scholarly journals Association of glycated haemoglobin (HbA1C) level with working memory on type-2 diabetes mellitus and prediabetic patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 909
Author(s):  
Muhammad Gandhi Sastrawan ◽  
Hasan Sjahrir ◽  
Kiki Mohammad Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Diabetic Group ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Deleterious effects of diabetic glucose levels on brain structure, have been reported in many studies. Moreover, prediabetic and type-2 diabetes mellitus are associated with lower cognitive function. Author aimed to discover the association of blood glucose and working memory on type 2 diabetic and prediabetic patients.Methods: In this cross-sectional study there are two groups (diabetic and prediabetic) consist of 30 patients each (men 31, women 29). Mean age 40.233±7.862. Blood glucose was measured with HbA1c. All patients were tested with MMSE (Mini Mental State Examination), forward digit span, and backward digit span.Results: There was no difference between diabetic and prediabetic group in MMSE (p 1.000). In diabetic group, mean LDSF (Longest Digit Span Forward) was 5.700±0.877 and there was relation between HbA1c and LDSF (r -0.604). In prediabetic group, mean LDSF was 6.233±0.858 and there was relation between HbA1c and LDSF (r -0.565). There was significant difference between those groups in LDSF (p 0.041). In diabetic group mean LDSB (Longest Digit Span Backward) was 3.767±0.817 and there was relation between HbA1c and LDSB (r -0.545). In prediabetic group, mean LDSB was 4.300±0.750 and there was relation between HbA1c and LDSB (r -0.575). There was significant difference between those groups in LDSB (p 0.024).Conclusions: Results indicated that there was significant difference between diabetic and prediabetic patient in working memory test although there was no difference in general cognitive function.

scholarly journals Application value of combination therapy of periodontal curettage and root planing on moderate-to-severe chronic periodontitis in patients with type 2 diabetes

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yonghuan Bian ◽  
Changhao Liu ◽  
Zhaojiang Fu
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Root Planing ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hs Crp

Abstract Background Our study attempted to observe the value of periodontal curettage combined with root planing on moderate-to-severe chronic periodontitis in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods There involved 72 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated with moderate-to-severe chronic periodontitis who were diagnosed and treated in our hospital from January 2019 to December 2019. The patients enrolled were randomly divided into four groups using a computer-generated table: root planing and periodontal curettage combined group (n = 18), root planning group (n = 18), periodontal curettage group (n = 18) and cleansing group (n = 18). Blood glucose, plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing depth (PD), attachment loss (AL), serum levels of inflammatory factors (Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha [TNF- α] and hypersensitive C-reactive protein [hs-CRP]) were observed before and after treatment. The collecting dates were analyzed by the chi-square χ 2 test, repeated measurement analysis of variance, or t-test according to different data types and research objectives. Results Before treatment, there was no significant difference in PI, GI, PD and AL among the four groups (P> 0.05), while after 3-month treatment, the levels of PI, GI, PD and AL in the combined group were lower than those in the root planing group, periodontal curettage group and cleansing group, with both root planing group and periodontal curettage group significantly lower than cleansing group (P< 0.05). The fasting blood glucose, 2-h postprandial blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin in the combined group, root planing group, periodontal curettage group and cleansing group were significantly lower than those before treatment (P < 0.05). Before treatment, there was no significant difference in TNF- α and hs-CRP among the four groups (P> 0.05), but the levels of TNF- α and hs-CRP in the four groups decreased significantly after 3-month treatment (P< 0.05). The levels of TNF- α and hs-CRP in the combined group were lower than those in the root planing group, periodontal curettage group and cleansing group, and those in the root planing group and periodontal curettage group were significantly lower than those in the cleansing group (P< 0.05). Conclusion The combination therapy of periodontal curettage and root planing exerted beneficial effects on moderate-to-severe chronic periodontitis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, which holds the potential to maintain the level of blood glucose and improve the quality of life of the patients.

scholarly journals A Randomized Study to Compare the Effects of Once-Weekly Dulaglutide Injection and Once-Daily Glimepiride on Glucose Fluctuation of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A 26-Week Follow-Up

