Aids

In addition to preventing problems for pregnant women and their babies, the aim of quality antenatal care is to detect the emergence of these problems early and avoid negative impacts on health. This includes HIV infection. HIV prevalence in pregnant women is projected to increase from 0.38% (2012) to 0.49% (2016). Data for pregnant women infected with HIV at Puskesmas Andalas in 2017 was in the range of 1,600. It is known that data on the implementation of VCT at Puskesmas Andalas, in 2017 (January - Jun 2017) there were only 250 VCT patients, consisting of 224 pregnant women and 26 non-pregnant women, meaning that in the working area of the Andalas Puskesmas only 14% of pregnant women participated to do an HIV test (VCT). Therefore, it is necessary to have community service activities to increase knowledge about HIV / AIDS screening in pregnant women. The results of the activity were counseling to 6 pregnant women from 10 target people in the Pustu Sarang Gagak Andalas Village, Padang. The output is in the form of publication of articles in public service journals that are E-ISSN and nationally accredited, social media and increasing knowledge about HIV / AIDS screening of pregnant women.

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Prevalence of Syphilis among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care Clinic, Sede Muja District, South Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia

Journal of Pregnancy ◽

10.1155/2019/1584527 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

Getachew Yideg Yitbarek ◽

Belete Achamyelew Ayele

Keyword(s):

Antenatal Care ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Northwest Ethiopia ◽

Sexual Partners ◽

Test Method ◽

Health Centers ◽

P Value ◽

Northern Ethiopia ◽

Care Clinic ◽

Multiple Sexual Partners

Background. Syphilis is a disease caused by bacteria called Treponema pallidum. Major rout of transmission of this bacterium was through sexual and contact with mucocutaneous lesion. Untreated syphilis during pregnancy can greatly affect pregnancy outcome, resulting in spontaneous abortion and stillbirth. Objective. The objective of the study was to determine the seroprevalence of syphilis and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care unit at Sede Muja district, Northern Ethiopia. Methods and Materials. Facility based cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2018 to January 2019 in two health centers from Sede Muja district, Northwest Ethiopia. The study included a total of 210 participants. The entire participants were recruited by systematic random sampling method after proportional allocation of the sample size in the two health centers. Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected by semistructured questioner. Two milliliter of blood was collected to determine seroprevalence of syphilis using VDRL test method. The data was analyzed by using SPSS version 21. The association between independent and dependent variables was determined using chi-square. P-value less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Result. Seroprevalence of syphilis was found to be 1.9% (95 CI, 0.5-3.5%). Women with multiple sexual partners and late trimester of pregnancy during first ANC visit were found to be significantly associated with seropositive syphilis. Conclusion. Syphilis remains a major problem in the study area. Seroprevalence of syphilis was significantly associated with women who have multiple sexual partners and late first ANC visit attendees in the study area. Therefore it is recommended to give health education about syphilis etiology and transmission as well as creating awareness about the importance of early ANC visit and follow-up regarding syphilis prevention.

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Quantifying Pregnant Women’s Knowledge of Educational Components of Antenatal Care in Lesotho

Africa Journal of Nursing and Midwifery ◽

10.25159/2520-5293/4317 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Tabeta Seeiso ◽

Mamutle M. Todd-Maja

Keyword(s):

Antenatal Care ◽

Maternal Mortality ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Geographic Location ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

World Health ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Danger Signs ◽

In Pregnancy

Antenatal care (ANC) literacy is particularly important for pregnant women who need to make appropriate decisions for care during their pregnancy and childbirth. The link between inadequate health literacy on the educational components of ANC and maternal mortality in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is undisputable. Yet, little is known about the ANC literacy of pregnant women in SSA, with most studies inadequately assessing the four critical components of ANC literacy recommended by the World Health Organization, namely danger signs in pregnancy; true signs of labour; nutrition; and preparedness for childbirth. Lesotho, a country with one of the highest maternal mortality rates in SSA, is also underexplored in this research area. This cross-sectional study explored the levels of ANC literacy and the associated factors in 451 purposively sampled women in two districts in Lesotho using a structured questionnaire, making recourse to statistical principles. Overall, 16.4 per cent of the participants had grossly inadequate ANC literacy, while 79.8 per cent had marginal levels of such knowledge. The geographic location and level of education were the most significant predictors of ANC literacy, with the latter variable further subjected to post hoc margins test with the Bonferroni correction. The participants had the lowest scores on knowledge of danger signs in pregnancy and true signs of labour. Adequate ANC literacy is critical to reducing maternal mortality in Lesotho. Improving access to ANC education, particularly in rural areas, is recommended. This study also provides important recommendations critical to informing the national midwifery curriculum.

