scholarly journals Forecasting the possibility of neonatal early onset sepsis based on perinatal risk factors

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 1534
Author(s):  
Kiran C. Pankaj ◽  
Sristi Ganguly ◽  
Manas R. Upadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Blood Culture ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Perinatal Risk Factors ◽  
Perinatal Risk ◽  
Early Onset Sepsis

Background: Neonatal sepsis remains a leading cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity, diagnosis of which remains difficult due to variable presentations. With the increasing threat of antimicrobial resistance, it is important to identify perinatal risk factors which are associated with higher incidence of definite sepsis, to initiate empirical antibiotics, while awaiting blood culture reports.Methods: This was hospital based cross-sectional study done in SVPPGIP, Cuttack, Odisha during January 2019 to April 2019, enrolling all neonates  ≥37 weeks gestation and aged less than 72 hours, with suspected early onset sepsis. Neonates with TORCH infections, congenital anomalies, syndromic baby or with surgical conditions were excluded. After obtaining informed consent, blood culture was sent for all and their perinatal risk factors noted. Blood culture positive newborns were considered to have definite sepsis. Data was analysed with Chi-square test and percentages, using SPSS 18.Results: Among the 200 cases, incidence of definite sepsis was 26%. The most common risk factor was low birth weight and birth asphyxia. Majority (67%) had single or lesser risk factor and number of risk factors was significantly associated with definite sepsis. A significant association was seen between blood culture positivity with low birth weight (p=0.003), foul smelling liquor (p= 0.025), birth asphyxia (p 0.018) and premature rupture of membranes (p= 0.016). The combination of maternal fever and unclean vaginal examination was also significantly associated with the same.Conclusions: Protocols for initiating empiric antibiotics need to be formulated, taking into account the significant risk factors, in resource limited settings, to avoid resource and time wastage.

scholarly journals Clinical Profile of Neonatal Early Onset Sepsis: A Study on the Current Scenario

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-41
Author(s):  
Kiran C Pankaj ◽  
Sristi Ganguly ◽  
Manas R Upadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Blood Culture ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
Perinatal Risk Factors ◽  
Perinatal Risk ◽  
Early Onset Sepsis ◽  
Sepsis Screen

Background: Neonatal early onset sepsis remains to be a challenge in India, owing to its variable presentation, diagnostic difficulty and high fatality. An attempt needs to be made to study its clinical profile for easy identification of such babies, with new antibiotic guidelines formulated based on current microorganisms isolated. The aim of the study is to study the clinical profile of early onset sepsis in neonates in terms of      the risk factors, clinical factors and etiology, and ascertain factors associated with definite sepsis. Subjects and Methods: This hospital based cross-sectional study enrolled neonates with suspected early onset sepsis. Those with congenital anomalies, surgical conditions, gestation <28 weeks and birth weight <1kg excluded. Subjects were subjected to sepsis screen and blood culture, and their perinatal history recorded. Blood culture positive babies were considered to have definite sepsis. Data was analysed using Chi square with SPSS 18. Results: Among 300 babies enrolled, 70 babies had definite sepsis. The most common organism isolated was Klebsiella (27.1%) and Staphylococcus hemolyticus (21.4%), most showing sensitivity to Ampicillin and Gentamicin. Respiratory distress was the commonest presentation (71.3%). A significant association with definite sepsis was seen with prematurity (p =0.0026) and low birth weight (p =0.0052), perinatal risk factors namely premature rupture  of membranes (p =0.004), foul smelling liquor (p=0.016) and birth asphyxia (p-value=0.02). 28.3% had positive sepsis screen, which was significant (p = 0.001). Conclusion: Early onset sepsis needs prompt identification and treatment initiation, possible with aid of sepsis screen and high index of suspicion with certain perinatal risk factors and gestational age and birth weight.

scholarly journals Clinical profile and outcome of early onset sepsis in high risk very low birth weight neonates

