scholarly journals Elizabethkingia meningoseptica: an emerging threat

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 1909 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zalak Shah ◽  
Dhanya Soodhana ◽  
Mitul Kalathia ◽  
Yogesh Parikh
Keyword(s):  
Necrotizing Enterocolitis ◽  
Preterm Neonate ◽  
Neonatal Meningitis ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Prompt Treatment ◽  
Timely Diagnosis ◽  
Elizabethkingia Meningoseptica ◽  
Life Threatening

Infection by Elizabethkingia meningoseptica (E.meningoseptica) is very rare. It is associated with neonatal meningitis and other infections, especially in preterm neonates. We report a case of preterm neonate infected by E.meningoseptica clinically presented with meningitis and necrotizing enterocolitis. The patient succumbed in spite of timely diagnosis and institution of appropriate antibiotics. Although rare but infections casued by E.meningoseptica are often severe and life threatening. It should be considered as an emerging threat and efforts to identify and prompt treatment should be considered in neonates suffering from meningitis. 

scholarly journals Case Report: Clostridium neonatale Bacteremia in a Preterm Neonate With Necrotizing Enterocolitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadim Cassir ◽  
Isabelle Grandvuillemin ◽  
Manon Boxberger ◽  
Priscilla Jardot ◽  
Farid Boubred ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Necrotizing Enterocolitis ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Preterm Neonate ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorder ◽  
Etiologic Agent ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Environmental Cleaning ◽  
Life Threatening

Necrotizing enterocolitis is a life-threatening acquired gastrointestinal disorder among preterm neonates and is associated with a high mortality rate and long-term neurodevelopmental morbidity. No etiologic agent has been definitively established; nonetheless, the most implicated bacteria include members of the Clostridium genus. We reported here on a case of Clostridium neonatale bacteremia in a preterm neonate with necrotizing enterocolitis, providing more information regarding the potential role of this bacterium in pathogenesis of necrotizing enterocolitis. We emphasized the sporulating form of C. neonatale that confers resistance to disinfectants usually applied for the hospital environmental cleaning. Further works are needed to establish the causal relationship between the occurrence of NEC and the isolation of C. neonatale, with promising perspectives in terms of diagnostic and therapeutic management.

Pharmacology Update: School Nurse Role and Emergency Medications for Treatment of Anaphylaxis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1942602X2110219
Author(s):  
Theresa A. Bingemann ◽  
Anil Nanda ◽  
Anne F. Russell
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
School Personnel ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
School Nurses ◽  
First Line ◽  
Onset Of Action ◽  
Epinephrine Administration ◽  
Prompt Treatment ◽  
Nurse Role ◽  
Life Threatening

Anaphylaxis is a rapidly occurring allergic reaction that is potentially life threatening. Recognition of the early signs and prompt treatment of anaphylaxis is critical. School nurses are tasked with educating nonmedical school personnel on the recognition and treatment of anaphylaxis and emphasizing that epinephrine is the first line of treatment for anaphylaxis. Fortunately, there is now availability of multiple epinephrine administration devices. However, this also means that there are more devices that school nurses and nonmedical assistive personnel need to learn about to be able to administer in an emergency. Once epinephrine is administered, emergency medical services must be activated. Education regarding what to expect after the administration of epinephrine with respect to side effects and onset of action is also necessary. Though adjunctive medicines, such as antihistamines and inhalers, may also be administered after the injection of epinephrine, they should not be solely relied on in anaphylaxis. School nurses are uniquely situated for this role, as they understand the local environment in a school and can assess and reassess the needs of the faculty and staff.

Postpartum ovarian vein thrombosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Ribeiro ◽  
Samir Mahboobani ◽  
Katherine Van Ree ◽  
Katy Clifford ◽  
TG Teoh
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Complete Resolution ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Ovarian Vein ◽  
Transabdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Prompt Treatment ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Ovarian Vein Thrombosis

Abstract Objectives Postpartum ovarian vein thrombosis (POVT) is a rare pathology that can lead to severe complications such as sepsis, extension of the thrombus leading to organ failure, and pulmonary embolism. It therefore requires early recognition and prompt treatment. Case presentation A patient with right POVT presented four days after delivery with acute right-sided abdominal pain and fever. Appendicitis was initially considered, before an abdominal-pelvic computed tomography raised the suspicion of POVT, subsequently confirmed through transabdominal ultrasound. Antibiotics and anticoagulation were initiated, with rapid clinical improvement and complete resolution of the thrombus three months later. Conclusions Diagnosing POVT is challenging as it clinically mimics other more frequent conditions. It is rare but life-threatening and should be considered in all females presenting with abdominal pain and fever in the postpartum period.

