scholarly journals East surgical ward enteric perforation score: a new statistically valid scoring criteria for decision between repair or ileostomy in patients with peritonitis due to enteric perforation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Siddique Ammar ◽  
Syed Asghar Naqi ◽  
Zahra Sattar ◽  
Farwa Inayat ◽  
Affifa Liaquat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Operative Procedure ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Surgical Ward ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
Enteric Perforation ◽  
Male To Female

Background: Enteric fever leading to enteric perforation is very common surgical emergency in the developing nations. The two surgical solutions used worldwide are to repair or exteriorize the perforation as ileostomy. The aim of the study was to setup and validate a statistically reliable scoring system for decision between repair and ileostomy in patients with peritonitis due to enteric perforation.Methods: It was an observational cross-sectional study done at East Surgical Ward of Mayo Hospital, Lahore. 256 patients were selected by consecutive non-probability sampling after ethical approval. The duration of study was 2 years from 1st August to 2018 to 30th July 2020. Patients with age more than 13 years presented in emergency department with diagnosis of peritonitis due to enteric perforation were included. A preformed scoring criterion named as East surgical ward enteric perforation (ESWEP) score was set by giving each variable a score of 1 to 3. Cut-off value between repair and ileostomy was observed.Results: 142 (55.4%) patients were male and 114 (44.5%) were female. Male to female ratio was 1: 1.24. The average age of patients is about 37 years with SD of ±9.67 years. ROC curve showed cut-off of pre-operative ESWEP score of 4 (sensitivity78%, specificity of 88%), per operative score of 7 (sensitivity 96%, specificity of 85%) and total ESWEP score of 11 (sensitivity 94%, specificity of 88%).Conclusions: ESWEP score is new score which helps in standardization of operative procedure done for the patients with peritonitis due to enteric perforation.

HIV Prevalence and Frequency of Risk Behavior in Injecting Drug Users Entering Treatment and Out of Treatment: A Cross-Sectional Study in Five Italian Cities

1994 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 527-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Rezza ◽  
Stefania Salmaso ◽  
Damiano Abeni ◽  
Giovanna Brancato ◽  
Alessandra Anemona ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Behavior ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Injecting Drug Users ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Outreach Programs ◽  
Male To Female

We conducted a study to describe current patterns of drug-related behaviors, and to identify characteristics that may distinguish injecting drug users entering treatment from those out of treatment, in five Italian cities. Overall, 1,180 subjects were recruited — 568 entering treatment and 612 out of treatment. Male to female ratio was 6.6:1. The median age was similar in the two groups. A high proportion of injecting drug users recruited out of treatment had been in treatment at least once. HIV prevalence among injecting drug users entering treatment was not higher than that of those who were out of treatment. Furthermore, a large proportion of injecting drug users who still were out of treatment reported having adopted safe behaviors. The results of the study emphasize the need to implement outreach programs aimed at harm reduction.

scholarly journals NORMAL PLANTAR FASCIA THICKNESS IN ADULT

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
Yusak Mangara Tua Siahaan ◽  
Pricilla Yani Gunawan ◽  
Jeffry Foraldy Haryanto ◽  
Veli Sungono
Keyword(s):  
Plantar Fasciitis ◽  
Plantar Fascia ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Heel Pain ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
History Of ◽  
Male To Female

Background: Plantar fasciitis is a common problem caused by thickening of the plantar fascia. The normal plantar fascia thickness ranged between 2-3 mm and it was generally accepted that value more than 4mm was considered pathologic. Objective: to identify normal plantar fascia thickness in adults using ultrasonography. Methods: This is a cross sectional study measuring the thickness of plantar fascia in 145 subjects with no history of heel pain. Plantar fascia thickness was measured in both feet using an ultrasound. Age, height and weight were recorded and analysed. Results: As much as 145 subjects were included in this study. Male to female ratio was 0.7. Mean age was 44 and body mass index (BMI) was mostly within normal range. Plantar fascia thickness in male was 2.71 ± 0.48 mm in right foot, and 2.74 ± 0.47 mm in left foot. Fascia thickness in female was 2.55 ± 0.50 mm in right foot, and 2.57 ± 0.45 mm in left foot. There was a significant plantar fascia thickness difference between male and female (p = 0.035 in right foot, and p=0.04 in left foot). Age, weight and BMI had a significant correlation towards plantar fascia thickness. In multivariate analysis, age and BMI revealed to have a linear correlation to plantar fascia thickness Conclusion: Age and BMI were found to be the best predictive factor of plantar fascia thickness.