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huiqin Li ◽  
Xiaohua Xu ◽  
Jie Wang ◽  
Xiaocen Kong ◽  
Maoyuan Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Oxidation Stress ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Glucose Fluctuation ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective. To evaluate the effects of once-weekly dulaglutide injection and once-daily glimepiride on glucose fluctuation in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) using the Continuous Glucose Monitoring System (CGMS). Methods. A total of 23 patients with T2DM were randomly assigned into two groups for 26 weeks: the dulaglutide group (n=13) and the glimepiride group (n=10). 72-hour CGMS was applied to all patients: before and after the treatment. General clinical data were collected and measured, such as fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α (8-iso-PGF2α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Results. HbA1c of the dulaglutide group was reduced from 8.38±0.93% to 6.68±0.73% after the treatment (P<0.05); similarly, it was reduced from 7.91±0.98% to 6.67±0.74% (P<0.05) in the glimepiride group. The levels of serum 8-iso-PGF2α, TNF-α, and IL-6 all decreased significantly in both groups after treatment, and there was no significant difference found between the two groups (P>0.05). The Mean Blood Glucose (MBG) of the two groups declined significantly after therapy (P<0.05). However, the Standard Deviation of Blood Glucose (SDBG) decreased significantly only in the dulaglutide group (from 2.57±0.74 mmol/L to 1.98±0.74 mmol/L, P<0.05). There were no significant changes of Mean Amplitude of Glycemic Excursion (MAGE) and Absolute Means of Daily Difference (MODD) after treatment in both groups. Furthermore, no statistically significant difference was found between the two groups in MBG, SDBG, MAGE, and MODD (P>0.05). The percentage time (PT) (>10 mmol/L and 3.9-10 mmol/L) of the two groups was significantly changed after the treatment (P<0.05). However, this was not seen in the PT<3.9 mmol/L after the treatment (P>0.05). Conclusion. Once-weekly dulaglutide injection has the same effectiveness as daily glimepiride on lowering blood glucose and decreasing oxidation stress and inflammation and is more effective in controlling glucose fluctuation as compared with glimepiride. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01644500.

scholarly journals The Effects of Tai Chi on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Meta-Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengyao Chao ◽  
Chunyan Wang ◽  
Xiaosheng Dong ◽  
Meng Ding
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Tai Chi ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective. To investigate the effects of Tai chi in type 2 diabetes mellitus (type-2 DM) patients using systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods. Seven electronic resource databases were searched, and randomized controlled trials on the role of Tai chi in type-2 DM patients were retrieved. The meta-analysis was performed with RevMan 5.3, and research quality evaluation was conducted with the modified Jadad scale. Results. Fourteen studies, with 798 individuals related to the intervention of Tai chi on diabetes, were included. The results showed that, compared with nonexercise, Tai chi had the effect of lowering fasting blood glucose [MD = −1.39, 95% CI (−1.95, −0.84), P<0.0001] and the subgroup effect size decreased with the increase of total exercise amount, there is no significant difference between Tai chi and other aerobic exercises [MD = −0.50, 95% CI (−1.02, 0.02), P=0.06]; compared with nonexercise, Tai chi could reduce HbA1c [MD = −0.21, 95% CI (−0.61, 0.19), P=0.31], and the group effect size decreased with the increase of total exercise amount. The reducing HbA1c effect of Tai chi was better than that of other aerobic exercises, but the difference was at the margin of statistical significance [MD = −0.19, 95% CI (−0.37, 0.00), P=0.05]; compared with nonexercise, Tai chi had the effect of reducing 2 h postprandial blood glucose [MD = −2.07, 95% CI (−2.89, −1.26), P=0.0002], there is no significant difference between Tai chi and other aerobic exercises in reducing 2 h postprandial blood glucose [MD = −0.44, 95% CI (−1.42, 0.54), P=0.38]. Conclusion. Tai chi can effectively affect the management of blood glucose and HbA1c in type-2 DM patients. Long-term adherence to Tai chi has a better role in reducing blood glucose and HbA1c levels in type 2 DM patients.

scholarly journals PENGARUH TEKNIK RELAKSASI OTOT PROGRESIF TERHADAP PENURUNAN KADAR GULA DARAH PADA PASIEN DIABETES MELLITUS TIPE 2 DI RUMAH SAKIT GRANDMED LUBUK PAKAM

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-53
Author(s):  
Tati Murni Karokaro ◽  
Muhammad Riduan
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Hypothesis Test ◽  
Muscle Relaxation ◽  
Progressive Muscle Relaxation ◽  
Relaxation Therapy ◽  
Significant Difference

The prevalence of diabetes occuring in 2015 is 9,3% and is expected to increase annualy. Type 2 diabetes mellitus occurs because insulin resistance, which glucose fails to enter the cell, usually occurs in the age above 30 years. One of the modalitas therapy that can be done is progressive muscle relaxation. The purpose of the study was to the identify the effect of progressive muscle relaxation therapy on the decrease in blood sugar levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at hospital GRANDMED Lubuk Pakam. This research method used pre-experimental design with one group pretest-posttest. A sample size of 10 respondents selected by sampling technique of non-probability sampling type consecutive sampling. The result of paired hypothesis test of t-test sample at significance level 95%obtained p Value < α, that is 0,001 indicates that there is influence of progressive muscle relaxation therapy to decrease blood glucose level in type 2 diabetes mellitus patient. Conclusion obtained there is significant difference between blood glucose levels before and after progressive muscle relaxation therapy. It is sugessted that health care institutions need to implement new policies related to the application of progressive muscle relaxation therapy.