Placental Transfusion, Timing of Plastic Wrap or Bag Placement, and Preterm Neonates

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Engle ◽  
Izlin Lien ◽  
Brian Benneyworth ◽  
Jennifer Stanton Tully ◽  
Alana Barbato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Necrotizing Enterocolitis ◽  
Outcome Data ◽  
Delivery Room ◽  
Respiratory Support ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Quality Improvement Initiative ◽  
Delayed Cord Clamping ◽  
Cord Clamping ◽  
Simultaneous Group ◽  
Sequential Group

Objective Compare delivery room practices and outcomes of infants born at less than 32 weeks' gestation or less than 1,500 g who have plastic wrap/bag placement simultaneously during placental transfusion to those receiving plastic wrap/bag placement sequentially following placental transfusion. Study Design Retrospective analysis of data from a multisite quality improvement initiative to refine stabilization procedures pertaining to placental transfusion and thermoregulation using a plastic wrap/bag. Delivery room practices and outcome data in 590 total cases receiving placental transfusion were controlled for propensity score matching and hospital of birth. Results The simultaneous and sequential groups were similar in demographic and most outcome metrics. The simultaneous group had longer duration of delayed cord clamping compared with the sequential group (42.3 ± 14.8 vs. 34.1 ± 10.3 seconds, p < 0.001), and fewer number of times cord milking was performed (0.41 ± 1.26 vs. 0.86 ± 1.92 seconds, p < 0.001). The time to initiate respiratory support was also significantly shorter in the simultaneous group (97.2 ± 100.6 vs. 125.2 ± 177.6 seconds, p = 0.02). The combined outcome of death or necrotizing enterocolitis in the simultaneous group was more frequent than in the sequential group (15.3 vs. 9.3%, p = 0.038); all other outcomes measured were similar. Conclusion Timing of plastic wrap/bag placement during placental transfusion did affect duration of delayed cord clamping, number of times cord milking was performed, and time to initiate respiratory support in the delivery room but did not alter birth hospital outcomes or respiratory care practices other than the combined outcome of death or necrotizing enterocolitis. Key Points

Effect of Delayed Cord Clamping Reduced Anemic Outcome in Preterm Neonate

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (5) ◽  
pp. 695-700
Keyword(s):  
Intraventricular Hemorrhage ◽  
Preterm Neonate ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Maternal Outcomes ◽  
Delayed Cord Clamping ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Cord Clamping ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Objective: To compare the effects of immediate versus delayed cord clamping on neonatal outcomes in preterm neonates of gestational age of 32 to 36⁺⁶ weeks, and maternal outcomes. Materials and Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted in the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department at Bhumibol Adulyadej Hospital, in Bangkok, Thailand. The study compared the effects of immediate to delayed cord clamping at 60 seconds among preterm neonates born between 32 weeks, 0 day and 36 weeks, 6 days of gestation between August and October 2018. Results: The mean age of the participants was 26 years old, and half of the cases were nulliparous. One hundred ten women were randomly separated into two equal groups (n=55). Delayed cord clamping at 60 seconds increased hematocrit levels (Hct) in both two (p=0.004) and 48 (p<0.001) hours after delivery compared to the immediate cord clamping group. There were no differences in exposing the neonate to hypothermia, hypoxemia, Apgar score at 1-minute, polycythemia, intraventricular hemorrhage, hyperbilirubinemia, length of stay in hospital, and affecting the process of resuscitation. There were no statistical differences between the two groups in maternal outcomes such as retained placenta and postpartum hemorrhage. Conclusion: Delayed cord clamping at 60 seconds increased Hct in the newborn at two to 48 hours after birth. There was no significant difference in adverse maternal and neonatal complications within both groups. Keywords: Delayed cord clamping, Hematocrit, Preterm

POTT’S PUFFY TUMOR: A CASE REPORT

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (Suppl.1) ◽  
pp. 93-96
Author(s):  
V. Stoyanov ◽  
D. Petkov ◽  
P. Bozdukova
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Frontal Bone ◽  
Frontal Sinusitis ◽  
Subperiosteal Abscess ◽  
Prompt Treatment ◽  
Pott’S Puffy Tumor ◽  
Intracranial Complications ◽  
Life Threatening

Pott’s puffy tumor (PPT) is a rare complication of sinusitis characterized by osteomyelitis of the frontal bone with subperiosteal abscess presenting as frontal swelling. It was first described by Sir Percival Pott in 1768 in relation to frontal head trauma. Later, it was established that this entity is more common in relation to frontal sinusitis (1). In this article we report a case of PPT in a 17-year-old boy. CT scan confirmed subperiosteal abscess. At surgery, the subperiosteal abscess was drained and sequestrectomy of the affected frontal bone was done. Broad-spectrum antibiotics were given for 4 weeks. The patient recovered without residual problems and has remained well. PPT is now relatively uncommon and early diagnosis and prompt treatment is necessary to avoid further intracranial complications, which can be life-threatening.