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Risk Factors Associated with Hepatitis B virus Infection among Pregnant Women Attending the Antenatal Care Unit of the Bamenda Regional Hospital

Public Health in Practice ◽

10.1016/j.puhip.2021.100160 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 100160

Author(s):

Nfor Omarine Nlinwe ◽

Desmond Lungle

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Hepatitis B Virus ◽

Virus Infection ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Antenatal Care ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Regional Hospital ◽

Hepatitis B Virus Infection ◽

Factors Associated ◽

B Virus

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Country compliance with WHO-recommended antenatal care guidelines: equity analysis of the 2015–2016 Demography and Health Survey in Myanmar

BMJ Global Health ◽

10.1136/bmjgh-2019-002169 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (12) ◽

pp. e002169

Author(s):

Ngatho Samuel Mugo ◽

Kyaw Swa Mya ◽

Camille Raynes-Greenow

Keyword(s):

Antenatal Care ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Adolescent Mothers ◽

Health Survey ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽

Wealth Quintile ◽

Adjusted Risk ◽

Factors Associated

IntroductionEarly access to adequate antenatal care (ANC) from skilled providers is crucial for detecting and preventing obstetric complications of pregnancy. We aimed to assess factors associated with the utilisation of the new WHO ANC guidelines including the recommended number, on time initiation and adequate components of ANC contacts in Myanmar.MethodsWe examined data from 2943 mothers aged 15–49 years whose most recent birth occurred in the last 5 years prior to the 2015–2016 Myanmar Demographic and Health Survey. Factors associated with utilisation of the new WHO recommended ANC were explored using multinomial logistic regression and multivariate models. We used marginal standardisation methods to estimate the predicted probabilities of the factors significantly associated with the three measures of ANC.ResultsApproximately 18% of mothers met the new WHO recommended number of eight ANC contacts. About 58% of the mothers received adequate ANC components, and 47% initiated ANC within the first trimester of pregnancy. The predicted model shows that Myanmar could achieve 70% coverage of adequate components of ANC if all women were living in urban areas. Similarly, if ANC was through private health facilities, 63% would achieve adequate components of ANC. Pregnant women from urban areas (adjusted risk ratio (aRR): 4.86, 95% CI 2.44 to 9.68) were more than four times more likely to have adequate ANC components compared with women from rural areas. Pregnant women in the highest wealth quintile were three times more likely to receive eight or more ANC contacts (aRR: 3.20, 95% CI 1.61 to 6.36) relative to mothers from the lowest wealth quintile. On time initiation of the first ANC contact was fourfold for mothers aged 30–39 years relative to adolescent mothers (aRR: 4.07, 95% CI 1.53 to 10.84).ConclusionThe 2016 WHO ANC target is not yet being met by the majority of women in Myanmar. Our results highlight the need to address health access inequity for women who are from lower socioeconomic groups, or are younger, and those living in rural areas.

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Prevalence and factors associated with anemia in pregnancy among women receiving antenatal care at the West Gonja District Hospital of Northern Ghana.

Obstetrics Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences ◽

10.31579/2578-8965/042 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 01-12

Author(s):

Martin Malick

Keyword(s):

Antenatal Care ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Hemoglobin Concentration ◽

World Health ◽

Multiple Gestation ◽

The West ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Folate Supplement ◽

Anemia In Pregnancy ◽

In Pregnancy

Background: Anemia in pregnancy is a major public health problem especially in Low and Middle-income countries (LMIC) including Ghana and is defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as being present when the hemoglobin concentration in the peripheral blood is 11g/dl or less. In most African countries anemia in pregnancy occurs if the hemoglobin concentration falls below 10g/dl. Pregnant women are at a higher risk of developing anemia due to several factors such as hemodilution, nutritional factors, multiple gestation, socio-economic status and malaria infestation. Anemia in pregnancy is an important cause of maternal mortality and affects half of pregnant women worldwide; with 56% of West African pregnant women being anemic. The objective of this study is to assess the prevalence and identify the risk factors associated with anemia among pregnant women receiving antenatal care at the West Gonja Hospital (WGH) Methods: A cross-sectional was conducted with 136 pregnant women receiving antenatal care at the WGH between January 2017 to February 2018. Random sampling was used to select participants and data was collected using a structured questionnaire. Data was analyzed using the SPSS Version 24.0. Results: A total 71(52.2%) of the study population were anemic, while 65 (47.8%) were not anemic. 20(74.1%) of the 27 pregnant housewives were anemic, while 11(64.7%) of the pregnant farmers were anemic. 27 (96.4%) of the 28 pregnant women who took their iron/folate supplement only some few days were anemic. 12 (100%) of the 12 participants who took their iron/folate supplement a few times a week were anemic. 4 (80%) of the 5 participants who never took their iron/folate supplement were anemic. 21 (70%) of those who did not sleep under ITN were anemic. 33 (84.6%) of the 39 patients who were diagnosed with malaria were also anemic. 28 (87.5%) of the 32 participants who took only 2 meals a day were anemic. 27 (79.4%) of the 34 patients who took liver, beef, chicken and fish only twice weekly were anemic. 15 (88.2%) of the 17 patients who drank tea some days in a week were anemic. Conclusion: Although most of the pregnant women were adequately educated on the most relevant aspects of anemia in pregnancy, more than half of them were still anemic. Anemia was more prevalent among pregnant uneducated housewives with poor nutritional habits. All the pregnant sickle cell disease patients as well as those diagnosed with malaria were also anemic.