scholarly journals Profile of Secondary Glaucoma in a Tertiary Eye Hospital of Eastern Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-103
Author(s):  
Jamuna Gurung ◽  
Rakshya Pant Sitoula ◽  
Anjani Kumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Optic Atrophy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Secondary Glaucoma ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Poor Vision ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Male To Female

Background: To determine the clinical profile and causes of various types of secondary glaucoma. Materials and methods : This was a hospital-based cross-sectional study conducted in a tertiary eye hospital of eastern Nepal from 1st June to 30th November, 2017. Patients who met the criteria for secondary glaucoma underwent detailed ophthalmic examination. Results : Out of 7079 patients diagnosed with glaucoma or glaucoma suspects, 528 (7.4%) had secondary glaucoma. The mean age at presentation was 52 ± 17 years with male to female ratio of 1.5:1. The most common cause was lens induced 173 (32.8%) followed by neovascular 107 (20.3%), steroid induced 86 (16.3%), traumatic 76 (14.4%), post-vitrectomy 17 (3.2%), uveitic 11 (2.1%), pseudophakic 10 (1.9%), aphakic 8 (1.5%), post-keratoplasty 5 (0.9%) and miscellaneous included 35 (6.6%). Post-traumatic 31 (29.5%) was more prevalent below 41 years while lens induced glaucoma 86 (49%) above 60 years of age. At presentation, the average IOP was 40 ± 11 mmHg. 36 (6.8%) had no light perception in the presenting eye and a large number of participants 307 (58.1%) presented with visual acuity of <3/60 to perception of light. Glaucomatous optic atrophy was found in 22 (9.0%) cases.  Conclusion : The causes of secondary glaucoma are diverse, lens induced glaucoma being most common. Most patients present late with poor vision, high IOP and even glaucomatous optic atrophy. So, early identification and treatment of the causes is important so that we can prevent the burden of blindness due to secondary glaucoma.

scholarly journals The Frequency of Common Complications of Veress Needle in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 4-9
Author(s):  
Faiz -Ur- Rahman ◽  
Fazli Junaid ◽  
Bilal Khattak ◽  
Azhar Shah ◽  
Arshad Amin
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Wall ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Veress Needle ◽  
Common Complication ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Needle Technique ◽  
Male To Female

METHODOLOGYThe study was conducted in department of surgery, Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar within six months and it was descriptive cross sectional study. In this study a total of 177 patients were observed. The age ranges were 21 to 65 years and male to female ratio was 1:2. The most common complication was abdominal wall hemorrhage in 22% patients while 18% patients had omental injury. The abdominal wall emphysema was observed in 10% patients.OBJECTIVETo determine the frequency of common complications of Veress Needle used for creating pneumoperitoneum in laparoscopic cholecystectomyCONCLUSIONOur study showed that veress needle technique is safe, easy and cost effective for primary access to create pneumoperitonium.

scholarly journals Ocular morbidity among children of Baglung, Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-95
Author(s):  
Dikchhya Sharma ◽  
Ashik Rajak ◽  
Sabina Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Eye Health ◽  
Ocular Disorders ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
Ocular Morbidity ◽  
Male To Female

