Comparison of Dubowitz scoring versus Ballard scoring for assessment of fetal maturation of newly born infants setting

Background: Different scoring systems based on neurological and physical examination are used in the neonatal units for assessment of gestational age. Assessment of gestational age is very much helpful in labelling the newborn to be preterm, term or post – term and to assess the further outcome of the newborn infants. Present study was performed to test the accuracy and reliability of the Ballard scoring system as compared to Dubowitz scoring system on 250 newborn infants and their correlation with the gestational age as calculated from first day of mother’s last menstrual period. In infants of 38 weeks onwards correlation of gestational age was done with the extension of plantar creases over sole.Methods: Infants studied were selected from infants born in Muzaffarnagar Medical College and Hospital Muzaffarnagar and those infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit. First of all methods of eliciting different criteria were experienced by examining several newborn infants and then Dubowitz and Ballard scoring system were performed separately and gestational age assessed. crease was measured, using metallic scale from base of great toe after stretching the sole.Results: Gestational ages estimated by Ballard scoring system and Dubowitz system strongly correlated with the gestational ages computed from the date of mother’s last menstrual period. The coefficient of correlation calculated between Ballard and Dubowitz scoring system showed perfect positive correlation on the regression line. Association of gestational age with the length of sole crease was also very significant.Conclusions: The clinical test of maturation described by Ballard et al and which is evaluated in the present study, takes a balanced look at physical and neurological maturation and included those items found to be most useful regardless of the presence or absence of diseased state.

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Correlation of gestational age assessed by last menstrual period and New Ballard’s Score in pre term babies

International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics ◽

10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20203164 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (8) ◽

pp. 1718

Author(s):

Krithika S. ◽

Rajanish K. V. ◽

Adarsh E.

Keyword(s):

Gestational Age ◽

Critical Factor ◽

Menstrual Period ◽

Last Menstrual Period ◽

Normal Vaginal Delivery ◽

Management Decision ◽

New Born ◽

Medical College ◽

Management Decision Making ◽

One Year

Background: Gestational age is a critical factor in the management, decision making and follow up of new born infants. Identification of gestational age especially within 48 hours of life is crucial for new born. Since decades attempts have been made to find an alternative measurement for gestational age and birth weight estimation of the newborns. Last menstrual period is an inexpensive method and potentially efficient for calculating gestational age. Objective of this study was to the present study aims to compare the gestational age by New Ballards score with LMP, in pre term babies.Methods: A total 150 pre term babies who are born to mothers remembering LMP were enrolled for the study group. During the study period new Ballard scoring was done for babies within 48hrs and Gestational age was compared with LMP. The collected data was analyzed by using SAS-6.50 version. Study design a prospective observational study was conducted over a period of one year from January 2018 till December 2018 at Rajarajeswari Medical College and Hospital, Bengaluru, IndiaResults: The New Ballard score is found to be significantly correlated with GA above 29 weeks (p<0.01). The LMP mean was 35±2.0 weeks. Total 60.6 % of the childbirth is lead to normal vaginal delivery. The analysis shows LMP were found to be strongly correlated with GA (p<0.01).Conclusions: LMP alone can be reliably used in assessing the gestational age and can be assessed more accurately and be confirmed with new Ballard’s scoring for preterm babies of >29 weeks.

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TO CORRELATE PLACENTAL THICKNESS WITH OTHER FETAL PARAMETER ON USG IN SECOND AND THIRD TRIMESTER OF PREGNANCY

International Journal of Medical and Biomedical Studies ◽

10.32553/ijmbs.v4i7.1279 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (7) ◽

Author(s):

B S Meena ◽

Ravindra Singh Chauhan

Keyword(s):

