scholarly journals Etiology and chemical composition of gall stone disease: a prospective observational study from the developing world

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed Mushtaq Ahmed Shah ◽  
Tahir Saleem Khan ◽  
Ravi Kumar ◽  
Tajddin Wani ◽  
Adil Shadab Indrabi
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Gall Stone ◽  
Stone Disease ◽  
Common Component ◽  
Calcium Bilirubinate ◽  
Gall Stones ◽  
Gall Stone Disease

Background: Aim of the study was to assess the etiology and determine the chemical composition of gallstones in our population.Methods: This was a prospective observational study conducted at GMC Srinagar from 2018 to 2020. One hundred patients having gall stone disease were enrolled into the study and after cholecystectomy was performed the stones chemical composition was analyzed by fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The data was collated and analysed.Results: 54 patients had mixed stones with chemical composition of cholesterol, calcium carbonate and calcium bilirubinate; 39 had cholesterol stones and 7 patients had pigmented stone with chemical composition of cholesterol, calcium carbonate and calcium bilirubinate.Conclusions: Our results suggest that cholesterol, either singularly or in combination with calcium carbonate or bilirubin is a common component of gall stones in our population.

scholarly journals A one-year study of cholelithiasis at a tertiary care hospital of South India

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 2444
Author(s):  
Ramalinga Reddy Rachamalla ◽  
Kishore Kumar Markapuram ◽  
Sreeram Satish
Keyword(s):  
Gall Stone ◽  
Stone Disease ◽  
Hormonal Contraceptives ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Mixed Diet ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Gall Stones ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Gall Stone Disease ◽  
One Year

Background: Gall stone disease is a chronic recurrent disease of hepatobiliary system characterised by formation of gall stones due to impaired metabolism of bile acids, cholesterol and bilirubin. The prevalence of cholelithiasis is variable and has been reported as 2-29% in India with differences in interstate and interregions. The objective of the present study was mainly focuses on the total clinical study with surgical management and their outcome.Methods: A prospective study for a period of one year was done after approval from ethical committee. The socio-demographic factors, clinical history, physical examination, laboratory investigations with ultrasound abdomen were done in all the cases. Surgical repair by Laparoscopic and open cholecystectomy was done.Results: Females were more predominant with male: female ratio of 1:1.97. Mean age of study population was 34.12±6.2 years and was more common during 5th decade of life. Pain in the hypochondrium was most common sign. Mixed stones were most common and mostly observed in cases of mixed diet. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was most commonly performed with zero conversion rate. Wound infection was the most common post-operative complication in both the types of repair.Conclusions: To conclude, from the present study females were more commonly affected by cholelithiasis than males with a ratio of 1:1.97. Females are more prone during fertile age and reasons are multifactorial due to hormones, parity and hormonal contraceptives. Gall stone disease is more common during fourth and fifth decade of life in both males and females. Mixed diet (non-vegetarian) is associated with increased risk of developing gall stones than vegetarian diet.

scholarly journals Association of metabolic syndrome with complicated gall stone disease: our experience

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 2543
Author(s):  
Narender Kumar ◽  
Somendra Bansal ◽  
Shalu Gupta ◽  
Bhanwar Lal Yadav ◽  
Pradeep Verma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
General Surgery ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Gall Stone ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
Stone Disease ◽  
P Value ◽  
Gall Stone Disease ◽  
Biliary Pathology ◽  
Surgery Department

Background: Gall stone disease is the most common biliary pathology and frequently encountered in our daily practice. Patients with gall stone that experienced at least one attack of acute cholecystitis is defined as complicated gall stone disease (CGSD). Aim of this study was to find out the association between complicated gall stone disease and the metabolic syndrome.Methods: This prospective, observational study was done from 1st March 2017 to 30th November 2018 in department of general surgery, SMS hospital Jaipur. All patients with cholelithiasis admitted in general surgery department were included. Metabolic syndrome was defined by adult treatment panel III (ATP III) criteria. All patients were divided in two groups: complicated gall stone disease (CGSD) and uncomplicated gall stone disease (UGSD).Results: Mean age was 47.2 years in CGSD group and 46.7 year in UGSD group. Female to male ratio was 8.2:1 in CGSD group and 4:1 in UGSD. Metabolic syndrome was presented in 64 patients (58.2%) of CGSD group and 24 patients (21.8%) of UGSD patients, which was statistically significant (OR 4.986, CI 2.763-8.995, p value <0.001). Five components of metabolic syndrome were compared in both CGSD group and UGSD group. Lower serum HDL-C level and hyperglycemias was statistically significant in CGSD group as compared to UGSD group.Conclusions: Metabolic syndrome can be use to predict complicated gall stone disease. Hyperglycaemia and lower HDL-C associated with CGSD. One should be aware about possible metabolic syndrome background when dealing with gall stone disease patients.

scholarly journals Over-the-Counter Drug Causing Acute Pancreatitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 232470962092272
Author(s):  
Swetha Parvataneni ◽  
Rajesh Essrani ◽  
Shehriyar Mehershahi ◽  
Rajesh Essrani ◽  
Ajeet Kumar Lohana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Gall Stone ◽  
Stone Disease ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Gall Stone Disease

