scholarly journals A comparative study of pregnancy outcome among women with preeclampsia and normotensive at the Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 3789
Author(s):  
Chuka N. Obi ◽  
Vitus O. Obi ◽  
Johnbosco I. Nwafor ◽  
Blessing I. Onwe ◽  
Victor U. Onuchukwu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
P Value ◽  
Perinatal Morbidity ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Fetal Outcomes ◽  
Multisystem Disease ◽  
Control Study

Background: Preeclampsia is a pregnancy specific multisystem disease and it is associated with increased maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Any factor(s) which could reliably predict the likelihood of serious complications would be very valuable in predicting the associated adverse outcome. Objective of this study compare maternal and fetal outcomes of preeclamptic patients with normotensive control in Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki, Nigeria.Method: This was a 4-year retrospective case-control study of the pregnancy outcomes among preeclamptic and normotensive women managed in our facility between 1st January 2012 and 31st December 2015. Data analysis was done using Epi Info software 7.2.1.Results: During the study period there were 6,585 deliveries among which 92 of the patients were managed for preeclampsia. This gives a prevalence of 1.4% or 14 per 1000 deliveries. There was no difference in the age and parity of the control. Most of the preeclamptic patients managed over the study period were unbooked for antenatal care in the facility (p value <0.0001). Preeclamptic patients were more likely to be delivered preterm (p value was <0.0001), and by caesarean section compared to the control. They were also more likely to have babies with low birth weights and poorer fetal outcomes. There was no difference in maternal mortality between both groups.Conclusion: Preeclampsia is associated with the unbooked status and poorer perinatal outcome compared with normotensive women. There is need to encourage women to book for antenatal care for prompt identification and management of these women.

scholarly journals Association between Allogeneic Blood Transfusion and Wound Infection after Total Hip or Knee Arthroplasty: A Retrospective Case-Control Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashish Taneja ◽  
Ahmed El-Bakoury ◽  
Hoa Khong ◽  
Pam Railton ◽  
Rajrishi Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Deep Infection ◽  
P Value ◽  
Receive Blood Transfusion ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Superficial Infection ◽  
Total Hip ◽  
Control Study

Abstract. Background: To assess using a retrospective case control study, whether patients undergoing primary, elective total hip or knee arthroplasty who receive blood transfusion have a higher rate of post-operative infection compared to those who do not.Materials and Methods: Data on elective primary total hip or knee arthroplasty patients, including patient characteristics, co-morbidities, type and duration of surgery, blood transfusion, deep and superficial infection was extracted from the Alberta Bone and Joint Health Institute (ABJHI). Logistic regression analysis was used to compare deep infection and superficial infection in blood-transfused and non-transfused cohorts.Results: Of the 27892 patients identified, 3098 (11.1%) received blood transfusion (TKA 9.7%; THA 13.1%). Overall, the rate of superficial infection (SI) was 0.5% and deep infection (DI) was 1.1%. The infection rates in the transfused cohort were SI 1.0% and DI 1.6%, and in the non-transfused cohort were SI 0.5% and DI 1.0%. The transfused cohort had an increased risk of superficial infection (adjusted odds ratio (OR) 1.9 [95% CI 1.2-2.9, p-value 0.005]) as well as deep infection (adjusted OR 1.6 [95% CI 1.1-2.2, p-value 0.008]).Conclusion: The odds of superficial and deep wound infection are significantly increased in primary, elective total hip and knee arthroplasty patients who receive blood transfusion compared to those who did not. This study can potentially help in reducing periprosthetic hip or knee infections.

scholarly journals Impact of random urine proteinuria on maternal and fetal outcomes of pregnancy: a retrospective case-control study

