ASSOCIATION OF SERUM PROCALCITONIN LEVEL IN THE UMBILICAL CORD BLOOD OF THE NEONATES BORN WITH PERINATAL RISK FACTORS FOR EARLY-ONSET SEPSIS.

2021 ◽  
pp. 57-59
Author(s):  
Somsubhra Ghosh ◽  
Sibnath Gayen ◽  
Debarshi Jana
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Tertiary Referral Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Perinatal Risk Factors ◽  
Perinatal Risk ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Early Onset Sepsis

Introduction: Sepsis remains one of the most common causes of neonatal mortality and morbidity in India as also globally. Aim:To evaluate the level of procalcitonin (PCT) in the cord blood of the neonates born with perinatal risk factors for early-onset sepsis (EOS) at a tertiary referral hospital of Kolkata. Materials and methods: st An observational cross-sectional study Labour room of R G Kar Medical College & Hospital, Kolkata From February 1 , st 2019 to July 31 , 2020. Conclusion: This practice would represent a reduction of the potential toxicity in the newborns and in the development of bacterial resistances as well. However, maternal prophylactic antibiotherapy decreases the incidences of vertically transmitted neonatal infections

scholarly journals Clinical Profile of Neonatal Early Onset Sepsis: A Study on the Current Scenario

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-41
Author(s):  
Kiran C Pankaj ◽  
Sristi Ganguly ◽  
Manas R Upadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Blood Culture ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
Perinatal Risk Factors ◽  
Perinatal Risk ◽  
Early Onset Sepsis ◽  
Sepsis Screen

Background: Neonatal early onset sepsis remains to be a challenge in India, owing to its variable presentation, diagnostic difficulty and high fatality. An attempt needs to be made to study its clinical profile for easy identification of such babies, with new antibiotic guidelines formulated based on current microorganisms isolated. The aim of the study is to study the clinical profile of early onset sepsis in neonates in terms of      the risk factors, clinical factors and etiology, and ascertain factors associated with definite sepsis. Subjects and Methods: This hospital based cross-sectional study enrolled neonates with suspected early onset sepsis. Those with congenital anomalies, surgical conditions, gestation <28 weeks and birth weight <1kg excluded. Subjects were subjected to sepsis screen and blood culture, and their perinatal history recorded. Blood culture positive babies were considered to have definite sepsis. Data was analysed using Chi square with SPSS 18. Results: Among 300 babies enrolled, 70 babies had definite sepsis. The most common organism isolated was Klebsiella (27.1%) and Staphylococcus hemolyticus (21.4%), most showing sensitivity to Ampicillin and Gentamicin. Respiratory distress was the commonest presentation (71.3%). A significant association with definite sepsis was seen with prematurity (p =0.0026) and low birth weight (p =0.0052), perinatal risk factors namely premature rupture  of membranes (p =0.004), foul smelling liquor (p=0.016) and birth asphyxia (p-value=0.02). 28.3% had positive sepsis screen, which was significant (p = 0.001). Conclusion: Early onset sepsis needs prompt identification and treatment initiation, possible with aid of sepsis screen and high index of suspicion with certain perinatal risk factors and gestational age and birth weight.

scholarly journals Forecasting the possibility of neonatal early onset sepsis based on perinatal risk factors

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 1534
Author(s):  
Kiran C. Pankaj ◽  
Sristi Ganguly ◽  
Manas R. Upadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Blood Culture ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Perinatal Risk Factors ◽  
Perinatal Risk ◽  
Early Onset Sepsis

Background: Neonatal sepsis remains a leading cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity, diagnosis of which remains difficult due to variable presentations. With the increasing threat of antimicrobial resistance, it is important to identify perinatal risk factors which are associated with higher incidence of definite sepsis, to initiate empirical antibiotics, while awaiting blood culture reports.Methods: This was hospital based cross-sectional study done in SVPPGIP, Cuttack, Odisha during January 2019 to April 2019, enrolling all neonates  ≥37 weeks gestation and aged less than 72 hours, with suspected early onset sepsis. Neonates with TORCH infections, congenital anomalies, syndromic baby or with surgical conditions were excluded. After obtaining informed consent, blood culture was sent for all and their perinatal risk factors noted. Blood culture positive newborns were considered to have definite sepsis. Data was analysed with Chi-square test and percentages, using SPSS 18.Results: Among the 200 cases, incidence of definite sepsis was 26%. The most common risk factor was low birth weight and birth asphyxia. Majority (67%) had single or lesser risk factor and number of risk factors was significantly associated with definite sepsis. A significant association was seen between blood culture positivity with low birth weight (p=0.003), foul smelling liquor (p= 0.025), birth asphyxia (p 0.018) and premature rupture of membranes (p= 0.016). The combination of maternal fever and unclean vaginal examination was also significantly associated with the same.Conclusions: Protocols for initiating empiric antibiotics need to be formulated, taking into account the significant risk factors, in resource limited settings, to avoid resource and time wastage.

