scholarly journals Utility of reticulocyte hemoglobin in diagnosing latent iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1049
Author(s):  
Kavya Chandrashekar ◽  
Yashoda H. T. ◽  
Varsha Monica Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Social Emotional Development ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Iron Deficient ◽  
Rbc Indices ◽  
Latent Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Profile ◽  
And Control

Background: Iron deficiency is the most common cause of anemia and studies have shown poor cognition, psychomotor and social/emotional development in children who are deficient in iron, even with normal hemoglobin levels, the so-called Latent phase of Iron deficiency. It is therefore crucial to identify LID, as well as IDA at the earliest stage, in order to initiate treatment.  Many tests like serum ferritin and soluble transferring receptor(sTfR) have been described collectively as a panel to detect iron deficiency; however no single test is specific enough to be used independently. Also during treatment it takes weeks to observe changes in Hb, hematocrit or RBC indices, hence the need for a more sensitive and reliable test. Objective was to evaluate effectiveness of CHr in diagnosing LID and IDA.Methods: Samples were collected from 180 children, clinically suspected to be anemic. Complete hemogram and Iron profile were measured. Three groups were defined, LID (Tfsat <20%, Hb >11g/dL; n=52), IDA (Tfsat <20%, Hb <11g/dL; (n=84) and controls (Tfsat >20%, Hb >11g/dL; n=44). The mean values of RBC indices, Iron profile and CHr was compared across the groups. A cut off value of <26 pg CHr was taken to represent Iron deficiency state.Results: Comparison between anemic group and control found that all RBC indices were found to be significantly lower including Reticulocyte hemoglobin. All of the variables in anemic group were lower compared to latent iron deficient group except MCHC and reticulocyte count. CHr was found to be statistically lower in LID and IDA group in comparison to control group.Conclusions: CHr can be used as a valuable indicator in diagnosis as well as follow-up of LID and IDA, which is easily available and inexpensive.

scholarly journals Association of iron deficiency states and febrile seizures in children-a case control study

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 869 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Shaikh ◽  
N. R. Inamdar ◽  
D. K. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Febrile Seizures ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Deficiency State ◽  
Iron Deficient ◽  
Rbc Indices ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Study

Background: Iron deficiency being a potentially modifiable and treatable cause of febrile seizures.  Objectives of Study was to identify Iron Deficient States or Anemia in children with febrile seizures as evidenced by low hemoglobin, altered RBC indices and altered Iron profile, and to determine the association of Iron deficiency states or anemia with febrile seizures.Methods: This was a Case control study done between July 2013 to June 2014, on 50 indoor cases of febrile seizures in the age group of 6-60 months and 50 age and sex matched controls (fever without seizure) in department of Paediatrics, Hindu Hriday Samrat Balasaheb Thackrey Medical College (HBTMC) and Dr R.N. Cooper Hospital, Mumbai. Detailed clinical history and examination findings were noted.  Cases and control were investigated with complete blood count, RBC indices, peripheral smear, S. Ferritin, S. Iron and TIBC. SPSS software package was used for statistical analysis. P<0.05 was considered as significant.Results: 74% of cases and 66% of controls had low hemoglobin. MCV was low in 54% of cases and 34% of controls. RDW was raised in 46% of cases and 26% of controls. Iron deficiency anemia was prevalent among both cases and controls. Latent iron deficiency state suggested by low S. Iron and high TIBC in cases and control group was not significant in our study. However statistically significant lower Median S. Ferritin was noted in the febrile seizure group versus the controls (Cases-153.5, Control-173.0, p=0.0195) suggesting significant prevalence of prelatent iron deficiency state among cases.Conclusions: Prelatent iron deficient state in children are more prone for febrile seizures.

scholarly journals Prediction of Iron Deficiency by Red Cell Distribution Width, Mean Corpuscular Volume and Haemoglobin Concentration in Pregnant Women

