scholarly journals Frequency of obstructive pattern on spirometry in asymptomatic chronic smokers.

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 2253-2259
Author(s):  
Zaid Umer ◽  
Irum Hayat ◽  
Muhammad Waseem ◽  
Nauman Aziz ◽  
Hafiza Swaiba Afzal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Medical College ◽  
History Of ◽  
Male To Female

Objectives: To know the frequency of obstructive pattern on spirometry in asymptomatic chronic smokers. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Settings: Department of Pulmonology, Sahiwal Medical College Sahiwal. Period: 1st Nov, 2019 to 1st May 2020. Materials & Methods: A total of 205 chronic smokers aged 30-60 years were included. Patients with history of Ischemic heart disease, previously diagnosed cases of COPD and asthma were excluded. Spirometry was done by using portable spirometer by consultant pulmonologist (at least 2 years of post-fellowship experience) and obstructive pattern (COPD) was noted. Results: Majority males with ages between 41 to 50 years( mean age 47.78 ± 4.90 years)  out of the 205 patients, 137 (66.83%) were male and 68 (33.17%) were females with male to female ratio of 2:1. Mean duration of smoking was 8.81 ± 4.67 years. Mean height was 161.81 ± 9.23 cm. Mean weight was 78.81 ± 5.67 kg. Mean BMI was 26.21 ± 5.39 kg/m2. In this study, frequency of obstructive COPD on spirometry in asymptomatic chronic smokers was found in 29 (14.15%) patients. Conclusion: This study established that frequency of obstructive pattern on spirometry in asymptomatic chronic smokers is high.

scholarly journals NORMAL PLANTAR FASCIA THICKNESS IN ADULT

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
Yusak Mangara Tua Siahaan ◽  
Pricilla Yani Gunawan ◽  
Jeffry Foraldy Haryanto ◽  
Veli Sungono
Keyword(s):  
Plantar Fasciitis ◽  
Plantar Fascia ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Heel Pain ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
History Of ◽  
Male To Female

Background: Plantar fasciitis is a common problem caused by thickening of the plantar fascia. The normal plantar fascia thickness ranged between 2-3 mm and it was generally accepted that value more than 4mm was considered pathologic. Objective: to identify normal plantar fascia thickness in adults using ultrasonography. Methods: This is a cross sectional study measuring the thickness of plantar fascia in 145 subjects with no history of heel pain. Plantar fascia thickness was measured in both feet using an ultrasound. Age, height and weight were recorded and analysed. Results: As much as 145 subjects were included in this study. Male to female ratio was 0.7. Mean age was 44 and body mass index (BMI) was mostly within normal range. Plantar fascia thickness in male was 2.71 ± 0.48 mm in right foot, and 2.74 ± 0.47 mm in left foot. Fascia thickness in female was 2.55 ± 0.50 mm in right foot, and 2.57 ± 0.45 mm in left foot. There was a significant plantar fascia thickness difference between male and female (p = 0.035 in right foot, and p=0.04 in left foot). Age, weight and BMI had a significant correlation towards plantar fascia thickness. In multivariate analysis, age and BMI revealed to have a linear correlation to plantar fascia thickness Conclusion: Age and BMI were found to be the best predictive factor of plantar fascia thickness.

HIV Prevalence and Frequency of Risk Behavior in Injecting Drug Users Entering Treatment and Out of Treatment: A Cross-Sectional Study in Five Italian Cities

1994 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 527-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Rezza ◽  
Stefania Salmaso ◽  
Damiano Abeni ◽  
Giovanna Brancato ◽  
Alessandra Anemona ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Behavior ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Injecting Drug Users ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Outreach Programs ◽  
Male To Female

We conducted a study to describe current patterns of drug-related behaviors, and to identify characteristics that may distinguish injecting drug users entering treatment from those out of treatment, in five Italian cities. Overall, 1,180 subjects were recruited — 568 entering treatment and 612 out of treatment. Male to female ratio was 6.6:1. The median age was similar in the two groups. A high proportion of injecting drug users recruited out of treatment had been in treatment at least once. HIV prevalence among injecting drug users entering treatment was not higher than that of those who were out of treatment. Furthermore, a large proportion of injecting drug users who still were out of treatment reported having adopted safe behaviors. The results of the study emphasize the need to implement outreach programs aimed at harm reduction.

scholarly journals Depression in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients: A Cross-sectional Study in Malaysia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan Nor Asyikeen Wan Adnan ◽  
Siti Azrin Ab Hamid ◽  
Zatul Rathiah Sulong ◽  
Mohd Hashairi Fauzi
Keyword(s):  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Ischemic Heart ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Coronary Syndrome