scholarly journals Occurrence, associated risk factors, and treatment of surgical site infections in Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 205873922096054
Author(s):  
Faiz Ullah Khan ◽  
Yu Fang ◽  
Zakir Khan ◽  
Farman Ullah Khan ◽  
Zafar Iqbal Malik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Transurethral Resection ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Exploratory Laparotomy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Surgical Patients ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Globally, surgical site infections are one of the common infections which lead to a large amount of mortality and morbidity in postsurgical care. The risk for surgical site infection is multidimensional which includes mainly; patient, surgery, and hospital-related factors. This study is aimed to determine the burden of SSIs along with contributed risk factors. A prospective observational cross-sectional study was conducted in one of the largest public-sector hospitals in Pakistan. A total of 412 patients were recruited in the study with full consent and monitored for 30 days after surgery with direct and indirect surveillance. Overall, in seven different surgical procedures the incidence (29.8%) rate of SSI was observed; in appendectomy ( n = 17, 4.1%), exploratory laparotomy ( n = 51, 12.6%), laparoscopic cholecystectomy ( n = 12, 2.90%), mesh repair ( n = 17, 4.01%), thyroidectomy (5, 1.2%), transurethral resection of the prostate ( n = 11, 2.6%), and transurethral resection of the bladder (10, 2.4%). The average SSI rate in every single procedure was about 18 (4.27%) per surgical procedure out of 123 (29.85%) SSI cases. Types of SSI identified were superficial, deep incisional and organ/space ( n = 76, 18.4%, n = 23, 5.5%, and n = 24, 5.7%). Incidence of SSIs during admission, at readmission, and post-surveillance cases were ( n = 50, 12.1%, n = 25, 6.0% and n = 48, 11.6%). Associated risk factors found contributed to the incidence of SSI ( p < 0.05). Pre-operative ( n = 348, 84.5%) and 6 (1.5%) surgical patients did not received the post-operative antibiotics. The P. aeruginosa ( n = 15, 12.1%) and S. aureus (13, 10.5%). Cefoperazone and sulbactam were the most prescribed antibiotics. Associated risk factors and treatment outcomes of surgical patients have a direct association with the incidence of SSI. Hospital-based antimicrobial stewardship, implementation of surgical guidelines, patient care, and education are needed to develop at wards level in hospitals.

scholarly journals Perinatal risk factors for early onset of Type 1 diabetes in a 2000-2005 birth cohort

2009 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 1193-1197 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. S. Algert ◽  
A. McElduff ◽  
J. M. Morris ◽  
C. L. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Perinatal Risk Factors ◽  
Perinatal Risk

scholarly journals A study of malnutrition and associated risk factors among children of age 06-59 months in urban area of Jabalpur district (M.P.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 296
Author(s):  
Nandini Shukla ◽  
Neelam A. Toppo ◽  
Aditya Thakur ◽  
Pradeep Kumar Kasar
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Childhood Mortality ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Free Trial ◽  
Childhood Malnutrition

Background: “Malnutrition is a silent emergency”. Malnutrition is not only an important cause of childhood mortality and morbidity, but also leads to permanent impairment of both physical and mental growth of those who survive. Methods: Cross sectional study was conducted among 720 children of age group 06-59 months in randomly selected eight wards of Jabalpur District. Multistage random sampling technique was used for the selection of study subjects. Predesigned questionnaire was used to collect data and anthropometric measurements were done. Data entry and analysis was done using Epi Info™ 7.1.5 and SPSS 20.0 (free trial version). Results: The prevalence of underweight, stunting and wasting were found to be 34.3%, 41.5% and 18.9% respectively while the prevalence of obese and overweight was 3.1% and 7.4% respectively. Malnutrition was found to be higher among the children born with low birth weight, having higher birth order, more number of siblings, those with incomplete immunization status and inappropriate feeding practices i.e. lack of exclusive breast feeding and improper weaning. Conclusions: The present study demonstrates the multiple risk factors for childhood malnutrition, encompassing sectors other than health alone like social and economic sectors, requiring multisectoral approach to fight against the silent killer of childhood malnutrition. 

scholarly journals Prevalence of Perinatal Asphyxia with Evaluation of Associated Risk Factors in a Rural Tertiary Level Hospital

