scholarly journals Medication adherence among hypertensive adults residing in a rural area of Dakshina Kannada district

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1817
Author(s):  
Ananta Kumar ◽  
Pracheth R.
Keyword(s):  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Critical Determinant ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Adherence Scale ◽  
Study Participants

Background: Medication adherence is regarded as a critical determinant of control of hypertension. The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with medication adherence among hypertensive adults, residing in a rural area of Dakshina Kannada district.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from August to November 2015. A pre-designed, pre-tested proforma was used to collect information. The study participants were enquired about the medication adherence using the Morisky medication adherence scale (MMAS-8). Medication adherence was graded as high (zero score), medium (1-2 score) and low (3-8 score).Results: A total of 193 hypertensive adults fulfilling the inclusion criteria were included. Low medication adherence was observed in 56 (29.01%) of the study participants. Majority (67.88%), had medium adherence, while a very low percentage (3.11%) had high medication adherence, as per the MMAS-8. Low adherence was found to be higher among participants belonging to low socio-economic status (39.44%) when compared to other classes. This association was statistically significant (p=0.0025). Those having diabetes had higher rates of poor adherence (66.67%) when compared to non-diabetics (13.24%), which was statistically significant (p<0.0001). Consuming ≥3 medications was another factor found to be significantly associated with low medication adherence (p<0.0001).Conclusions: We conclude that 29.01% of the study participants had low medication adherence. Low socio-economic status (Class IV+V), presence of diabetes mellitus and number of medications were the factors found to be significantly associated with low medication adherence.

scholarly journals Pre lacteal feeding practice among mothers in a rural area of Karnataka: a cross sectional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
pp. 2919 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srividya Jayarama ◽  
Radha Ramaiah
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cultural Practice ◽  
Feeding Practice ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors ◽  
Study Participants

Background: In many countries across the world, the practice of giving new born babies other substances (pre lacteal feeding) even before lactation is a common cultural practice. The objectives of the study were to determine the prevalence of pre lacteal feeding practice among mothers and to identify the factors leading to pre lacteal feeding.Methods: A community based, cross sectional study was conducted among 206 mothers of infants and children younger than 24 months, residing in a rural area of Karnataka. Data regarding pre lacteal feeding practice, type of pre lacteal feed given, reasons for giving pre lacteal feed was collected using a predesigned questionnaire prepared in local language. Institutional ethical committee approval, informed consent from the study participants was taken and anonymity, confidentiality was ensured.Results: Out of 206 study participants, 66 (32.03%) had given pre lacteal feeds to their newborn, while 140 (67.97%) had not given pre lacteal feeds to their newborn. Pre lacteal feeding practice was more among mothers who were illiterates, who belonged to lower socio economic status. This difference in prevalence of pre lacteal feeding practice was found to be statistically significant. Honey, sugar water, religious water, coconut water, jaggery are the different types of pre lacteal feeds given. Customs, insisted by relatives, development of speech, helps in digestion, cleanses digestive system were the reported reasons for giving pre lacteal feeds.Conclusions: Socio demographic factors like education, socio economic status influence pre lacteal feeding practice. Through IEC (Information, education communication) activities awareness regarding ill effects of pre lacteal feeding practice should be created among mothers. 

scholarly journals A study of vaccination delay among under-five attendees at an immunisation clinic in a rural area of Goa

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1628
Author(s):  
Elvira Noronha ◽  
Hemangini K. Shah
Keyword(s):  
Economic Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Training Centre ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Vaccine Preventable Diseases ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Study Participants

Background: Vaccination has effectively shown to reduce mortality and morbidity due to vaccine-preventable diseases. However, these diseases are still responsible for majority of childhood deaths worldwide especially in the developing countries. It should be realized that with hesitance or delaying vaccinations, the period that the child at risk increases. Hence, the following study was conducted.Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out among 251 under-five immunization clinic attendees at an immunization clinic conducted at the Rural Health and Training Centre in Goa for a period of two months. Parents of the under-five children were interviewed and vaccination dates were obtained from health cards and vaccination delay was assessed.Results: Out of the total 251 study participants, 43.4% were males and 56.6% were females; 36.7% belonged to <2 years of age whereas 63.3% belonged to >2 years of age group. The education of the mothers and fathers of under five children, upto secondary education was 50.6% and 55.4% respectively and 31.5% of the study participants belonged to high socio-economic status. It was observed that 31% of the study participants (n=78) had a vaccination delay whereas 69% (n=173) of them were vaccinated on time. The reasons for delay in vaccination included unawareness, forgetfulness, sickness and migration. A statistically significant association was found between age, working status, socio-economic status and vaccination delay (p<0.05).Conclusions: Strategies must be evolved to educate the parents in the study area to have greater awareness regarding the immunization programmes. 