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omprakash S. Shukla ◽  
Aditi Rawat
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Blood Culture ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Early Onset Sepsis ◽  
Culture Positive

Background: Neonatal sepsis is one of the main causes of mortality and morbidity, especially in very low birth weight neonates (birth weight <1499 grams) despite the progress in hygiene, introduction of new and potent antimicrobial agents for treatment and advanced measures for diagnosis. The aim of the study was to find correlation of clinical features and risk factors of neonatal sepsis in culture positive cases.Methods: A cross- sectional study was carried out in one hundred neonates with risk factors of septicemia after obtaining informed consent. Blood culture was done using Bactec Peds Plus/F Culture as a gold standard to diagnose septicaemia. Correlation of  risk factors, clinical features with laboratory findings was obtained by using chi-square test. p-value of less than 0.05 was considered as significant.Results: Out of 100 neonates with suspected sepsis, BACTEC culture proven sepsis was seen in 40% cases. Gram negative sepsis was seen in 62.5% cases. The most common bacteria for early onset sepsis were Klebsiella, Pseudomonas and MRSA contributing 17% each to the bacteriological profile. The most common predisposing factor and clinical feature in culture positive cases were Premature rupture of membrane >24 hours (67%) and bleeding/petechia/pupura (72%) respectively. The major cause of mortality was pulmonary hemorrhage.Conclusions: Gram negative organism were more common and associated with higher mortality. Blood culture positivity increases with increase in number of risk factors in neonatal septicemia. A detailed history and thorough clinical examination is vital for early recognition of sepsis. 

Perinatal Risk Factors for Retinopathy of Prematurity in Preterm and Low Birth Weight Neonates

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
Reena Yadav ◽  
Sharad Gupta ◽  
Jyoti Baba Shrestha ◽  
Raveena Yadav ◽  
Tushar Bikram Sipaliya Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
P Value ◽  
Perinatal Risk Factors ◽  
Perinatal Risk ◽  
Oxygen Exposure

Background: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is emerging as a leading cause of childhood blindness. The incidence of ROP is likely to increase after improvement in neonatal care unit in premature neonates. This study is conducted to determine the perinatal risk factors for ROP in preterm and low birth weight neonates. Methods: This is a prospective, descriptive and clinical; hospital based study. A total of 92 preterm neonates with gestational age of 36 weeks or less and birth weight of 2000 grams or less admitted in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) were screened. Detailed antenatal, perinatal and neonatal history; birth asphyxia and subsequent oxygen support records were noted. All the neonates underwent detailed anterior and posterior segment eye examination with indirect binocular ophthalmoscope after pupil dilatation within 4 weeks of life. Retinal vascular changes were classified according to the International Classification of Retinopathy of Prematurity. The Chi-square test with odds ratio was performed to derive the association between ROP and antenatal, perinatal and neonatal factors. A p-value was considered significant at 0.05. Result: Out of 92 neonates, 21(22.8%) developed ROP. Twelve neonates (13%) had stage-1 ROP, 6(6.5%) had stage-2 and 3(3.3%) had stage-3 ROP. Birth weight (OR=2.9; p=0.04; 95% CI=1.0-8.3), gestational age (OR=3.9; p=0.01; 95% CI=1.3-11.8) and time span of oxygen exposure (OR=2.9; p=0.05; 95% CI=1.0-8.4) had a strong association with ROP. Conclusion: The incidence of ROP is significantly high among preterm low birth weight neonates. The risk of developing ROP becomes even greater with lower gestational age and more duration of oxygen exposure.

scholarly journals Low Birth Weight Prevalence in Children Diagnosed with Neurodevelopmental Disorders in Dubai

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 2333794X2110317
Author(s):  
Faisal A. Nawaz ◽  
Meshal A. Sultan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorders ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
High Birth Weight ◽  
Perinatal Risk Factors ◽  
Perinatal Risk ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of low birth weight and other perinatal risk factors in children diagnosed with neurodevelopmental disorders. This is one of the first studies in the Arabian Gulf region focused on the contribution of these factors toward the development of various disorders such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder, and other mental disorders. This descriptive study was based on qualitative data analysis. We reviewed retrospective information from the electronic medical records of 692 patients in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. The prevalence of low birth weight in children with mental disorders was significantly higher as compared to the general population (16% vs 6% respectively). Furthermore, other risk factors, including high birth weight and preterm birth were noted to have a significant association with neurodevelopmental disorders. Future research on the impact of perinatal risk factors will contribute to advancement of early intervention guidelines.