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-116
Author(s):  
Gazi Sharmin Sultana ◽  
Syed Aminul Haque ◽  
Farzana Akonjee Mishu ◽  
Md MA Muttalib ◽  
Md Quddusur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Volume ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Corpuscular Volume ◽  
Distribution Width ◽  
Latent Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Profile

Background: Red cell distribution width (RDW) is a routine parameter in fully automated hematology auto analyzer, can give the idea of iron deficiency before haemoglobin and mean corpuscular volume in early iron deficiency or latent stage. Patient can be benefited by doing complete blood count including RDW for the diagnosis of early iron deficiency as a cheaper test than iron profile. This study was aimed to predict early iron deficiency by RDW, mean corpuscular volume and haemoglobin concentration in pregnant women. Methods: In this study, 190 pregnant women were included from Gynae and Obstetric outdoor of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University from august 2008-2009. Complete blood count including haemoglobin percentage, mean corpuscular volume and RDW and iron profile were done. RDW was compared with haemoglobin concentration and mean corpuscular volume in various stages of iron deficiency. Results: RDW was more significant than haemoglobin concentration in latent iron deficiency when haemoglobin level was normal (p<0.05). In mild and moderate iron deficiency anemia, RDW was increased progressively though haemoglobin level was reduced. RDW was more significant than mean corpuscular volume level in latent iron deficiency, mild and moderate iron deficiency anemia. The difference of mean corpuscular volume and RDW was statistically significant (p<0.05) in latent iron deficiency, mild iron deficiency anaemia and moderate iron deficiency anaemia (p value of 0.001, 0.001 and 0.011). In this study RDW had sensitivity 82.3% and specificity 97.4%. haemoglobin concentration and mean corpuscular volume had sensitivity 56.6% and 29.2 % and specificity 90.9% and 98.7 % respectively. Based on the receiver-operator characteristic (ROC) curves RDW had the best area (0.925) under curve compared to haemoglobin and mean corpuscular volume. Conclusion: Latent iron deficiency without other existing disease like haemoglobinopathy, early folate / vit B12 deficiency could be predicted early by increased RDW when haemoglobin concentration and mean corpuscular volume were normal. Birdem Med J 2019; 9(2): 111-116

Iron-Deficiency Anemia in Infancy and Social Emotional Development in Preschool-Aged Chinese Children

PEDIATRICS ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 127 (4) ◽  
pp. e927-e933 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Chang ◽  
L. Wang ◽  
Y. Wang ◽  
I. D. Brouwer ◽  
F. J. Kok ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Emotional Development ◽  
Chinese Children ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Social Emotional Development ◽  
Social Emotional

Study to Evaluate Efficacy of Vajravatakmaņdura in Iron Deficiency Anemia in Adolescent Girls: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rashmi Pareek Ayatullah Hosne Asif ◽  
Nisha Kumari Ojha
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Control Programme ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Government ◽  
Trial Drug ◽  
And Control

Background: Anemia in adolescent girls possess greatest burden on their health as it leads to poor cognitive development, poor reproductive health and if not treated may lead to intrauterine growth retardation in their developing fetus. The prevalence of anemia among adolescent is 27% in developing country and 6% in developed country. The Government of India has launched National Anemia Control Programme, to prevent and control anaemia in children and adolescents. But the problem is still persisting because of many issues like - poor palatability, intolerance to the drug used, poor absorption of the drugs used, constipation, discoloration of stool, unpleasant odor and taste etc. result in poor compliance and therefore non adherence to the therapy which finally results in poor improvement. By looking at the magnitude of the problem, an Ayurveda drug Vajravatakmandura has been selected for the study and the present study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of the trial drug in iron deficiency anemia in adolescent girls. Material and methods: 100 subjects satisfying inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected and were randomly divided in two groups. In group A, the trial drug Vajravatakmaņdura was administered and in group B, IFA tablets were given for two month of duration with follow up at every fortnight. Result: Both the trial and control groups showed extremely significant result over subjective parameters. Trial drug Vajravatakmaņdura in group A was found more effective over the subjective parameters - weakness, palpitation, pallor and loss of appetite with % gain of 39.77%, 39.39%, 39.17%, 38.09% respectively. Statistical analysis between before and after treatment findings of objective parameters, extremely significant (P less than 0.0001) improvement was found in both groups in all parameters, except for RBC count in group A, which was significant. No adverse effects were reported during entire period of study by any of the patients in trial group treated with trial drug. Conclusion: The trial drug “Vajravatakmandura” is effective, safe and palatable for the management of iron deficiency anemia in adolescent girls.