Background: Development of the visual system occurs during childhood and is completed by eight years of life. Ocular disorders occurring during this period can lead to visual impairment which can have a lifelong impact on the life of the child. Early detection and treatment of ocular problems among children minimizes the risk of visual impairment and amblyopia. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the pattern of ocular morbidity among children attending the health camp in Baglung. Methodology: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted to determine the pattern of ocular morbidity among children in the western region of Nepal, Baglung district. The study was conducted in the month of December 2019 for 2 days after receiving ethical approval. All data obtained were analyzed according to age, sex and pattern of ocular morbidity and were expressed in frequency, percentage and mean as applicable. Convenience sampling technique was used. Results: Five hundred and thirty two children were evaluated in the study. Among them, 143 (26.87%) had ocular morbidity. The mean age of children with ocular morbidity was 9.6± 5.4 years. The total male to female ratio was 1.18:1 and that amongst those with ocular morbidities was seen to be 2.04:1.1. The most common ocular morbidity was refractive error in 43(8.08%) followed by conjunctival in 32(6.01%) and lid disorders in 29(5.45%) respectively. Conclusion: Most of the morbidities observed were either preventable or treatable, therefore, eye health camp is an effective method to identify them.

scholarly journals VALIDITY OF ALVARADO SCORING SYSTEM IN DIAGNOSIS OF ACUTE APPENDICITIS

1969 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 663-666
Author(s):  
ASGHAR ALI ◽  
ABDUR RAHMAN ◽  
FAZAL RAHIM
Keyword(s):  
Acute Appendicitis ◽  
Scoring System ◽  
Iliac Fossa ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Alvarado Score ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Suspected Appendicitis ◽  
Surgical Ward ◽  
Male To Female

BACKGROUND: The first appendectomy was performed by Claudius Amyand in 1736 when he wasoperating on a boy for hernia and found appendix lying in hernial sac. Reginald Fitz introduced the wordappendicitis in 1886 and before that it was called typhlitis or perityphlitis.Frederick Treves performedthe lstappendicle surgery in England for the new disease ‘appendicitis’ in 1887.OBJECTIVE: To study the accuracy of modified Alvarado scorning system in diagnosis of acuteappendicitis.MATERIAL & METHODS: This descriptive cross sectional study was conducted at DHQ HospitalTimergara Dir lower from January 2015 to July 2015 to find out the accuracy of Alvarado Scoringsystem in the diagnoses of acute appendicitis. A total of 50 patients admitted in surgical ward from OPDand Casualty with suspected appendicitis were included in the study. Patients less than 7 years andpatients with mass right iliac fossa were excluded. Every patient was evaluated with modified Alvaradoscoring system on a standard Proforma. Patients with Alvarado score of > 6 underwent appendectomy.The removed appendices were sent for histopathology to confirm or otherwise the provisional diagnosisof acute appendicitis and hence the accuracy of Alvarado scoring system.RESULTS: Out of 50 patients, 20 were male &30 were female with a male to female ratio of 1:1.5. Themean age of the patients was 19.7 ± 9.6years. The mean Alvarado score was 7.92 ± 1.383. TheHistopathology reports of the specimens of 37 patients were confirmative of acute appendicitis whereasthe rest of the (13 patients) removed appendices were reported normal by histopathalogist. So thesensitivity is 74%.CONCLUSION: Our study shows that Alvarado scoring system is a simple and quick tool in theevaluation and management of suspected cases of acute appendicitis. Its accuracy increases if used inpatients above 14 years of age.KEYWORD: Alvarado scoring system, Appendicitis, Accuracy.

scholarly journals Hematological profile derangement in newborns as an outcome of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yohana Silas Mtali ◽  
Clara Claudius Chamba ◽  
Magdalena Amani Lyimo ◽  
Siriel Nanzia Massawe
Keyword(s):  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders Of Pregnancy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders ◽  
Gestation Age ◽  
Male To Female