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 1062-1068 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eun Hui Bae ◽  
Jong Woon Kim ◽  
Hong Sang Choi ◽  
Seong Kwon Ma ◽  
Soo Wan Kim
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Fetal Outcomes ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Maternal Deaths due to Obstetric Hemorrhage in Padang, Indonesia: A Case-Control Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 65-69
Author(s):  
Dini F. Omari ◽  
Yusrawati ◽  
Satya W. Yenny
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Health Department ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Uterine Atony ◽  
Obstetric Hemorrhage ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Maternal Deaths ◽  
History Of ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Objective: To analyse the association between determinants of maternal deaths and obstetric haemorrhage in Padang, Indonesia.Methods: A retrospective case-control study was conducted in Padang, Indonesia from 2015 to 2019. Maternal deaths that occurred due to obstetric hemorrhage in Padang Health Department was compared to three mothers who survived from obstetric hemorrhage (controls) in Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital, Padang, Indonesia.Results: There were 20 deaths caused by obstetric hemorrhage during 2015 to 2019. Death records could only be found in 16 cases. The most common etiology of obstetric hemorrhage was uterine atony (62.5%). Determinants associated with maternal deaths due to obstetric hemorrhage were interval between pregnancies (p=0.045; OR:10.846), history of previous labour (p=0.003; OR:8.556), and antenatal care (p=0.003; OR:21.364). Age, parity, birth attendant, and mother’s educational level were not significantly associated with maternal deaths due to obstetric hemorrhage.Conclusion: Uterine atony was the most frequent etiology of maternal deaths due to obstetric hemorrhage. There was a significant association between pregnancy intervals, history of previous labour, and antenatal care with maternal deaths due to obstetric hemorrhage.Keywords: determinant, obstetric hemorrhage, maternal death. Abstrak Tujuan: Menganalisis hubungan determinan kematian maternal akibat perdarahan obstetri di Kota Padang.Metode: Sebuah studi retrospektif case-control dilakukan di Kota Padang dari tahun 2015–2019. Setiap kasus kematian ibu akibat perdarahan obstetri dari tahun 2015–2019 yang dilaporkan oleh Dinas Kesehatan Kota Padang dibandingkan dengan tiga kasus perdarahan obstetri yang tidak berakibat kematian di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang. Analisis data menggunakan uji Chi-square.Hasil: Ada 20 kasus kematian akibat perdarahan obstetri selama tahun 2015–2019. Catatan kematian hanya dapat diperoleh pada 16 kasus. Etiologi terbanyak kematian akibat perdarahan obstetri ialah atonia uteri. Determinan yang berhubungan dengan kematian akibat perdarahan obstetri ialah jarak kehamilan (p=0.045; OR:10.846), riwayat persalinan sebelumnya (p=0.003; OR:8.556), dan antenatal care (p=0.003; OR:21.364). Tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara usia, paritas, penolong persalinan, dan tingkat pendidikan ibu dengan kematian maternal akibat perdarahan obstetri.Kesimpulan: Atonia uteri merupakan etiologi tertinggi kematian maternal akibat perdarahan obstetri. Ada hubungan yang signifikan antara jarak kehamilan, riwayat persalinan sebelumnya, dan antenatal care dengan kematian maternal akibat perdarahan obstetri.Kata kunci: determinan, kematian maternal, perdarahan obstetri.