scholarly journals Consumption of a Double-Fortified Salt Affects Perceptual, Attentional, and Mnemonic Functioning in Women in a Randomized Controlled Trial in India

2017 ◽  
Vol 147 (12) ◽  
pp. 2297-2308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J Wenger ◽  
Laura E Murray-Kolb ◽  
Julie EH Nevins ◽  
Sudha Venkatramanan ◽  
Gregory A Reinhart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Attention And Memory ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Iron Deficient ◽  
Mnemonic Function

Abstract Background: Iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia have been shown to have negative effects on aspects of perception, attention, and memory. Objective: The purpose of this investigation was to assess the extent to which increases in dietary iron consumption are related to improvements in behavioral measures of perceptual, attentional, and mnemonic function. Methods: Women were selected from a randomized, double-blind, controlled food-fortification trial involving ad libitum consumption of either a double-fortified salt (DFS) containing 47 mg potassium iodate/kg and 3.3 mg microencapsulated ferrous fumarate/g (1.1 mg elemental Fe/g) or a control iodized salt. Participants' blood iron status (primary outcomes) and cognitive functioning (secondary outcomes) were assessed at baseline and after 10 mo at endline. The study was performed on a tea plantation in the Darjeeling district of India. Participants (n = 126; 66% iron deficient and 49% anemic at baseline) were otherwise healthy women of reproductive age, 18–55 y. Results: Significant improvements were documented for iron status and for perceptual, attentional, and mnemonic function in the DFS group (percentage of variance accounted for: 16.5%) compared with the control group. In addition, the amount of change in perceptual and cognitive performance was significantly (P < 0.05) related to the amount of change in blood iron markers (mean percentage of variance accounted for: 16.0%) and baseline concentrations of blood iron markers (mean percentage of variance accounted for: 25.0%). Overall, there was evidence that the strongest effects of change in iron status were obtained for perceptual and low-level attentional function. Conclusion: DFS produced measurable and significant improvements in the perceptual, attentional, and mnemonic performance of Indian female tea pickers of reproductive age. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01032005.

scholarly journals Modern Treatment Strategy of Iron Deficient Anemia

2016 ◽  
pp. 22-28
Author(s):  
Svitlana Gaidukova ◽  
Stanislav Vydyborets
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Laboratory Diagnostics ◽  
Treatment Efficiency ◽  
Clinical Protocol ◽  
Laboratory Methods ◽  
Iron Deficient ◽  
Modern Treatment

Modern views of epidemiology, etiology and pathogenesis of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) are considered. This review deals with up-to-date methods of the laboratory diagnostics of IDA. Some ideas of iron methabolism in an organism and pathogenetic mechanisms of clinical and laboratory symptomps are briefly presented. The diagnostic value of laboratory methods for diagnosing IDA is interpreted. A conclusion is drawn about the integrated approach to the diagnostics of IDA diagnostics. Causes of low treatment efficiency are discussed and the ways to address this problem are proposed based on the published results of clinical research. Present article devoted to the steps for implementation unified clinical protocol of the primary, secondary (specialized) medical care “Iron deficiency” to the practical activities.

scholarly journals Iron supplementation in goitrous, iron-deficient children improves their response to oral iodized oil