Gestational Age ◽

Age Determination ◽

Menstrual Period ◽

Last Menstrual Period ◽

Abdominal Circumference ◽

Third Trimester ◽

Positive Correlation ◽

Medical College ◽

Live Fetus ◽

Placental Thickness

Background: Gestational age is estimated by last menstrual period. Many women are unaware of their last menstrual period due to irregular menses, conception in lactation amenorrhea and due to illiteracy. The best possible ante partum care and successful labor outcome always revolve around the accurate knowledge of gestational age determination, and is an important component of antenatal care Methods: This was a prospective observational study conducted in department of obstetrics and gynecology on 200 pregnant women in second and third trimester with singleton live fetus at Mahila chikitsalay, S.M.S. medical college, Jaipur, from June 2018 to December 2019. All women were subjected to USG for estimation of gestational age by placental thickness (measured at the level of umbilical cord insertion). Results: Mean placental thickness show linear positive correlation with head circumference (HC). (r=0.960, p<0.0001).Mean placental thickness show linear positive correlation with abdominal circumference (AC). (r=0.948,p<0.0001). Mean placental thickness show positive correlation with FL both have linear correlation(r=0.946,<0.0001). Mean placental thickness show linear positive correlation with estimated fetal weight (EFW). (r=0.926,p<0.0001) Conclusion: All fetal parameter FL, HC, EFW, BPD, AC and gestational age showing positive correlation with placental thickness. All parameter have linear relationship with placental thickness. Correlation may be different with different type of parameter. Keywords: Ultrasonography (USG), Placental thickness, Gestation age.

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Prediction of gestational age of newborn by measurement of foot length at birth

International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics ◽

10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20185196 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 135

Author(s):

Senthilkumar K. ◽

Senthilprabhu R. ◽

Mythili B. ◽

Ann Mary Zacharias

Keyword(s):

Gestational Age ◽

Health Workers ◽

First Trimester ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Menstrual Period ◽

Last Menstrual Period ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Medical College ◽

Foot Length ◽

Measuring Tape

Background: Gestational age of the newborn can be assessed by various methods. Aim of this study was to estimate the gestational age using foot length of the neonate and to find the correlation between foot length and gestational age assessed by last menstrual period and first trimester ultrasound.Methods: It was a hospital based prospective cross-sectional study done at Newborn ward, Department of Pediatrics, MGM Govt. hospital attached to KAP Viswanatham Govt. Medical College, Tiruchirappalli, involving 170 newborns with 10 babies in each gestational age ranging from 26 weeks to 42 weeks. Gestational age of all babies were assessed using last menstrual period, first trimester ultrasound and New Ballard Score soon after birth. Right foot length of each baby was measured from heel to tip of great toe or second toe whichever was longer, within 12-24 hours of life. Measurements were taken using a plastic ruler, measuring tape and by measuring the length of foot print ink impression. Gestational age obtained by various methods were assessed for their correlation with foot length.Results: Positive correlation was obtained between foot length and gestational age determined by LMP (r= 0.965) and ultrasound (r= 0.964). Hence foot length could be reliably used to predict gestational age of newborn.Conclusions: Foot length measurements can be used as a non-invasive alternative method to assess gestational age of newborn, especially by community health workers and thus can facilitate the early identification of preterm babies.

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Assessment of Thumb Placement

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.74.2.299 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 74 (2) ◽

pp. 299-300

Author(s):

PAUL MERLOB ◽

FRANCIS MIMOUNI ◽

ORNA ROSEN ◽

SALOMON H. REISNER

Keyword(s):

Gestational Age ◽

Congenital Anomalies ◽

Scoring System ◽

Menstrual Period ◽

Last Menstrual Period ◽

Objective Method ◽

Normal Range ◽

Appropriate For Gestational Age ◽

Method Of Assessment ◽

System 1

Normal thumb placement has not been defined topographically, and distally or proximally placed thumbs are defined subjectively. We wish to report an objective method of assessment of the normal range of thumb placement. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred fifteen infants between the gestational age of 34 to 42 weeks were examined within the first 24 hours of life. All were appropriate for gestational age, without any congenital anomalies. Gestational age was calculated from the first day of the last menstrual period, and it was verified by the Dubowitz scoring system.1 Whenever a difference of 2 weeks on more was found in calculation of gestational age, the infant was excluded.

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Early termination of pregnancy: differences in gestational age estimation using last menstrual period and ultrasound in Mexico

Reproductive Health ◽

10.1186/s12978-020-00914-x ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Biani Saavedra-Avendano ◽

Raffaela Schiavon ◽

Patricio Sanhueza ◽

Ranulfo Rios-Polanco ◽

Laura Garcia-Martinez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gestational Age ◽

Age Estimation ◽

Termination Of Pregnancy ◽

Early Termination ◽

Menstrual Period ◽

Last Menstrual Period ◽

Gestational Age Estimation

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Determining Gestational Age in a Low-resource Setting: Validity of Last Menstrual Period