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Willingness of antenatal care attendees towards voluntary HIV counseling and testing, Southern Ethiopia

International Journal of Pregnancy & Child Birth ◽

10.15406/ipcb.2020.06.00206 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 104-112

Author(s):

Sintayehu Assefa ◽

Dubale Dulla

Keyword(s):

Antenatal Care ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Information Dissemination ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Southern Ethiopia ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Care Clinic ◽

Hiv Counseling And Testing ◽

Hiv Counseling ◽

Counseling And Testing

Background: Voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) is an entry point for the prevention of HIV transmission from mother to child and accessing VCT benefit from PMTCT services. Even though, some pregnant women clearly know the benefits /advantages of PMTCT services, they are not willing to test and access the services. Hence, this study was aimed to assess the willingness of pregnant women attending antenatal care towards VCT/PMTCT at Adare general hospital in southern Ethiopia. Method: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted at Hawassa Adare hospital, southern Ethiopia from February to April/2018. A total of 338 randomly selected pregnant women who were attending antenatal care clinic were included. Data was collected using structured and pretested questionnaire; entered and analyzed using SPSS version 20 computer software. Important descriptive and logistic models were used for data analysis assuming statistical significance at p < 0.05. Result: A total of 338 mothers were interviewed with a response rate of 100%. The willingness towards voluntary HIV counseling and testing among study participants was 82.2%. Participants who attended primary and High school and above were 3.9 (AOR= 3.87, 95% CI- 1.705, 8.782) and 9.5 times (AOR 9.53 at 95% CI- 3.155, 28.76); those who had good knowledge about VCT/PMTCT were 3.47 times (AOR=3.47, 95% CI-1.721, 7.003); women who followed two to three ANC visit, were 5.1 times more likely have willingness towards VCT/PMTCT (AOR 5.11 at 95% CI -1.095, 23.81) more likely willing to be tested than their counterparts respectively. Conclusion: Willingness towards voluntary HIV counseling was encouraging however it needs advancement. Since boosted knowledge and awareness promote willingness to VCT/PMTCT uptakes, initiation of community-based information dissemination, increased quality of ANC service, and empowering women to be educated could be effective in order to promote high VCT and PMTCT program uptakes

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High HIV prevalence and associated factors in a remote community in the Rwenzori region of Western Uganda

Infectious Disease Reports ◽

10.4081/idr.2010.1585 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 13 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

John Rubaihayo ◽

Akib Surat ◽

Mughusu Ezekiel ◽

Abaasa Andrew

Keyword(s):

Hiv Transmission ◽

Risk Behaviour ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sexual Partners ◽

Hiv Prevalence ◽

Community Perceptions ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Multiple Sexual Partners ◽

Western Uganda

In Uganda, previous studies have shown a tremendous decline in HIV prevalence over the past two decades due to changes in sexual behavior with a greater awareness of the risks involved. However, studies in Fort-Portal municipality, a rural town in Western Uganda, continued to show a persistent high HIV prevalence despite the various interventions in place. We conducted a study to establish the current magnitude of HIV prevalence and the factors associated with HIV prevalence in this community. This cross-sectional study was conducted between July and November 2008. Participants were residents of Fort-Portal municipality aged 15-49 years. A population-based HIV sero-survey and a clinical review of prevention of mother to child HIV transmission (PMTCT) and voluntary counseling and HIV Testing (VCT) records were used to collect quantitative data. An inteviewer administered structured questionnaire was used to collect qualitative data on social deographics, risk behaviour and community perceptions. Focus group discussions (FGDs) and in-depth interviews provided supplementary data on community perceptions. Logistic regression was used in the analysis. The overall HIV prevalence in the general population was 16.1% [95% CI; 12.5-20.6]. Prevalence was lower among women (14.5%; 95% CI; 10.0-19.7) but not significantly different from that among men (18.7%; 95% CI; 12.5-26.3) (c2=0.76, P=0.38). Having more than 2 sexual partners increased the odds of HIV by almost 2.5 times. None or low education and age over 35 years were independently associated with HIV prevalence (P<0.05). Most participants attributed the high HIV prevalence to promiscuity/multiple sexual partners (32.5%), followed by prostitution (13.6%), alcoholism (10.1%), carelessness (10.1%), poverty (9.7%), ignorance (9.5%)), rape (4.7%), drug abuse (3.6%) and others (malice/malevolence, laziness, etc.) (6.2%). Although there was a slight decline compared to previous reports, the results from this study confirm that HIV prevalence is still high in this community. In order to prevent new infections, the factors mentioned above need to be addressed, and we recommend that education aimed at changing individual behavior should be intensified in this community.

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