Background and purpose: Linked with high mortality rate, depression is common among acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients. The current study sought to identify the factors associated with depression among ACS patients in Malaysia. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 400 ACS patients in two Malaysian hospitals: Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Kelantan and Hospital Sultanah Nur Zahirah (HSNZ), Terengganu. ACS patients were included if they were above 18 years of age, able to read and/or write in Bahasa Melayu language and had informed consent. Patients were excluded if they were intubated, had an altered mental status, mental retardation and had psychological problems prior to ACS. Depression in this study was defined as having dysphoria, hopelessness, devaluation of life, self-deprecation, lack of interest or involvement, anhedonia, and inertia among ACS patients. A questionnaire was distributed to all 400 ACS patients. Simple and multiple logistic regressions were used for data analysis. Results: The mean (standard deviation) age of ACS patients was 60.4 (11.3) years at Hospital USM and 61.2 (10.4) years at HSNZ. Nearly all of the depressive-ACS patients were Malay (79.4%), 85.9% were male, and 79.7% were married. Approximately 87.7% of depressive-ACS patients had ischemic heart disease, 87.1% had stroke, 83.4% had hyperlipidaemia, 81.8% had diabetes mellitus, and 80.7% had hypertension. The factors associated with depression were female gender (adjusted odd ratio (OR): 2.48, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.50, 4.10, p<0.001) and ischemic heart disease (adjusted OR: 2.44, 95% CI: 1.41, 4.25, p=0.002). Conclusion: The results showed that female gender and ischemic heart disease were the most significant associated factors of depression among ACS patients.

scholarly journals THE EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PATTERN OF FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH ISCHEMIC STROKE IN PATIENTS UNDER 50 YEARS OF AGE: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
Nourollah Ramroodi ◽  
Seyed Mehdi Hashemi ◽  
Mehrdad Ramroudi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
History Of ◽  
Epidemiological Pattern ◽  
The Mean

Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate the epidemiological pattern of factors associated with ischemic stroke among patients under 50 years old. Methods: The present cross-sectional study was performed on 197 Stroke patients. Individuals with confirmed ischemic stroke based on of CT scan were included in the study. Demographic information included age, sex, history of smoking, place of residence, season of disease incidence, history of contraceptive use in women, history of hypertension, having high blood pressure at the onset of diabetes, hyperlipidemia, heart disease and patient weight. Finally, the collected data was analyzed using SPSS ver. 22. Results: The mean age of participants was 40.18 years. The mean weight, height, body mass index (BMI) were 79.83, 168.63, and 28.12, respectively. A total of 60.4% of the participants were male and 39.6% were female. Moreover, 66.9% were urban residents, 38.6% had complications in winter, 67% were smokers, and 50% used contraceptives. The history of hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and heart disease was seen in 69%, 49.7, 66%, and 73.6% of cases, respectively. Also, 53.8% of patients had high blood pressure upon admission. Conclusion: The present study showed that a history of heart disease and a history of hypertension in the past and nicotine use are very common in people with stroke. Considering the above mentioned epidemiological factors, it is recommended to prioritize the mentioned factors when identifying new cases

scholarly journals Illness Perception Predicting Cardiovascular Health Behaviors among Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease in Nepal: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (231) ◽  
Author(s):  
Punam Gauro ◽  
Ploenpit Thaniwattananon ◽  
Charuwan Kritpracha
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
Recurrent Events ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Illness Perception ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Ischemic Heart ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: Cardiovascular health behaviors refer to the activities done by individuals to prevent recurrence, minimize risk factors, improve survival, reduce recurrent events, control cardiovascular disease, and help prevent further complications. Illness perception may determine these behaviors. This study is aimed to identify level of illness perception, cardiovascular health behaviors and illness perception predicting cardiovascular health behaviors among patients with ischemic heart disease. Methods: The study was a descriptive cross-sectional study. Altogether 114 samples were selected using convenience sampling technique. Data was collected by using pretested semi-structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: Illness perception was at moderate level (M= 148.05, SD= 12.86) which represented a moderate threatening perception. The score of cardiovascular health behaviors was at a high level (M=92.14, SD=10.72). Conclusions: The findings showed that illness perception can be a predictor of cardiovascular health behaviors.

scholarly journals Aetiopathological and demographic profile of diabetic foot: a prospective cross sectional study from a tertiary hospital in South India

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 1305
Author(s):  
Ragesh Kalikottu Valappil ◽  
Sheena Krishnan ◽  
Siddharth Matad ◽  
Shameej Kinakool Vayalipath
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Foot Ulcer ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Poor Glycemic Control ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
History Of

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disorder affecting large segment of population and is a major public health problem.Methods: A prospective cross sectional study of 150 patients conducted in the Department of Surgery at Government Medical College, Kozhikode, Kerala, IndiaResults: Maximum numbers of patients were in the age group of 60-69. Male to female ratio is 3.04:1.50% had duration of diabetes <10 years and 50% had duration ≥10. years. 81 (54%) patients had neuropathy, 53 (35.3%) had PVD, 41 (27.3%) had history of prior foot ulcer, 70 (46.7%) had poor glycemic control (RBS >200 mg/dl) at the time of admission and 44 (29.3%) had history of smoking.Conclusions: Most important risk factors for diabetic foot ulcers were neuropathy (54%), poor glycemic control (46.7%) and PVD (35.3%), diabetic foot requires a comprehensive management.

scholarly journals Echocardiographic and Electrocardiographic Findings in COVID-19 Patients; A Cross-Sectional Study