Journal of Health Population and Nutrition ◽

10.3329/jhpn.v27i3.3375 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 27 (3) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Gary L Darmstadt ◽

Rebecca E Rosenberg ◽

ASM Nawshad U Ahmed ◽

Saifuddin Ahmed ◽

Samir K Saha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gestational Age ◽

Menstrual Period ◽

Last Menstrual Period ◽

Low Resource ◽

Resource Setting ◽

Low Resource Setting

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Evaluating the Agreement of Risk Categorization for Fetal Down Syndrome Screening between Ultrasound-Based Gestational Age and Menstrual-Based Gestational Age by Maternal Serum Markers

Obstetrics and Gynecology International ◽

10.1155/2018/9687042 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

Pakorn Chaksuwat ◽

Supatra Sirichotiyakul ◽

Suchaya Luewan ◽

Theera Tongsong

Keyword(s):

Down Syndrome ◽

Gestational Age ◽

False Positive Rate ◽

Serum Markers ◽

Maternal Serum ◽

Menstrual Period ◽

Last Menstrual Period ◽

Second Trimester Screening ◽

Risk Categorization ◽

Down Syndrome Screening

Objective. To evaluate the agreement of risk categorization for Down syndrome screening between ultrasound scan-based gestational age (GA) and last menstrual period-based gestational age in both first and second trimesters by maternal serum markers. Methods. Data comprising 4,055 and 4,016 cases of first and second trimester screening were used. The maternal serum markers were analyzed using the ultrasound-based GA and menstrual age. The subjects whose menstrual age and ultrasound-based GA fell in different trimesters were excluded because the risk could not be calculated due to the different serum markers used in each trimester. The agreement of risk categorization for fetal Down syndrome was evaluated. Results. The agreement of Down syndrome screening in the first and the second trimesters were 92.7% and 89%, respectively. The study found a good agreement of risk categorization by Kappa index, which was 0.615 for the overall screening. The menstrual age had a slight decrease in the detection rate and a lower false-positive rate. Conclusion. Menstrual age is acceptable in cases of accurate last menstrual period. However, in places where ultrasonography is not readily available, gestational age estimation by menstrual age along with clinical examination that corresponds to the gestational age can be reliable.

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Association of gestational age with MRI-based biometrics of brain development in fetuses

BMC Medical Imaging ◽

10.1186/s12880-020-00525-9 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yuequan Shi ◽

Yunjing Xue ◽

Chunxia Chen ◽

Kaiwu Lin ◽

Zuofu Zhou

Keyword(s):

Regression Model ◽

Brain Development ◽

Fetal Growth ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Rapid Growth ◽

Polynomial Regression ◽

Fetal Brain ◽

Growth Patterns ◽

Menstrual Period ◽

Last Menstrual Period

Abstract Background Reported date of last menstrual period and ultrasonography measurements are the most commonly used methods for determining gestational age in antenatal life. However, the mother cannot always determine the last menstrual period with certainty, and ultrasonography measurements are accurate only in the first trimester. We aimed to assess the ability of various biometric measurements on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in determining the accurate gestational age of an individual fetus in the second half of gestation. Methods We used MRI to scan a total of 637 fetuses ranging in age from 22 to 40 gestational weeks. We evaluated 9 standard fetal 2D biometric parameters, and regression models were fitted to assess normal fetal brain development. A stepwise linear regression model was constructed to predict gestational age, and measurement accuracy was determined in a held-out, unseen test sample (n = 49). Results A second-order polynomial regression model was found to be the best descriptor of biometric measures including brain bi-parietal diameter, head circumference, and fronto-occipital diameter in relation to normal fetal growth. Normal fetuses showed divergent growth patterns for the cerebrum and cerebellum, where the cerebrum undergoes rapid growth in the second trimester, while the cerebellum undergoes rapid growth in the third trimester. Moreover, a linear model based on biometrics of brain bi-parietal diameter, length of the corpus callosum, vermis area, transverse cerebellar diameter, and cerebellar area accurately predicted gestational age in the second and third trimesters (cross-validation R2 = 0.822, p < 0.001). Conclusions These results support the use of MRI biometry charts to improve MRI evaluation of fetal growth and suggest that MRI biometry measurements offer a potential estimation model of fetal gestational age in the second half of gestation, which is vital to any assessment of pregnancy, fetal development, and neonatal care.

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