ASSOCIATION OF SERUM PROCALCITONIN LEVEL IN THE UMBILICAL CORD BLOOD OF THE NEONATES BORN WITH PERINATAL RISK FACTORS FOR EARLY-ONSET SEPSIS.

2021 ◽  
pp. 57-59
Author(s):  
Somsubhra Ghosh ◽  
Sibnath Gayen ◽  
Debarshi Jana
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Tertiary Referral Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Perinatal Risk Factors ◽  
Perinatal Risk ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Early Onset Sepsis

Introduction: Sepsis remains one of the most common causes of neonatal mortality and morbidity in India as also globally. Aim:To evaluate the level of procalcitonin (PCT) in the cord blood of the neonates born with perinatal risk factors for early-onset sepsis (EOS) at a tertiary referral hospital of Kolkata. Materials and methods: st An observational cross-sectional study Labour room of R G Kar Medical College & Hospital, Kolkata From February 1 , st 2019 to July 31 , 2020. Conclusion: This practice would represent a reduction of the potential toxicity in the newborns and in the development of bacterial resistances as well. However, maternal prophylactic antibiotherapy decreases the incidences of vertically transmitted neonatal infections

Perinatal risk factors for pneumothorax and morbidity and mortality in very low birth weight infants

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (22) ◽  
pp. 2679-2685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fermín García-Muñoz Rodrigo ◽  
Lourdes Urquía Martí ◽  
Gloria Galán Henríquez ◽  
Sonia Rivero Rodríguez ◽  
Patricia Tejera Carreño ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Perinatal Risk Factors ◽  
Perinatal Risk

scholarly journals A study on maternal and perinatal risk factors of cerebral palsy among children attending a cerebral palsy clinic in Visakhapatnam

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 317
Author(s):  
V. Soumya ◽  
K. V. Phani Madhavi ◽  
B. Devi Madhavi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Neonatal Jaundice ◽  
Previous History ◽  
National Health System ◽  
Perinatal Risk Factors ◽  
Perinatal Risk

Background: Cerebral palsy (CP) is a disorder of movement and posture, defined as an “umbrella term covering a group of non-progressive, but often changing, motor impairment syndromes secondary to lesions or anomalies of the brain arising in the early stages of its development”. Risk factors for CP include maternal infection, placental insufficiency, gestational diabetes, pregnancy induced hypertension, instrumental delivery, low birth weight, hypoxic ischemic injury, hyperbilirubinemia, metabolic abnormalities (hypoglycemia). The families are affected psychologically, financially and socially. It also imposes burden on national health system. The objective of the study was to study the distribution of maternal and perinatal risk factors of cerebral palsy among children attending a cerebral palsy clinic in Visakhapatnam.Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted by eliciting history from the mothers of 90 cerebral palsy children who were treated in cerebral palsy clinic, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India for a period of 6 months in 2016. After taking consent, data was collected using a pretested questionnaire. Detailed history was taken from the mothers of 90 cerebral palsy children regarding the period of gestation at which the child was born (preterm or full term), any previous history of pre-term delivery or abortions and neonatal complications was obtained from the care givers. Data was entered into MS-excel sheet and analysed by using SPSS Trial Version 20.Results: Total numbers of study subjects were 90, out of which 58 were boys and 32 were girls. Around 38% of study subjects were born out of consanguineous marriage. As per the records available, only 7% of mothers had gestational diabetes. It was found that 13% study subjects were preterm, 22% had low birth weight, 24% had perinatal hypoglycaemia, 33% had neonatal jaundice and 33% had birth asphyxia.Conclusions: Consanguinity, birth asphyxia, neonatal jaundice are found to be the important risk factors for Cerebral Palsy in our study which can be avoided by improving maternal and paediatric health services. 