Abstract Objectives This study aimed at determining the changes of hematological parameters in newborns of mothers with HDP compared to normotensive mothers.Results This was a hospital-based comparative cross-sectional study conducted from December 2017 to May 2018. The study groups consisted of 70 normotensives and 73 hypertensive pregnant women as a comparison and index group respectively. The male to female ratio for the newborns was 1:1. Newborns of the hypertensive mothers had a lower birth weight, lower APGAR score and had a lower median gestation age at the time of birth compared to the newborns of normotensive mothers (P < 0001). White blood cell and differential counts were lower in cord blood of the newborns of HDP group than in the normotensive group (P≤0.001). Approximately 50% of newborns of hypertensive mothers had thrombocytopenia. Furthermore, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy were found to independently predict neutropenia [OR=6 (2.1 – 19.4), p<0.05] and thrombocytopenia [OR=4.3(1.7 – 11.1), p<0.001] in the newborns.

scholarly journals Frequency of obstructive pattern on spirometry in asymptomatic chronic smokers.

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 2253-2259
Author(s):  
Zaid Umer ◽  
Irum Hayat ◽  
Muhammad Waseem ◽  
Nauman Aziz ◽  
Hafiza Swaiba Afzal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Medical College ◽  
History Of ◽  
Male To Female

Objectives: To know the frequency of obstructive pattern on spirometry in asymptomatic chronic smokers. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Settings: Department of Pulmonology, Sahiwal Medical College Sahiwal. Period: 1st Nov, 2019 to 1st May 2020. Materials & Methods: A total of 205 chronic smokers aged 30-60 years were included. Patients with history of Ischemic heart disease, previously diagnosed cases of COPD and asthma were excluded. Spirometry was done by using portable spirometer by consultant pulmonologist (at least 2 years of post-fellowship experience) and obstructive pattern (COPD) was noted. Results: Majority males with ages between 41 to 50 years( mean age 47.78 ± 4.90 years)  out of the 205 patients, 137 (66.83%) were male and 68 (33.17%) were females with male to female ratio of 2:1. Mean duration of smoking was 8.81 ± 4.67 years. Mean height was 161.81 ± 9.23 cm. Mean weight was 78.81 ± 5.67 kg. Mean BMI was 26.21 ± 5.39 kg/m2. In this study, frequency of obstructive COPD on spirometry in asymptomatic chronic smokers was found in 29 (14.15%) patients. Conclusion: This study established that frequency of obstructive pattern on spirometry in asymptomatic chronic smokers is high.

Frequency of High MELD Score in Cirrhotic Patients undergoing Liver Resection due to Hepatocellular Carcinoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 2841-2843
Author(s):  
Muhammad Omer Farooq ◽  
Niaz Ahmed ◽  
Hassan Nadeem ◽  
Kashif Rafi ◽  
Sadia Jabbar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Liver Resection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Meld Score ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Score Study ◽  
Insignificant Difference ◽  
Cirrhotic Patients ◽  
Male To Female

Objective: To determine the frequency of high MELD score in cirrhotic patients undergoing liver resection due to hepatocellular carcinoma also compare the frequency of mortality in patients with high or low MELD score. Study Design: Cross sectional study Place and Duration: Department of Gastroenterology, Shaikh Zayed Hospital, Lahore. Duration: 6months i.e. 23 12-2017 to 22-06-2018. Methodology: 75 patients were enrolled. Then blood sample was obtained. Reports assessed and MELD score calculated. Scores were labeled as high or low. Patients underwent liver resection according to BCLC. The mortality was noted. All the collected data was entered and analyzed on SPSS version 22. Results: In this study out of total 75 cases 60 were males and 15 females. The mean age of patients was 39.44±9.76 years, male to female ratio was 4:1. Low MELD class was noted in 45 (60%) cases and high MELD class noted in 30(40%) cases. Mortality occurred in 27(36%) cases. Insignificant difference found between the MELD class with mortality. Conclusion: High MELD score was seen in 40% cirrhotic patients undergoing liver resection due to HCC. Post HCC resection, mortality occurred in 36% patients within three months of surgery. No significant association was found between the mortality and MELD score. Keywords: MELD, Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Mortality, Cirrhosis

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document