scholarly journals Correlation of the expression of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor and HER2/neu with the clinical features and the tumour histopathology in patients of breast carcinoma at mahavir cancer sansthan

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 2401
Author(s):  
Kumari B. Lata ◽  
Surya K. Nirala
Keyword(s):  
Breast Carcinoma ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Tumor Size ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Radical Mastectomy ◽  
Duct Cell ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Stage Of Disease ◽  
Positive Lymph Nodes

Background: Breast carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor and the leading cause of cancer death in women, with more than 10,00,000 cases occurring worldwide annually. Its incidence varies from one geographical area to the other.Methods: Cases of all breast conservative surgeries and modified radical mastectomy specimen received for routine histopathological evaluation from the department of onco Surgery, Mahavir Cancer Sansthan, Patna, Bihar, form the source of data for the study.Results: Infiltrating duct cell carcinoma (NOS) type was the commonest type of carcinoma breast in our institute with significant group occurring in more than 45 years of age. ER and PR positive expression was seen in grade 2 tumors and negative expression was seen with tumor size more than 2cm, positive lymph nodes and higher stage of disease. HER2/neu negative expression was seen in the post-menopausal age group, tumor size more than 2 cm, positive lymph nodes and higher stage of disease indicating bad prognosis. HER2/neu expression was inversely related to ER and PR expression. HER2/neu expression was seen in 50% of medullary carcinoma which is rare. Triple negative cases were seen in 22.08% cases of infiltrating duct cell carcinoma indicating bad prognosis.Conclusions: A beforehand knowledge of these immunohistochemical markers can help oncotherapists to initiate a correct form of treatment and improve the survival rate in breast carcinoma patients.

Renal Lymph Nodes for Tumor Staging: Appraisal of 871 Nephrectomies With Examination of Hilar Fat

2013 ◽  
Vol 137 (11) ◽  
pp. 1584-1590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikas Mehta ◽  
Kumaran Mudaliar ◽  
Ritu Ghai ◽  
Marcus L. Quek ◽  
John Milner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Microscopic Examination ◽  
Renal Cell ◽  
Fatty Tissue ◽  
Renal Malignancies ◽  
Positive Lymph Nodes

Context.—Despite decades of research, the role of lymphadenectomy in the management of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is still not clearly defined. Before the implementation of targeted therapies, lymph node metastases were considered to be a portent of markedly decreased survival, regardless of the tumor stage. However, the role of lymphadenectomy and the relative benefit of retroperitoneal lymph node dissection in the context of modern adjunctive therapies have not been conclusively addressed in the clinical literature. The current pathologic literature does not offer clear recommendations with regard to the minimum number of lymph nodes that should be examined in order to accurately stage the pN in renal cell carcinoma. Although gross examination of the hilar fat to assess the nodal status is performed routinely, it has not yet been determined whether this approach is adequate. Objective.—To evaluate the status of lymph nodes and their rate of identification in the pathologic examination of nephrectomy specimens in adult renal malignancies. Design.—We reviewed the operative and pathology reports of 871 patients with renal malignancies treated by nephrectomy. All tumors were classified according to the seventh edition of the Tumor-Nodes-Metastasis classification. Patients were divided into 3 groups: Nx, no lymph nodes recovered; N0, negative; and N1, with positive lymph nodes. Grossly visible lymph nodes were submitted separately; as per grossing protocol, hilar fatty tissue was submitted for microscopic examination. We evaluated the factors that affected the number of lymph nodes identified and the variables that allowed the prediction of nodal involvement. Results.—Lymph nodes were recovered in 333 of 871 patients (38%): hilar in 125 patients, nonhilar in 137 patients, and hilar and nonhilar in 71 patients. Patients with positive lymph nodes (n = 87) were younger, had larger primary tumors, and had lymph nodes of average size, as well as a higher pT stage, nuclear grade, and rate of metastases. Metastases were seen only in grossly identified lymph nodes (65% hilar, 16% nonhilar); all microscopic nodes were negative. Even with the microscopic examination of fat, hilar lymph nodes were recovered in only 22.5% of patients. A nonhilar route of node metastasis was suspected in 40 patients. Conclusions.—Only grossly identifiable lymph nodes, both hilar and nonhilar, were positive for metastases. Although microscopic examination of the hilar fat increased the number of lymph nodes recovered, the identification rate of these nodes was low (22.5%), and such microscopic nodes were invariably negative. Hence, microscopic examination of the hilar fat may be unnecessary.