scholarly journals Presentation and outcomes of early and late onset neonatal sepsis in a Nigerian Hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 2390-2399
Author(s):  
Ezra Ogundare ◽  
Akinyemi Akintayo ◽  
Theophilus Aladekomo ◽  
Lateef Adeyemi ◽  
Tinuade Ogunlesi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Diffusion Method

Background: Neonatal Sepsis remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in neonates despite great advances in antimicrobial therapy and life support measures.Objectives: To compare the aetiology, risk factors, presentation and outcomes of care between early onset neonatal sepsis (EOS) and late onset neonatal sepsis (LOS).Methods: Bacterial isolates were identified using blood cultures and antibiotic susceptibility testing was done using disc diffusion method. The risk factors, clinical presentation, laboratory findings and neonatal outcomes of the babies with EOS were compared with LOS. Statistical significance was set at P <0.05.Results: Neonatal Sepsis was responsible for 16% of Special Care Baby Unit (SCBU) admissions. Of the 72 babies with sepsis, 56 (77.8%) had EOS as against 16 (22.2%) who had late-onset sepsis. Low birth weight (p=0.01) and perinatal asphyxia (p=0.01) were significantly associated with EOS while for LOS, delivery outside the health facility (p=0.01) was the only significant risk factor. Respiratory distress was more significantly observed in EOS (p = 0.01). Neonatal deaths occurred in 32% of babies with EOS while all babies with culture positive LOS survived.Conclusion: Early onset neonatal sepsis is associated with high likelihood of neonatal mortality. Unsupervised delivery, birth asphyxia and low birth weight are risk factors associated with neonatal sepsis. Efforts to ensure supervised hospital delivery and improvement in neonatal resuscitation may reduce the incidence of neonatal sepsis and its attendant complications.Keywords: Onset neonatal , Nigerian Hospital.

scholarly journals Anthropometric outcome of extremely low birth weight and very low birth weight newborn at 12 months of corrected age associated with prenatal risk factors

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 2242
Author(s):  
Balai Ch. Karmakar ◽  
Ramesh Ch. Kalder
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Head Circumference ◽  
Extremely Low Birth Weight ◽  
Perinatal Risk Factors ◽  
Perinatal Risk ◽  
Low Birth Weight Babies ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Weight For Age

Background: Advancement of skill, technology and perinatal medicine has led to improve survival of low birth weight babies during the last few decades but they have reported high incidence of growth failure during infancy and early childhood. The objective of the study was to find out the influence of perinatal risk factors on anthropometric outcome.Methods: A prospective cohort study conducted on 143 ELBW and VLBW babies admitted in Sick Newborn Care Unit (SNCU and PICU) of North Bengal Medical College and Hospital (NBMC), Darjeeling, West Bengal from 2016 to 2017 and discharged babies were followed up.Results: Total 143 neonates were studied at NBMC among male 82(57.3%) and female 61(42.7%), 95 were AGA and 48 were SGA babies. Significant positive correlations were found among birth weight, gestational age, perinatal infection (p<0.001). The mean weight for age (Mean±SD) was 7.615±1.1092 kg with median 7.8 kg. The mean length for age (Mean±SD) was 72.6±3.74 cm with median 73 cm. The mean head circumference for age (Mean±SD) was 42.5±2.12 cm median 43 cm. Adverse neonatal outcome associated with CRIB II score ≥10. Total CRIB II score with parameters of growth (<-2 Z score) like weight for age, length for age, weight for length and head circumference for age shows significant correlation (p<0.001).Conclusions: Perinatal risk factors are important determinant for future anthropometric outcome in very low and extremely low birth weight babies. They should be identified, and appropriate measures should be taken to achieve good outcome.

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