KYAMC Journal ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Solayman ◽  
Sayama Hoque ◽  
Taslima Akber ◽  
Md Imtiajul Islam ◽  
Md Anwarul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Perinatal Asphyxia ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Neonatal Unit ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Socioeconomic Condition ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Fetal Risk ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Background: Perinatal asphyxia (PNA) is one of the most important causes of perinatal mortality and morbidity which can be preventable and managable.Objectives: The purpose of the study was to determine the prevalence of perinatal asphyxia and to explore the factors influencing or related to the development of the PNA.Materials and Methods: It is a cross-sectional study conducted in the neonatal unit of department of pediatrics, KYAMC hospital from January 2015 to December 2016. Two hundred eleven neonates admitted in neonatal unit including SCABU were enrolled in the study considering inclusion criteria. Necessary information about sociodemography, peri-natal history (including antepartum, intrapartum and fetal risk factors) were collected by detailed history taking on a pre-designed questionnaire. Clinical examinations and outcomes were also recorded. We used Student's t-test and ?2-test to determine the association of PNA with various risk factors.Results: The male to female ratio was 1.6:1. The mean age of the neonates during admission time was 3.66 (±5.506) days (in PNA 1.8±2.803 days and in normal group 6.11±7.047 days). The overall prevalence of PNA was 56.9% (120); male 60.8% (73) and female 39.2% (47). Identified significant materno-fetal risk factors were maternal young age (p= .038), low socioeconomic condition (p = .000,) primiparity (p = .003), muconium stained amniotic fluid (p = .004), obstructed labour (p = .019), low birth weight (p = .009) and home vaginal delivery by local dai and midwives (p = .017). Serious neonatal complications noted among the asphyxiated babies were hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy with convulsion, neonatal jaundice, septicemia, transient tachypnoea of neonate, hypoglycemia, respiratory distress syndrome, caput succedaneum and feeding problem.Conclusions: Findings of this study highlight the need for the better obstetrical care and awareness of the possible presence of the risk factors of PNA among mothers and fetus, so that the occurrence and worsening of PNA could be prevented or at least appropriately managed. It can reduce the high incidence of morbidity and mortality due to birth asphyxia.KYAMC Journal Vol. 8, No.-1, Jul 2017, Page 43-48

scholarly journals A DESCRIPTION OF PERINATAL AS A RISK FACTOR OF CHILDREN’S SENSORINEURAL HEARING DISORDER IN OTOLARYNGOLOGY (ENT) POLYCLINIC OF ABDUL WAHAB HOSPITAL SJAHRANIE IN SAMARINDA

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-25
Author(s):  
Inna Inna Adilah ◽  
Moriko Pratiningrum
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Perinatal Period ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing ◽  
Hearing Disorder ◽  
Common Risk Factor ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Perinatal Risk Factors ◽  
Perinatal Risk ◽  
Common Risk Factors

Sensorineural Hearing Disorder in children could give a significant impact on everyday life and would cause loneliness, isolation, and frustration on children. Perinatal risk factors are important to note because they could be detected from newborn and could be an indication for the baby to do the screening. The purpose of hearing screening in newborns is to find hearing loss as early as possible so that habilitation can be done immediately. The purpose of this study was to describe perinatal period as risk factors for Sensorineural Hearing Disorder in children. The subjects of this study were children who has done BERA examinations at the Otolaryngology (ENT) Polyclinic of Abdul Wahab Sjahranie Hospital in Samarinda from January 2017 – June 2019. The design of this study was observational descriptive with cross-sectional method. There were 65 children as sample which consisted of 39 (60%) boys and 26 (40%) girls. BERA examination age that was found in this study has not reached the optimal standard if it is referring to the JCIH standard with the most age group is 3 years old. 37 (56.9%) children suffered from Sensorineural Hearing Disorder. 27 (41.5%) children had perinatal risk factors. The most common risk factors was jaundice which the researchers found on 11 (16.9%) children. 20 (30.8%) children who have perinatal risk factors and Sensorineural Hearing Disorder with the most common risk factor is LBW are as many as 10 (15.4%).  

scholarly journals Clinical Outcome of Meningitis and Its Risk Factors Among Children Admitted in Debre Markos Referral Hospital Pediatric Ward, Northwest Ethiopia,2019

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hailemariam Abiy ◽  
Zelalem Shiferaw ◽  
Yilkal Tafere
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Care Team ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Referral Hospital ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Debre Markos ◽  
Hospital Pediatric

Abstract Background:Meningitis remains a major cause of mortality and morbidity in patients in many countries of the world including Ethiopia. This study aimed to assess clinical outcomes and associated risk factors of meningitis among children who were admitted to Debre Markos Referral Hospital from January 2017 to December 2018.A backward stepwise multivariable logistic regression was applied with 95% confidence interval of odds ratio (OR) andstatistical significance less than 0.05 p-value were taken as cut off value.Methods:A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted. The study includesAll pediatric meningitis 211 cases from the age of one month to fourteen who were admitted due to meningitis in Debre Markos Referral Hospitalfrom January 2017 to December 2018.Data were entered, cleaned, and analyzed using SPSS for Windows, version 20.Results:The study showed that 18.9% of children with meningitis developed bad outcomes. In this study, children who were a worse clinical condition at admission 6 times more likely to develop bad outcomes [AOR= 6.321(2.121, 18.837)] and having a seizure at admission almost 19 times more likely to develop bad outcomes [AOR=18.953(6.677, 53.799)]. Conclusions:About one in five children with meningitis developed bad outcomes. The health care team should due attention to improving care for patients with severe conditions at admission and seizures were the alarming signs for poor outcomes in children.

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