A study on the Relationship of the weight pattern with the socioeconomic status among adolescents school going children in an Indian Metropolitan City

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 320-323
Author(s):  
Samar Hossain ◽  
Sharma Priyanka ◽  
Talib Hossain ◽  
Surendra Mohan Mathur
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Obesity And Overweight ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Development Levels

Objective: The last two decades have witnessed an increase in health care costs due to obesity and related issues among children and adolescents. Childhood obesity is a global phenomenon affecting all socio-economic groups, irrespective of age, sex or ethnicity. The study was done to find the the prevalence of obesity and overweight and their association with socioeconomic status (SES) and the risk factors. Materials and Methods: School based cross sectional study carried out over a period of 4 months in three schools of East Delhi. The study was carried out in 629 school children of 10–18 years of age and belonging to different socioeconomic statuses in schools in East Delhi. The obesity and overweight were considered using an updated body mass index reference. A pre-tested questionnaire was used to determine the Socio-economic status and life style factors. Results: The prevalence of overweight among children was higher in middle socioeconomic status groups as compared to high socioeconomic class in both boys and girls whereas the prevalence of obesity was higher in high Socio economic status group as compared to middle socioeconomic group. The prevalence of obesity as well as overweight in low SES group was the lowest as compared to other group. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that the prevalence of overweight and obesity varies remarkably with different socioeconomic development levels.

scholarly journals Socio-Economic Status and Prevalence of Self-Reported Osteoporosis in Tehran: Results from a Large Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study (Urban HEART-2)

2018 ◽  
Vol 95 (5) ◽  
pp. 682-690 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Asadi-Lari ◽  
Y. Salimi ◽  
M. R. Vaez-Mahdavi ◽  
S. Faghihzadeh ◽  
A. A. Haeri Mehrizi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Status ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Socio Economic Status

scholarly journals Are good knowledge and positive attitudes regarding the cigarettes and other tobacco products act prevalent among rural Indian adults?

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 289
Author(s):  
Pracheth R. ◽  
Varun N. ◽  
Ravindra Y. M. ◽  
Preethi S. ◽  
Tasmiya K. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Good Knowledge ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
Study Participants

Background: Cigarettes and other tobacco products (COTPA) Act is a legislation passed to curb tobacco use in India by imposing restrictions on tobacco products. This study appraised knowledge and attitudes regarding COTPA Act among adults in a rural area and elicited socio-demographic predictors of knowledge and attitudes regarding COTPA Act among study participants.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from September to December 2014 on adults (aged ≥18 years) in a rural area of Coastal Karnataka. A pre-designed, pre-tested proforma was used to collect information from study participants regarding their knowledge and attitudes about COTPA Act. Knowledge and attitude scores were computed. A score of ≥4 was good knowledge and ≥3 was regarded as positive attitudes.Results: Nearly 49.14% had good knowledge, while 51.29% displayed positive attitudes. Those belonging to upper and upper middle socio-economic class (Class I+Class II) had higher odds for good knowledge (AOR=2.09, 95% CI=0.82-5.92), when compared to their counterparts belonging to other socio-economic classes. Age ≥60 years (AOR=3.80, 95% CI= 0.30-9.98), education beyond primary school (AOR=2.88, 95% CI=1.24-6.19), upper and upper middle class socio-economic status (AOR=3.68, 95% CI=1.34-7.02) were the key predictor variables for positive attitudes.Conclusions:Nearly half the study participants had good knowledge and positive attitudes towards COTPA Act. High socio-economic status could predict good knowledge, while age ≥60 years, education beyond primary school and a high socio-economic status were the key variables predicting positive attitudes. Educational campaigns can help improve knowledge. Assessment of knowledge and attitude is imperative prior to implementation of policies to ensure effectiveness. 

scholarly journals Relationship of socio-economic status and childhood cancer: an in-hospital cross-sectional study in a developing country

1970 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 180-184
Author(s):  
BJ Brown ◽  
AO Adeleye
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Cancer ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
Burkitt Lymphoma ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Health Seeking ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Health Seeking Behaviors