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faeze Keihanian ◽  
Hoorak Poorzand ◽  
Amin Saeidinia ◽  
Ali Eshraghi
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Structural Heart Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Electrocardiographic Findings ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Abstract Background: There are still many gaps in our knowledge regarding the direct cardiovascular injuries due to COVID-19 infection. In this study, we tried to find out the effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection on cardiac function in patients without any history of structural heart disease by electrocardiographic and echocardiographic evaluations.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study on patients with COVID-19 infection admitted to Imam Reza hospital, Mashhad, Iran between 14 April and 21 September 2020. COVID-19 infection was verified by a positive reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for SARS-CoV-2 using nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal samples. We enrolled all patients over 18 years old with definite diagnosis of COVID-19 infection. All patients underwent a comprehensive transthoracic echocardiography at the first week of admission. Clinical and imaging data were collected prospectively. Results: In total, 142 patients were enrolled in this study. The mean age of participants was 60.69± 15.70 years (range: 30-90 years). Most patients were male (82, 57.7%). Multivariate analysis showed that O2 saturation at admission was independently a predictor of re-hospitalization (P<0.001). RV size (P<0.001), dyslipidemia (P<0.001), ejection fraction (EF) (P<0.001), age (P=0.020), systolic blood pressure (P=0.001), O2 saturation (P=0.018) and diabetes (P=0.025) independently predicted 30-days mortality. Conclusion: Echocardiography can be used for risk assessment in patients with COVID-19, especially in those with previous history of diabetes and dyslipidemia. The infection could result in Ventricular dysfunction, even in those without previous history of structural heart disease.

Thyroidectomy Related Complications in Post-Thyroid Lobectomy (Unilateral) in Addition to Thyroid Isthmusectomy

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 3444-3445
Author(s):  
Sadaf Raffat Mustafa ◽  
Abdul Manan Khan ◽  
Wajih-ud-Din , Shinwari ◽  
Muhammad Jamil ◽  
Azmatullah Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Study Design ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
International Medical ◽  
Completion Thyroidectomy ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Frequent Complication ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Thyroid Lobectomy ◽  
The Mean

Objective: To identify thyroidectomy related complications in post-thyroid lobectomy (unilateral) in addition to isthmusectomy. Study Design: Cross-sectional study Place and Duration: Department of ENT, Islamic International Medical College, Islamabad from 1st April 2019 to 31st March 2020. Methods: Sixty patients were enrolled. These patients were those who have to undergo complete thyroidectomy post unilateral-thyroid lobectomy in addition to isthmusectomy. The age pf the patients was 16-72 years. Each patient’s demographic, clinical as well as surgical details were recorded and calcium tests were run. Results: There were 34 females and 26 males in this study. The mean age of the enrolled patients was 41.12±5.9 years. The mean BMI calculated of the patients was 25.4±2.5 kg/m2. Hypocalcaemia (transient) was identified 10% whereas 3.3% got seroma and 1.6% each suffered from transient voice hoarseness and hematoma in neck. Conclusion: Transient hypocalcaemia is the most frequent complication followed with seroma and hematoma. Keywords: Completion Thyroidectomy, Thyroid lobectomy, Thyroidectomy

scholarly journals Demography and Etiology of Congenital Cataract in a Tertiary Eye Centre of Kathmandu, Nepal

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-10
Author(s):  
Ananda Kumar Sharma ◽  
D N Shah ◽  
M P Upadhyay ◽  
M Thapa ◽  
G. S. Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Cataract ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Maternal Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Visual Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
Eye Examination ◽  
Thyroid Profile ◽  
Male To Female

Background: Congenital Cataract is the most important cause of treatable childhood blindness. Rubella is one of the major causes of preventable disease in many countries. There are scanty reports on congenital cataract in Nepal. Objective: To find out the demographic and etiological factors of congenital cataract in children. Method: In a hospital based cross sectional study, 46 children with congenital cataract were evaluated to find out morphology of cataract, laterality, associated ocular and systemic abnormality, visual status and etiology of cataract. Assessment included antenatal, birth and neonatal history, a detailed eye examination in slit lamp or the operating microscope under general anaesthesia, serum serology for TORCH infections, random blood sugar, urine reducing substance and thyroid profile. Result: Among 46 children with congenital cataract, 76.1% children presented before 5 years of age and 78.2% had bilateral onset. Male to female ratio was 1.3:1. Most of the children were legally blind (79.3%) in cataractous eye. Family history of congenital cataract was present in 15.2% cases. The most common mode of presentation was leukocoria in 91.3%. Microcornea (28.3%), resolved uveitis (13.0%), and iris atrophy (8.7%) were the most common ocular associations. Delayed developmental milestone (21.7%) and cardiac anomalies (10.9%) were the most common systemic anomalies. Lamellar cataract (51.3%) was the most common morphology of cataracts observed. The maternal infection was the major cause of congenital cataract in 17.4% cases with predominantly rubella infection in 13% cases. Conclusion: Most of the children with cataract are legally blind. Maternal infection in the antenatal period is the major cause of congenital cataract.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hren.v12i1.11975  Health Renaissance 2014;12(1):3-10

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