Acute pancreatitis is caused by alcohol, gall stone disease, drugs, trauma, infections, and metabolic causes such as hypercalcemia and hyperlipidemia. Hypercalcemia-induced acute pancreatitis has been well documented but only rarely occurs due to over-the-counter calcium carbonate. In this article, we present a case of over-the-counter calcium carbonate–induced acute pancreatitis.

scholarly journals LAPAROSCOPIC SURGERY;

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (03) ◽  
pp. 529-534
Author(s):  
Umar Fayyaz Ghani ◽  
Faran Khan ◽  
Ameer Yasser Zaid ◽  
Khan Dost Afridi
Keyword(s):  
Gall Stone ◽  
Bile Leakage ◽  
Stone Disease ◽  
Safe Procedure ◽  
Conversion To Open Surgery ◽  
Iatrogenic Perforation ◽  
Gall Stones ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Gall Stone Disease ◽  
A Prospective Study

Objective: To observe the rate of complications during elective laparoscopiccholecystectomies. Design and study duration: It was a prospective study and was carried outfrom July 2011 to June 2012. Setting: The study was conducted at PAF Hospital Islamabad.Patients: 105 patients with gall stone disease who underwent elective laparoscopiccholecystectomy. Material and Methods: 105 patients ranging in age from 23yrs to 81yrs wereoperated. 12 were males and 93 were females. History, clinical examination and ultrasonographywere used to diagnose the presence of gall stones. Patients with acute symptoms were excludedfrom the study. Results: The main complications encountered were iatrogenic perforation of thegall bladder (8), haemorrhage (7), post-operative bile leakage (4), and large gut injury (1).Conversion to open surgery was done in three cases due to difficulty in identifying anatomy and incase of large gut injury. There was one death. Conclusions: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC)has become the preferred method of treatment in surgery for gall stone disease. A soundknowledge of the complications and their management makes this a safe procedure.

scholarly journals ASSOCIATION OF LIPID PROFILE WITH BODY MASS INDEX IN GALL STONE DISEASE

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Pravin Shirke ◽  
Dr. Suryakant Nagtilak
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Gall Stone ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Stone Disease ◽  
Gall Stones ◽  
Gall Stone Disease

Introduction: Gall stone disease is common in northern regions of India including Uttarakhand. It is traditionally seen in fat, fertile, female of fourty. Apart from this, age, obesity, hyperlipidemia, smoking & diabetes are other risk factors. Gall stones show more association with elevated levels of triglyceride and low high density lipoprotein (HDL-C) where less association with total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein (LDL-C). Increased prevalence of gall stone reported in overweight. This present study conducted with an aim to find out the co-relation of lipid profile, BMI (body mass index) and gall stones in Uttarakhand population attending Shridev Suman Subharti Medical College Teaching Hospital, Dehradun. Material & Methods: Total 120 patients (10 M, 110 F) were included in the study following confirmation of diagnosis of gall stones on ultrasound. Age, sex, dietary habits, occupation, medical history and drug history of each patient were recorded in predesigned, tested proforma. The BMI calculated as weight in Kg/height in meter square. BMI of 18 to 24.9 were regarded as normal, whereas, 25 to 29.9 as overweight, 30 to 39.9 as obese and above 40 as morbid obese. The serum cholesterol, LDL, HDL and Triglyceride were estimated on a fasting sample by keeping patient nil orally for 12hrs after their normal meal. Results: Out of total 120 patients, 110(91.67%) were female & 10(8.33%) were male, with female to male ratio 9:1. The age-group of 21 to 40 years was the most common, with 64(53.33%) patients belonging to this group. Triglyceride was raised in 35(29.17%) patients, total cholesterol was raised in 7(5.83%) patients and LDL was raised in 5(4.17%) patients. The cholesterol was lowered in 13(10.83%) patients, HDL was lowered in 8(6.66%) patients and triglyceride was lowered in 3(2.5%) patients. Triglyceride & LDL were raised in 4(3.3%) patients, cholesterol and triglyceride were raised in 3(2.5%) patients and cholesterol and HDL were lowered in 4 (3.33%) patients. Patients with BMI of 18.0-24.9 were 72(60.00%), BMI of 25-29.9 were 36(30.00%) and BMI of 30-39.9 were 9(7.50%) respectively. Conclusion: The present study on presence of Gall stones which are more commonly found in females aged 21 to 40 years. Raised levels of Triglyceride and lower levels of cholesterol are associated with gall stones. There is no association between Increased BMI & presence of gall stones. BMI is associated with higher level of   Triglyceride. Key Words: Gall stone, BMI, Triglyceride, Cholesterol, and HDL-C.

scholarly journals Is hypothyroidism a risk for gall stone disease? a study to assess the association