Association of Vitamin D Levels and type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Asian Indians is Independent of Obesity

2018 ◽  
Vol 126 (09) ◽  
pp. 553-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Gupta ◽  
M. Aslam ◽  
S. Rathi ◽  
B. Mishra ◽  
S. Bhardwaj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Asian Indian ◽  
Asian Indians ◽  
Diabetic Group ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background A large proportion of subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in India are non-obese. Asian-Indian subjects with diabetes have been shown to have low vitamin D levels. Whether low vitamin D levels and T2DM in Asian-Indians is attributable to the associated obesity as in caucasians is unclear. Hence we studied the association of vitamin D levels and T2DM in Asian-Indians with or without obesity. Methods Total of 213 subjects were recruited in four groups, group 1-Non-obese diabetic, group 2-Non-obese non-diabetic, group 3-Obese diabetic and group 4-Obese non-diabetic. Subjects recruited under various groups were matched for age and sex. Anthropometry, skin-fold thickness, fasting and postprandial plasma glucose, HbA1c, fasting insulin, lipids and vitamin D levels were measured in all study subjects and were compared between the groups. Results Mean age of study population was 41.23±7.43 years. Mean BMI in groups 1,2,3 and 4 was 21.34±1.41, 20.53±2.27, 27.72±2.94 and 27.62±3.37 kg/m2 respectively. Overall 64.3% study subjects had vitamin D deficiency and 27.7% had insufficient vitamin D levels. Significantly lower vitamin D levels were found in diabetic groups 1 and 3 compared to non-diabetic groups 2 and 4. No significant difference was observed in vitamin D levels between groups 1 and 3. Similarly, no significant difference was observed in vitamin D levels between groups 2 and 4. Vitamin D levels did not show any significant correlation with BMI, waist or body fat. Conclusion Vitamin D levels do not appear to be related to obesity in diabetic as well non-diabetic Asian-Indian individuals.

scholarly journals The role of Enterobacteria, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 in the development of myocardial ischemia with type 2 diabetes mellitus

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 205873921879232
Author(s):  
Yan Xiong ◽  
Jianhong Tao ◽  
Li Cai ◽  
Yijia Tang ◽  
Qiyong Li
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Myocardial Ischemia ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Diabetic Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tnf Α

