scholarly journals Risk factors for the diabetic foot infection with multidrug-resistant microorganisms in South India

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manikandan Kathirvel ◽  
Viswakumar Prabakaran ◽  
Jayalakshmi Jayarajan ◽  
Ajay Sivakumar ◽  
Vimalkumar Govindan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Foot Ulcers ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Recurrent Ulcer ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Organisms ◽  
Recurrent Ulcers

Background: To analyse the risk-factors contributing to infection with multidrug-resistant organisms.Methods: 150 diabetic patients with foot ulcer were prospectively studied. Detailed clinical history and clinical examination of the ulcer were done for all patients. The microbiological profile was analyzed for each patient. Using internationally accepted criteria, the multidrug-resistant organisms were identified. Risk factors for acquiring MDRO infection were identified using appropriate statistical tools.Results: MDRO were isolated from 99 patients of 150 (66%). 54.8% (153 out of 279) of isolated organisms were multidrug-resistant organisms. By univariate analysis poor glycaemic control, previous hospitalisation, previous history of amputation, previous antibiotic usage, size of the ulcer, necrotic ulcer, recurrent ulcers, higher grade of ulcer, the presence of osteomyelitis, the presence of retinopathy, peripheral vascular disease, neuropathy and polymicrobial culture, were significantly associated with MDRO infected foot ulcers. Analysis by logistic regression indicated that only two factors significantly increased the risk of acquiring MDRO infection. They are recurrent ulcer (OR = 3.39, p <0.05, 95% CI = 1.081-10.664) and higher grade of ulcer (OR = 13.44, p <0.001, 95 % CI =3.595-50.278).Conclusions: The prevalence of MDRO is alarmingly high in infected diabetic foot ulcers. Recurrent ulcers and higher grade of ulcers are more prone to acquire MDROs.

scholarly journals The Influence of Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria on Clinical Outcomes of Diabetic Foot Ulcers: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1948
Author(s):  
Gianmarco Matta-Gutiérrez ◽  
Esther García-Morales ◽  
Yolanda García-Álvarez ◽  
Francisco Javier Álvaro-Afonso ◽  
Raúl Juan Molines-Barroso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Healing Time ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Foot Ulcers ◽  
Resistant Organism ◽  
Diabetic Foot Ulcers ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Organisms

Multidrug-resistant organism infections have become important in recent years due to the increased prevalence of diabetic foot ulcers and their possible consequences. This study aimed to systematically review and evaluate ulcer duration, healing time, hospital stay, amputation, and mortality rates in patients with diabetic foot ulcers caused by infection with multidrug-resistant organisms. PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were searched in May 2020 to find observational studies in English about the clinical outcomes of multidrug-resistant organism infection in diabetic foot ulcers. Eight studies met the inclusion criteria, and these studies included 923 patients. The overall methodological quality of the study was moderate. Ulcer duration was described in six studies, and there was no practical association with multidrug-resistant organisms. Two out of three studies reported a longer healing time in multidrug-resistant organism infections than in non-multidrug-resistant organism infections. Clinical outcomes included the duration of hospitalisation, surgeries, amputations, and deaths. Lower limb amputation was the most reported clinical outcome in the included studies, and was more prevalent in the multidrug-resistant organism infections. We concluded that there was not enough evidence that multidrug-resistant organisms hindered the healing of diabetic foot ulcers. In contrast to the clinical outcomes, multidrug-resistant organisms affect both amputation rates and mortality rates.

scholarly journals Diabetic Foot Risk Factors and Effectiveness of Education in Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
pp. 48-53
Author(s):  
Mohammad Saqib Siddiqui ◽  
Abdulaziz Fehaid Alotaibi ◽  
Fahad Mohammed Saeed Alharthi ◽  
Abdullatif Meshal Almalawi ◽  
Ahmed Zayed Asiri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Diabetes Education ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
History Of ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Educational Campaigns

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease with a remarkable global burden on the affected patients and healthcare systems. Among the reported complications, the diabetic foot has been reported to be a common one, which might be disabling, resulting in related amputations. Furthermore, we will provide evidence regarding the effect of education on the awareness and knowledge of diabetic Saudis about diabetic foot risk factors and management practices. Different risk factors were reported for developing diabetic foot among patients with DM. These will be studied in the current literature review, focusing on evidence that was conducted in Saudi Arabia. Age, gender, type of diabetes, education, duration of the disease, peripheral neuropathy, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, peripheral vascular disease, ischemic heart disease, renal artery disease, having a previous history of diabetic foot, and hypertension were all reported to be significant factors that were associated with the risk of developing diabetic foot across the Kingdom. The level of knowledge was variable across the different investigations. However, there is a poor attitude in general about the appropriate care practices of diabetic foot. Although it has been demonstrated that educational campaigns are effective, further efforts are still needed to increase awareness and attitude levels among diabetic patients in Saudi Arabia.