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
pp. 2665
Author(s):  
Yawar Zahoor Watali ◽  
Rahul Jain ◽  
Rajandeep Singh Bali ◽  
Ankul Mittal
Keyword(s):  
Gall Stone ◽  
Stone Disease ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Endocrine Disorders ◽  
Gall Stones ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Gall Stone Disease ◽  
Thyroid Profile

Background: Gall stones are one of the most common problems affecting the digestive tract requiring hospitalization. The disease frequently occurs in young, otherwise healthy people with a prevalence of 11-36 % on autopsy report. Thyroid diseases are, arguably, among the commonest endocrine disorders worldwide. In the present study, we have tried to determine an association between gall stone disease, and previously diagnosed and undiagnosed hypothyroidism in patients presenting to our hospital for treatment. The aim of this study was to determine association between gallstones and hypothyroidism and to study the prevalence of previously undiagnosed hypothyroidism in all patients of gallstones.Methods: The study was a hospital based cross sectional, observational study conducted on 200 patients with upper abdominal pain attending the Surgery OPD and Emergency over a period of 1 years. Patients were divided into 2 groups: Case group (100 patients) with gall stones on ultrasound and Control group (100 patients) without gall stones on ultrasound. Thyroid profile along with other biochemical investigations was done and both the groups were compared for the parameters.Results: Both groups were comparable for age and sex of the patients. On considering the thyroid profile of the patients in both the groups we observed that 14% of patients were hypothyroid in case group and 8% of the patients in control group. On comparing the two groups, there was no statistically significant difference in the prevalence of hypothyroidism (p value 0.175) between the two groups. There was a significant difference when serum cholesterol and bilirubin levels were compared between the two groups. 7 patients out of 100 cholelithiasis had Choledocolithiasis too, these patients had significantly raised cholesterol and deranged liver function tests.Conclusions: No significant relation between gallstones and hypothyroidism was found in this study (p value=0.175) and need further evaluation. Among the hypothyroid patients the incidence of gall stones was highest among 51-60 years of age so we recommend that TSH level should be measured for every patient with gallstone disease in this age range.

SP6.1.6 Rule of systematic intraoperative cholangiogram in patients undergoing emergency cholecystectomy

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fady Hatem ◽  
Sam Mostafa ◽  
Jenny Thomas ◽  
Ahmad Nassar
Keyword(s):  
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy ◽  
Cystic Duct ◽  
Gall Stone ◽  
Stone Disease ◽  
Cbd Stones ◽  
Gall Stones ◽  
Gall Stone Disease ◽  
Biliary Ducts ◽  
Emergency Cholecystectomy

Abstract Aims Incidence of gall stone disease is estimated at 10-15%of population. Intraoperative cholangiography (IOC) diagnose choledocholithiasis, delineates the anatomy of the biliary ducts, facilitate the dissection and reduces injuries. Our aim is to assess the feasibility and role of IOC and the incidence of choledocholithiasis in acute cholecystitis (ACC). Methods Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data for patients admitted with ACC and undergoing same-hospital-stay laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). IOC was systematically attempted in all cases. Results 475cases included. Female to male ratio1.9:1. Conversion to open was done in 3 cases. Preoperative cholelithiasis was confirmed in 439cases versus 34cases with no stones. USS CBD abnormality (dilated or contain stone) found in 53 cases, out of which 8(15%) cases had CBD stones. Jaundice was found in 69cases, where 25(39%) cases had confirmed choledocholithiasis. IOC was successful in all cases except one. Abnormal IOC was found in 99(21%) cases. Of those; CBD stones were confirmed in 76 (77%) cases regardless the presence of cholelithisasis on USS. Empyema was found in 237 cases and it was associated with higher risk of abnormal IOC in 59(25%) cases where CBD stones were confirmed in 45(76%) cases. Cystic duct (CD) stones found in 80cases, of those 27(34%)cases had choledocholithiasis. Conclusions Females have double the risk of ACC. Preoperative jaundice and CD stones are stronger indicators than CBD diameter for presence of choledocholithiasis. The incidence of choledocholithiasis in ACC is (20-25%) regardless the presence of gall stones on USS. IOC is feasible and highly recommended in emergency LC.

scholarly journals OBSERVATIONS ON SOME CAUSES OF GALL STONE FORMATION

1924 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peyton Rous ◽  
Philip D. McMaster ◽  
Douglas R. Drury
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Gall Bladder ◽  
General Problem ◽  
Stone Formation ◽  
Gall Stone ◽  
Calcium Bilirubinate ◽  
Gall Stones ◽  
Glass Tubes ◽  
Gall Stone Formation

Gall stones frequently form in dogs intubated for the collection of bile under sterile conditions, in the absence of stasis and of gall bladder influence. The stones consist almost entirely of two substances—calcium carbonate and calcium bilirubinate—and they are remarkably uniform in character, as would follow from the limiting conditions of their development. They are not the result of bile loss, for similar ones may be recovered from the wall of glass tubes interpolated in ducts with intestinal connection undisturbed. The study of them has brought out evidence on the general problem of cholelithiasis. Some factors in their causation and that of gall stones as a class will be considered in succeeding papers.

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