2000 ◽  
pp. 217-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Zimmermann ◽  
P Adou ◽  
T Torresani ◽  
C Zeder ◽  
R Hurrell
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Iron Supplementation ◽  
Thyroid Volume ◽  
Oral Iron ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Urinary Iodine Concentration ◽  
Iodized Oil ◽  
Iron Deficient ◽  
Group 2

OBJECTIVE: In developing countries, many children are at high risk for both goiter and iron-deficiency anemia. Because iron deficiency may impair thyroid metabolism, the aim of this study was to determine if iron supplementation improves the response to oral iodine in goitrous, iron-deficient anemic children. DESIGN: A trial of oral iodized oil followed by oral iron supplementation in an area of endemic goiter in the western Ivory Coast. METHODS: Goitrous, iodine-deficient children (aged 6-12 years; n=109) were divided into two groups: Group 1 consisted of goitrous children who were not anemic; Group 2 consisted of goitrous children who were iron-deficient anemic. Both groups were given 200mg oral iodine as iodized oil. Thyroid gland volume using ultrasound, urinary iodine concentration (UI), serum thyroxine (T(4)) and whole blood TSH were measured at baseline, and at 1, 5, 10, 15 and 30 weeks post intervention. Beginning at 30 weeks, the anemic group was given 60mg oral iron as ferrous sulfate four times/week for 12 weeks. At 50 and 65 weeks after oral iodine (8 and 23 weeks after completing iron supplementation), UI, TSH, T(4) and thyroid volume were remeasured. RESULTS: The prevalence of goiter at 30 weeks after oral iodine in Groups 1 and 2 was 12% and 64% respectively. Mean percent change in thyroid volume compared with baseline at 30 weeks in Groups 1 and 2 was -45.1% and -21.8% respectively (P<0.001 between groups). After iron supplementation in Group 2, there was a further decrease in mean thyroid volume from baseline in the anemic children (-34.8% and -38.4% at 50 and 65 weeks) and goiter prevalence fell to 31% and 20% at 50 and 65 weeks. CONCLUSION: Iron supplementation may improve the efficacy of oral iodized oil in goitrous children with iron-deficiency anemia.

A Quantitative Study of the Absorption of Food Iron in Infants and Children

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1958 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 258-258
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Ferrous Iron ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Infants And Children ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Iron Salts ◽  
Fundamental Information ◽  
Iron Deficient ◽  
In Infants And Children

These papers contain much fundamental information concerning the prevention and treatment of iron deficiency anemia in infants and children. Normal children absorb an average of about 10% of the iron in natural foods and commercially-prepared infant cereals supplemented with iron. Daily intake of iron by an infant receiving a diet which includes optimal amounts of iron-containing foods may be sufficient to meet the iron requirements of the first 18 months of life unless the infant is born with suboptimal stores of iron, suffers blood loss or is born prematurely. Such a hypothetical infant is probably not representative of a large segment of the population. The authors suggest that more data is needed on the results of giving adequate supplemental iron during infancy to determine whether the hematologic values in infancy may be made to correspond more closely to adult values. Based on the finding of the previous paper that iron supplementation of the diets of many infants may be desirable, studies were undertaken to evaluate the absorption of iron salts by normal and anemic children. Twelve to fifteen percent of a 30 mg dose of ferrous iron given once or twice a day was absorbed by normal children. Iron deficient infants absorb more ferrous iron than do normal infants. The variability between individuals in absorption of food iron and supplemental iron are discussed along with consideration of the dosage of iron salts to be employed in treatment. The authors state that as no investigations have established the desirability of increasing the normal hematologic values of infants beyond their customary levels of 11 to 13 gm/100 ml, indiscriminate supplementation of normal infants' diets is not recommended. Therapetmtic iron is indicated only if specific evidence of iron deficiency exists and the widespread use of mixtures containing several hematopoietic agents is deplored.

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