Diabetic foot ulcer and multidrug-resistant organisms: risk factors and impact

2004 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 710-715 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Hartemann-Heurtier ◽  
J. Robert ◽  
S. Jacqueminet ◽  
G. Ha Van ◽  
J. L. Golmard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Foot Ulcer ◽  
Diabetic Foot Ulcer ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Organisms

scholarly journals Incidence and Risk Factors of Diabetic Foot Ulcer: A Population-Based Diabetic Foot Cohort (ADFC Study)—Two-Year Follow-Up Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Yazdanpanah ◽  
Hajieh Shahbazian ◽  
Iraj Nazari ◽  
Hamid Reza Arti ◽  
Fatemeh Ahmadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Foot Ulcer ◽  
Diabetic Foot Ulcer ◽  
Population Based ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Foot Deformity ◽  
History Of

Aim/Introduction. This study was carried out to assess the incidence and risk factors of diabetic foot ulcer (DFU). Materials and Methods. In this prospective cohort study in a university hospital, all the participants were examined and followed up for new DFU as final outcome for two years. To analyze the data, the variables were first evaluated with a univariate analysis. Then variables with P value < 0.2 were tested with a multivariate analysis, using backward-elimination multiple logistic regression. Results. Among 605 patients, 39 cases had DFU, so we followed up the remaining 566 patients without any present or history of DFU. A two-year cumulative incidence of diabetic foot ulcer was 5.62% (95% CI 3.89–8.02). After analysis, previous history of DFU or amputation [OR = 9.65, 95% CI (2.13–43.78), P value = 0.003], insulin usage [OR = 5.78, 95% CI (2.37–14.07), P value < 0.01], gender [OR = 3.23, 95% CI (1.33–7.83), P value = 0.01], distal neuropathy [OR = 3.37, 95% CI (1.40–8.09), P value = 0.007], and foot deformity [OR = 3.02, 95% CI (1.10–8.29), P value = 0.032] had a statistically significant relationship with DFU incidence. Conclusion. Our data showed that the average annual DFU incidence is about 2.8%. Independent risk factors of DFU development were previous history of DFU or amputation, insulin consumption, gender, distal neuropathy, and foot deformity. These findings provide support for a multifactorial etiology for DFU.

Study the susceptibility pattern of bacteria isolated from infected wounds and determine various risk factors associated with foot ulcer

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 52-58
Author(s):  
Divya C Reddy ◽  
Ashin Vareeth ◽  
Bonnie Ascah Joseph ◽  
Anu Thomas ◽  
Sheba Baby John ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Chronic Wounds ◽  
Chronic Wound ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Foot Ulcer ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Foot Ulcers ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Factors Associated

Studying of bacteria prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility in samples from foot ulcer patients with chronic wounds will provide the epidemiological information on chronic wound infections, representing support for diagnosis, treatment and management of this pathology, thus preventing further complications of foot infection. There are many risk factors associated with a foot ulcer, so identifying those risk factors and preventing them will help in reducing the incidence of the disease to a certain extend.  Identifying the type of organisms causing the chronic wound infection, antibiotic sensitivity and resistance representing support for diagnosis, treatment and management thus preventing further complications of foot infection, and to understand the significant risk factors associated with the development of foot ulcers. An interventional study was conducted among the 80 patients with foot ulcers admitted in General surgery ward of a medical college teaching hospital from Dec 2018 to May 2019. Antimicrobial susceptibility results showed that gram-negative organism was more prevalent and among the species, the isolated majority was found to be Staphylococcus aureus 28 (0.35%) followed by Klebsiella 16(20%) and E.coli15(18.75%). The most sensitive antibiotic found was Meropenam70 (87.5%) followed by Imipenam 67(83.75%) and Linezolid 65(81.25%) The most resistant antibiotic was Cotrimoxazole 66(82.5%). This study concludes that high proportion of foot ulcers were found amongst diabetic patients than non-diabetic patients, and were often associated with trauma, cellulitis, gangrene. Some of the critical risk factors for foot ulcers included low educational status, previous history of foot ulcer, previous amputation was done, duration of ulcers, smoking, peripheral neuropathy, infection and HbA1c levels of patients.

scholarly journals Profile, Bacteriology, and Risk Factors for Foot Ulcers among Diabetics in a Tertiary Hospital in Calabar, Nigeria

Ulcers ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akaninyene Asuquo Otu ◽  
Victor Aniedi Umoh ◽  
Okon Ekwere Essien ◽  
Ofem Egbe Enang ◽  
Henry Ohem Okpa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Average Duration ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
Sensory Neuropathy ◽  
Economic Problem ◽  
Foot Ulcers ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Foot Disease

Diabetic foot disease is a major medical, social, and economic problem. This retrospective study assessed the profile of diabetes mellitus patients with foot ulcers in the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital (UCTH), Nigeria. Admission records of all patients admitted unto the medical wards of UCTH over a 5 year period were analysed. The records of diabetic patients were retrieved. Data on patient characteristics and possible risk factors for diabetes mellitus foot ulcers was extracted. Of the 3,882 patients admitted, 297 (7%) were on account of complications of diabetes mellitus. Foot ulcers accounted for 63 (21.2%) of all diabetic admissions. The elderly constituted the majority of patients admitted with foot ulcers. The average duration of stay of diabetics with foot ulcers was 38.5 days. Diabetics admitted for other conditions had average duration of admission of 15.8 days. Staphylococcus aureus was the commonest organism isolated from swabs of foot ulcers. Most of the organisms identified from ulcer swab cultures were sensitive to quinolones and resistant to penicillins. These diabetic foot ulcers were significantly associated with peripheral sensory neuropathy, peripheral vascular disease, intermittent claudication, and walking barefoot. An effective diabetes foot programme is required to address these risk factors and reverse the current trend.

Risk factors and healing impact of multidrug-resistant bacteria in diabetic foot ulcers

2008 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 363-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.-L. Richard ◽  
A. Sotto ◽  
N. Jourdan ◽  
C. Combescure ◽  
D. Vannereau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Foot Ulcers ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Diabetic Foot Ulcers ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Bacteria
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