scholarly journals Baseline blood count levels increase odds of cytopenia among CML patients in Kenya: a case control study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela McLigeyo ◽  
Jamilla Rajab ◽  
Peter Oyiro ◽  
Mohammed Ezzi ◽  
Yatich Bett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Case Control ◽  
P Value ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background Imatinib is the gold standard for the treatment of all phases of Philadelphia positive Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML). During treatment, patients may develop cytopenia. We aimed to study the baseline characteristics and factors associated with cytopenia at a Nairobi Hospital. Methods This was a retrospective case-control study of patients aged ≥ 18 years on follow-up at the Glivec International Patient Access Program (GIPAP) clinic from 2007–2015. The cases consisted of CML patients on imatinib who developed cytopenia. The controls were CML patients on imatinib who did not develop cytopenia. Baseline socio – demographic, clinical, hematologic, and molecular data were retrieved from patients’ files. Chi square or fishers’ exact tests were used to analyze for differences between cytopenia and no cytopenia. Binary logistic regressions were employed to identify relationships. Univariate and multivariate analyses were done to identify independent predictors of cytopenia. Odds ratios (OR) were presented including the 95% confidence intervals and respective p values. Results A total of 201 patients were studied. Males were 52%, 42% were aged 36–50 years, 70% had symptoms for > 12 months before diagnosis, 78.6% had B symptoms at baseline, 80% had a moderate splenomegaly at baseline, 40% and 37.4% developed cytopenia within 3 months and 3–6 months respectively after imatinib initiation. Baseline neutrophilia, neutropenia, anaemia, thrombocytosis, thrombocytopenia was found in 68%, 11%, 11%, 23.5% and 11% respectively. Baseline hemoglobin, neutrophil and platelet level were significantly different between the cytopenia and the no cytopenia group. On univariable analysis, baseline anemia with hb < 7.9g/dL (p = 0.002), neutropenia (p = 0.001), neutrophilia > 100,000/mm3 (p = 0.002) and thrombocytopenia (p = 0.001) increased the odds of developing cytopenia. On multivariable analysis, baseline anaemia (p value < 0.002), neutropenia (p value < 0.001), thrombocytopenia (p value, < 0.001) and thrombocytosis (p value, 0.033) increased the odds of developing cytopenia. Conclusion Odds of cytopenia were higher in presence of baseline cytopenia and thrombocytosis. Clinicians should have a high index of suspicion for these patients.

scholarly journals Hypertonic saline and adrenaline nebulization in the treatment of bronchiolitis: a retrospective study

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 2143
Author(s):  
Poornima Shankar ◽  
Jayalalitha S. Marol ◽  
Akash B. K.
Keyword(s):  
Hypertonic Saline ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Acute Illness ◽  
P Value ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Diagnostic Laboratory ◽  
Shorten Hospital Stay ◽  
Novel Treatment ◽  
Control Study

Background: Bronchiolitis is the leading cause of acute illness and hospitalization in young children. There is limited role for diagnostic laboratory or radiographic tests in typical cases of bronchiolitis. Several large recent trials have revealed lack of efficacy of either bronchodilators or corticosteroids. Novel treatment like hypertonic saline and adrenaline nebulizations need to be evaluated for their efficacy.Methods: In this retrospective case control study, we included children aged between 6 months to 2 years admitted for bronchiolitis between August 2017 till July 2018. Each of the 45 children treated with adrenaline nebulisation was assigned a child who was given hypertonic saline nebulization only matched for age and duration of symptoms.Results: 45 children given adrenaline nebulization and 45 children given only hypertonic saline nebulization were compared. Mean duration of stay for children treated with adrenaline nebulization was 5.3 days and those given hypertonic saline was 4.8 days.  p value of 0.29.Conclusions:  Adrenaline nebulization did not shorten hospital stay in children admitted for bronchiolitis as compared to children given hypertonic saline.

Correlation between BCG Immunization Status and The Incidence of Tuberculosis among Children

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
Annisa Nisa ◽  
Ulfa Hamdanah ◽  
Anita Dwi Ariyani
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Study Participant ◽  
P Value ◽  
Primary Health Center ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Immunization Status ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Control Study

Introduction: A children tend to have a high risk on the tuberculosis (TB) infection. BCG immunization is well known as effective way to protect the children from the infection of TB bacteria. Therefore, the study aim was to investigate a correlation between BCG immunization status and the incidence of tuberculosis among children. Methods: A retrospective case-control study design was used. In total 34 children, whose aged between 1 to 12 years old and visited Wonorejo Primary Health Center between September, 12nd to 16th 2019 recruited as study participant. The Chi-square test was used in this study. Results: There was a significant correlation between BCG immunization status and the incidence of tuberculosis among children with P value = .008, < .05. Conclusion: Among five from six children who did not received the BCG immunization were suffered with TB bacteria infection.  

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