This study is to observe the distribution of intestinal flora and the changes of inflammatory factors in elderly patients with myocardial ischemia complicated with type 2 diabetes mellitus. A total of 106 elderly patients with myocardial ischemia complicated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (complicated group), 106 elderly patients with simple type 2 diabetes mellitus (diabetic group), and 106 healthy elderly people (control group) were selected. The fasting blood glucose (FBG), 1-h postprandial blood glucose (1hPG), 2-h postprandial blood glucose (2hPG), 3-h postprandial blood glucose (3hPG), and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in complicated group and the diabetic group were higher than those in the control group ( P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). The duration of diabetes, FBG, 3hPG, and HbA1c in the complicated group were higher than those in the diabetic group, while the 2hPG was lower than that in the diabetic group ( P < 0.05). Compared with control group, the number of Enterobacteria in the diabetic group and complicated group was increased, while the numbers of Bacteroides, Bifidobacteria, and Lactobacillus were decreased ( P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Compared with the diabetic group, the number of Enterobacteria in complicated group was increased, while the numbers of Bacteroides, Bifidobacteria, and Lactobacillus were decreased ( P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Compared with control group, the levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), and C-reactive protein (CRP) decreased in the diabetic group and complicated group, and the lowest in the complicated group. Conversely, the levels of interleukin 10 (IL-10) and interleukin 12 (IL-2) increased in the diabetic group and complicated group, and the highest in the complicated group ( P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the duration of diabetes, HbA1c, Enterobacteria, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 were the influencing factors of myocardial ischemia complicated with type 2 diabetes mellitus ( P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). In conclusion, in the elderly patients with myocardial ischemia complicated with type 2 diabetes mellitus, the number of intestinal probiotics and the level of anti-inflammatory factors decreased, and the number of pathogenic bacteria and the level of inflammatory factors increased. Enterobacteria, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 may play an important role in the development of myocardial ischemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals Visual Functional Defects in Patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Questionnaire Based Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yimeng Ge ◽  
Sanbao Chai ◽  
Yu Wan ◽  
Huaqin Xia ◽  
Ruilan Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Visual Functions ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Purpose To determine the impact of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) on visual functions, identify different modifiers as risk or protective factors, and find out how these factors affect patients’ visual symptoms and vision-related quality of life as a whole. Methods We performed an online survey among 1242 participants (400 patients, 842 non-patients). Demographic features and severity of disease were documented, while visual functions were evaluated using National Eye Institute Visual Functioning questionnaire-25 (NEI VFQ-25). Independent t-test, analysis of variance, linear and non-linear regression models were used to assess all data. Results Scores other than color vision among T2DM patients were significantly lower compared with non-T2DM participants. There was significant difference after stratification of age and education, but no significant difference between different genders was observed. Parameters including duration of T2DM, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) negatively impacted on the scores, with 20 years’ of diabetic duration, 10mmol/L of FPG, 7.5% of HbA1c being potential cut-off points. Poorer best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy were risk factors, while they simultaneously produced mediation effect, contributing 5%-78% of effect in the deterioration of visual functions caused by longer diabetic duration and higher blood glucose. Conclusion Significant visual impairments and faster deterioration in visual functions were seen in T2DM patients, with older age, lower educational level, longer diabetic duration, poorer blood glucose administration, limited BCVA, and the presence of diabetic retinopathy identified as risk factors. Average BCVA and diabetic retinopathy also yielded mediation effect as diabetic duration lengthened and blood glucose elevated.

scholarly journals The Role of Peer Support Education Model in Management of Glucose and Lipid Levels in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Chinese Adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Xin Zhao ◽  
Xiaofeng Yu ◽  
Xiaomei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Peer Support ◽  
Medical Staff ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Education Model

Aims. To investigate the effect of peer support education model on the levels of glucose and lipids in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in China. Methods. 120 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients (T2DM) were assigned to two groups randomly from December 2016 to October 2017. Group 1 was trained on basic diabetic medical knowledge by a professional medical staff. After 8 weeks of studying, these specially trained patients then trained the patients of Group 2. Results. It was found that after 3 months of intervention, the levels of fasting blood glucose, triglycerides, glycosylated hemoglobin, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were significantly decreased for the two groups (p<0.05). However, with the prolongation of time, there were no significant changes in the two groups in the above indices (p>0.05) after 6 months, and the result was the same after strafing sex, age, and education level. Meanwhile, there was no significant difference in decreasing glucose and lipid level between the two groups’ participants (p>0.05). Conclusion. It was found that both the peer support education model and medical staff education model have a better short-term effect on blood glucose and lipid levels in patients with type 2 diabetes. As there is no difference of effect between the two methods of training, the peer support education model can be widely used in diabetes education.

Epigenetic modulation of autophagy genes linked to diabetic nephropathy by administration of isorhamnetin in Type 2 diabetes mellitus rats

Epigenomics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marwa Matboli ◽  
Doaa Ibrahim ◽  
Amany H Hasanin ◽  
Mohamed Kamel Hassan ◽  
Eman K Habib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Lipid Profiles ◽  
Mirna Regulation ◽  
Protein Levels

Aim: To assess isorhamnetin efficacy for diabetic kidney disease in a Type 2 diabetes mellitus rat model, through investigating its effect at the epigenetic, mRNA and protein levels. Materials & methods: Type 2 diabetes mellitus was induced in rats by streptozotocin and high-fat diet. Rats were treated with isorhamnetin (50 mg/kg/d) for 4 or 8 weeks. Fasting blood glucose, renal and lipid profiles were evaluated. Renal tissues were examined by light and electron microscopy. Autophagy genes ( FYCO1, ULK, TECPR1 and  WIPI2) and miR-15b, miR-34a and miR-633 were assessed by qRT-PCR, and LC3A/B by immunoblotting. Results: Isorhamnetin improved fasting blood glucose, renal and lipid profiles with increased autophagosomes in renal tissues. It suppressed miRNA regulation of autophagy genes Conclusion: We propose a molecular mechanism for the isorhamnetin renoprotective effect by modulation of autophagy epigenetic regulators.

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