scholarly journals Thromboembolic complications of thyroid storm

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Min ◽  
S Benjamin ◽  
L Cozma
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Massive Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Favourable Outcome ◽  
Thyroid Storm ◽  
List Type ◽  
Chads2 Score ◽  
Prompt Treatment ◽  
Life Threatening

Summary Thyroid storm is a rare but potentially life-threatening complication of hyperthyroidism. Early recognition and prompt treatment are essential. Atrial fibrillation can occur in up to 40% of patients with thyroid storm. Studies have shown that hyperthyroidism increases the risk of thromboembolic events. There is no consensus with regard to the initiation of anticoagulation for atrial fibrillation in severe thyrotoxicosis. Anticoagulation is not routinely initiated if the risk is low on a CHADS2 score; however, this should be considered in patients with thyroid storm or severe thyrotoxicosis with impending storm irrespective of the CHADS2 risk, as it appears to increase the risk of thromboembolic episodes. Herein, we describe a case of thyroid storm complicated by massive pulmonary embolism. Learning points Diagnosis of thyroid storm is based on clinical findings. Early recognition and prompt treatment could lead to a favourable outcome. Hypercoagulable state is a recognised complication of thyrotoxicosis. Atrial fibrillation is strongly associated with hyperthyroidism and thyroid storm. Anticoagulation should be considered for patients with severe thyrotoxicosis and atrial fibrillation irrespective of the CHADS2 score. Patients with severe thyrotoxicosis and clinical evidence of thrombosis should be immediately anticoagulated until hyperthyroidism is under control.

scholarly journals Association Between Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and Preterm Necrotizing Enterocolitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Zheng ◽  
Hua Wang
Keyword(s):  
Necrotizing Enterocolitis ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Platelet To Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Intestinal Necrosis ◽  
Lymphocyte Ratio

Introduction: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a fatal condition for very-low-birth-weight infants. Necrotizing enterocolitis is a multi-factor phenomenon that results in intestinal mucosal damage and leads to intestinal necrosis. However, sensitive laboratory indicators for NEC are lacking, making early diagnosis difficult. This study aimed to explore the relationship between the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and NEC in preterm neonates to enable an earlier diagnosis of the condition.Methods: This was a retrospective case–control study of preterm neonates diagnosed with NEC between January 2018 and December 2019 in the West China Second University Hospital. Controls were selected from preterm neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) graduates, and they were matched for gestation and year of birth to the preterms diagnosed without NEC. In total, 93 and 107 infants were included in the NEC and control groups, respectively. Empowerstats analysis was used to identify the association between PLR and preterm NEC.Results: The NEC group had significantly higher PLR levels than the control group. PLR &gt; 100 within 1 week before NEC diagnosis was a risk factor for NEC. There was a positive connection between PLR and preterm NEC. A PLR of &gt;100 was determined as the optimal cutoff for predicting preterm NEC, with patients with PLR &gt;100 having a higher risk of NEC [odds ratio (OR): 18.82 (95% confidence interval (CI): 2.93–120.98), p = 0.002].Conclusions: A PLR of &gt;100 within 1 week after clinical abnormalities is associated with a high risk of NEC in preterm neonates.

Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte Function in the Preterm Neonate: Effect of Chronologic Age

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 87 (5) ◽  
pp. 675-679
Author(s):  
Shaista S. Usmani ◽  
Jerrold S. Schlessel ◽  
Concepcion G. Sia ◽  
Shahid Kamran ◽  
Shahnaz D. Orner
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte ◽  
Preterm Neonate ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Term Neonates ◽  
Leukocyte Function ◽  
Pmn Functions ◽  
Gestational Age At Birth ◽  
Normal Adults ◽  
Age At Birth

In this study, effect of chronologic age on polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) chemiluminescence and random and chemotactic motility was evaluated in 38 stable preterm neonates of less than 32 weeks' gestation during the first month of life. Chemiluminescence and random and chemotactic motility of PMNs from preterm neonates were first evaluated at mean postnatal age of 9.8 days and then weekly for an ensuing 21-day period. For comparison, one blood sample was obtained for PMN functions from 14 healthy term neonates younger than 72 hours of age and seven normal adults. On day 1 PMN chemiluminescence and random and chemotactic motility values in preterm neonates were significantly lower (P &lt; .001) compared with those in term neonates and PMN function values of term neonates were significantly lower (P &lt; .001) than those of adults. Although initial PMN chemiluminescence and random and chemotactic motility values in preterm neonates were depressed, subsequent values on days 7, 14, and 21 increased significantly (P &lt; .002). On day 21 (mean postnatal age of 30.8 days) no differences existed in chemiluminescent activity and random motility between preterm and term neonates; chemotactic motility in preterm neonates, however, remained impaired. Mean cumulative age (gestational age at birth plus postnatal age) of preterm neonates on day 21 of study was 32.5 weeks, suggesting that chronologic age has more effect on maturational changes in PMN functions than gestational age.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document