scholarly journals Assessment of Pathological Response of Breast Carcinoma in Modified Radical Mastectomy Specimens after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhanya Vasudevan ◽  
P. S. Jayalakshmy ◽  
Suresh Kumar ◽  
Siji Mathew
Keyword(s):  
Breast Carcinoma ◽  
Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Tumor Response ◽  
Ductal Carcinoma ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Radical Mastectomy ◽  
Tumor Characteristics ◽  
Modified Radical Mastectomy ◽  
Tumor Bed

Aim. Paclitaxel based neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimen (NAT) in the setting of locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) can render inoperable tumor (T4, N2/N3) resectable. The aim of this study was to assess the status of carcinoma in the breast and lymph nodes after paclitaxel based NAT in order to find out the patient and the tumor characteristics that correspond to the pathological responses which could be used as a surrogate biomarker to assess the treatment response.Materials and Methods. Clinical and tumor characteristics of patients with breast carcinoma (n=48) were assessed preoperatively. These patients were subjected to modified radical mastectomy after 3 courses of paclitaxel based NAT regimen. The pathological responses of the tumor in the breast and the lymph nodes were studied by using Chevallier’s system which graded the responses into pathological complete response (pCR), pathological partial response (pPR), and pathological no response (pNR).Results. Our studies showed a pCR of 27.1% and a pPR of 70.9% . Clinically small sized tumors (2–5 cms) and Bloom Richardson’s grade 1 tumors showed a pCR. Mean age at presentation was 50.58 yrs. 79.2% of cases were invasive ductal carcinoma NOS; only 2.1% were invasive lobular carcinoma, their response to NAT being the same. There was no downgrading of the tumor grades after NAT. Ductal carcinoma in situ and lymphovascular invasion were found to be resistant to chemotherapy. The histopathological changes noted in the lymph nodes were similar to that found in the tumor bed.Discussion and Conclusion. From our study we conclude that histopathological examination of the tumor bed is the gold standard for assessing the chemotherapeutic tumor response. As previous studies have shown pCR can be used as a surrogate biomarker to assess the tumor response.

scholarly journals Role of Pelvic Exenteration in the Treatment of Persistent or Recurrent Gynecological Cancers

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matteo Maruccio ◽  
◽  
Alessia Aloisi ◽  
Carlo Personeni ◽  
Michela Palumbo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Tumor Size ◽  
Pelvic Exenteration ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Primary Treatment ◽  
Oncologic Outcomes ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Positive Lymph Nodes

Objective: To assess the oncological outcomes of Persistent/Recurrent Gynaecological Cancers who underwent Pelvic Exenteration (PE) in terms of DFS and OS in a 23 years-single center experience. Secondary outcome was to identify factors associated with recurrence. Methods: From June 1996 to March 2019, data of all patients who underwent PE were retrospectively collected. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate DFS and OS. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify potential independently associated predictors of recurrence. Results: 192 patients were considered for final analysis. After surgery 77 women (40.1%) received a post-operative oncologic treatment. Overall 106 patients (55.2%) experienced a relapse with a median follow-up of 58 months (range, 2 to 236 months). Presence of LVI (adjusted HR 2.2, 95% CI 1-4.9, P=0.05) was the only factor that retained an independent association with relapse at multivariable analysis. Positive lymph nodes were associated with death at univariable analysis (HR 3.9, 95% CI 1.7-9.4, P=0.002). When stratifying patients by cervical cancer, among 115 women, 67 (58.3%) relapsed. Presence of LVI (HR 2.7, 95% CI 1.1-6.6, P=0.02) and patients with pathologic risk factors such as tumor size, positive lymph nodes and LVI (HR 3.1, 95% CI 1.4-6.8, P=0.005) were associated with recurrence both at univariable and multivariable analysis. Conclusion: Pelvic exenteration may have a therapeutic role in cervical and endometrial tumors that recur at least 6 months after primary treatment. Patients affected by vulvar cancer or either with tumor size >5 cm, positive lymph nodes, LVI have worse oncologic outcomes.

scholarly journals Clinical Characteristics and Prognosis of Ovarian Clear Cell Carcinoma: A 10-Year Retrospective Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenchen Zhu ◽  
Jing Zhu ◽  
Lili Qian ◽  
Hanyuan Liu ◽  
Zhen Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Clear Cell ◽  
Clear Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Supporting Evidence ◽  
Ovarian Clear Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Positive Lymph Nodes

Abstract Background Ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) is a special pathological type of epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC), we conducted this research in order to investigate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of OCCC and to provide additional supporting evidence to aid in the clinical diagnosis and management. Methods This was a retrospective study investigating the clinical characteristics and survival outcomes of 87 patients with OCCC treated at our center between January 2010 and March 2020. Survival analysis was also performed on 179 patients with OCCC obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) cancer registry database. Results The median age of participants was 49.28 ± 9.8 years old, with 74.71% diagnosed at early stage. Median CA125 level was 607.26 IU/mL, with 23.94% having normal CA125 levels. 16 patients (18.39%) had co-existing endometriosis and 8 patients (9.2%) developed venous thromboembolism (VTE). There were 5 patients received suboptimal cytoreduction. 67 patients (77.01%) underwent lymphadenectomy, and only 3 (4.48%) were found to have positive lymph nodes. Patients diagnosed at an early stage had higher 3-year overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) rates than those with advanced stage OCCC. CA199 (P = 0.025) and ascites (P = 0.001) were significantly associated with OS, while HE4 (P = 0.027) and ascites (P = 0.001) were significantly associated with PFS. Analysis of data from the SEER database showed that positive lymph nodes is also an independent prognostic factor for OS (P = 0.001). Conclusions OCCC often presents at an early stage and young age with a mildly elevated CA125. CA199, HE4, massive ascites and positive lymph node are independent prognostic factors.

A comparison of prognoses of FIGO stage IB adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma

2004 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ayhan ◽  
R. A. Al ◽  
C. Baykal ◽  
E. Demirtas ◽  
K. YÜCE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Tumor Size ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Figo Stage ◽  
Stage Ib ◽  
Disease Free

Objectives: The objective of this study was to compare clinical and pathologic variables and prognosis of FIGO stage IB adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of uterine cervix.MethodsA retrospective review was performed of 521 patients with stage IB squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of cervix who treated primarily by type 3 hysterectomy and pelvic and/or para-aortic lymphadenectomy at Hacettepe University Hospitals between 1980 and 1997.ResultsAge, tumor size, grade, depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, parametrial, vaginal, and lymphvascular space involvement (LVSI) were not different between two cell types except number of the lymph nodes involved. Metastasis to three or more lymph nodes was significantly higher in adenocarcinoma. Overall and disease-free survival were 87.7%, 84.0% versus 86.4%, 83.1% for squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma, respectively (P > 0.05). The rate and site of recurrence were not different between two cell types. Multivariate analysis of disease-free and overall survival revealed independent prognostic factors as tumor size, LVSI, number of involved lymph node, and vaginal involvement.ConclusionPrognosis of FIGO stage IB cervical cancer patients who were treated by primarily radical surgery was found to be same for those with adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma.

73: Preoperative and Intraoperative Features Associated with Positive Lymph Nodes During Nephrectomy for Renal Cell Carcinoma

2006 ◽  
Vol 175 (4S) ◽  
pp. 24-25
Author(s):  
R. Houston Thompson ◽  
Christine M. Lohse ◽  
Igor Frank ◽  
Horst Zincke ◽  
Michael L. Blute ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Renal Cell ◽  
Positive Lymph Nodes
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