Background: Socioeconomic factors are known to affect health quality, disease occurrence as well as health-seeking behaviors in several ways.Objectives: To determine the influence of socio-economic factors on awareness of cancer, healthseeking behaviors among parents of children with cancer in a developing country and occurrence of cancer using Burkitt lymphoma as index malignancy.Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study that involved children with cancer seen over a 2-year period in a tertiary hospital in Nigeria. Information was obtained by interview through administration of a questionnaire and retrieval of clinical data from patients’ case notes.Results: The caregivers of 91 children (46 boys, 45 girls) were interviewed including 86 biological parents. Majority (84.6%) of the children belonged to the low socio -economic classes 3-5; 45 of 86 parents (52.3%), more likely in parents from higher socioeconomic classes, were aware of cancer but only 7 (8.1%) knew it could occur in children. There was no association between Burkitt lymphoma and socio-economic class. Twenty-eight (30.8%) parents of the 91 children visited alternate sources of health care, most commonly traditional healers, followed by religious centers. There was no association between visits to such centers and the parents’ socio-economic status or with presentation with metastatic disease.Conclusions: Awareness of childhood cancer is low among this cohort of parents; their socioeconomic status seems to impact on this level of awareness but not on their health-seeking behaviors for their affected children. Focused health education is needed to increase childhood cancer awareness and appropriate healthseeking behavior among the population studied.Key words: socio-economic; childhood; cancer; health-seeking; behaviour; awareness

scholarly journals A New Lebanese Medication Adherence Scale: Validation in Lebanese Hypertensive Adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Bou Serhal ◽  
P. Salameh ◽  
N. Wakim ◽  
C. Issa ◽  
B. Kassem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Scale Validation ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Hypertension Control ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adherence Scale ◽  
Good Internal Consistency ◽  
Average Measure

Background. A new Lebanese scale measuring medication adherence considered socioeconomic and cultural factors not taken into account by the eight-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8). Objectives were to validate the new adherence scale and its prediction of hypertension control, compared to MMAS-8, and to assess adherence rates and factors. Methodology. A cross-sectional study, including 405 patients, was performed in outpatient cardiology clinics of three hospitals in Beirut. Blood pressure was measured, a questionnaire filled, and sodium intake estimated by a urine test. Logistic regression defined predictors of hypertension control and adherence. Results. 54.9% had controlled hypertension. 82.4% were adherent by the new scale, which showed good internal consistency, adequate questions (KMO coefficient = 0.743), and four factors. It predicted hypertension control (OR = 1.217; p value = 0.003), unlike MMAS-8, but the scores were correlated (ICC average measure = 0.651; p value < 0.001). Stress and smoking predicted nonadherence. Conclusion. This study elaborated a validated, practical, and useful tool measuring adherence to medications in Lebanese hypertensive patients.

Assessment of Medication Adherence and Related Factors in Hypertensive Patients: The Role of Beliefs About Medicines

2020 ◽  
pp. 105477382098138
Author(s):  
Fatma Ilknur Cinar ◽  
Şule Mumcu ◽  
Betülay Kiliç ◽  
Ülkü Polat ◽  
Bilge Bal Özkaptan
Keyword(s):  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Antihypertensive Drugs ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Uncontrolled Blood Pressure ◽  
Beliefs About Medicines ◽  
Modifiable Factors ◽  
Adherence Scale

Low medication adherence is one of the leading causes that affect the achievement of target levels for hypertension. Identifying modifiable factors associated with low adherence is crucial. This study aims to assess medication adherence and the role of beliefs about medicines on medication adherence among hypertensive patients.This cross-sectional study was conducted with 200 hypertension patients.Data were collected using the Morisky-Green-Levine Medication Adherence Scale, and the Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire [BMQ-Turkish Translation (BMQ-T)]. It was found that the BMQ-T subscales of Specific Concern (β = 0.358, p = .027) and General Overuse (β = 0.552, p = .011) had an independent predictor effect on medication adherence scores. In this study, the patients who thought that drugs were overused and had concerns about this were seen to be less adherent with the medication. With regard to patients who use antihypertensive drugs but have uncontrolled blood pressure, their beliefs about drugs should not be ignored when evaluating adherence with drug therapy.

scholarly journals Uptake of routine vitamin A supplementation for children in Humbo district, southern Ethiopia: community-based cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Getnet Kassa ◽  
Addisalem Mesfin ◽  
Samson Gebremedhin
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vitamin A Supplementation ◽  
Socio Economic Status

Abstract Background In low- and middle-income countries routine vitamin A supplementation (VAS) is a key strategy for reducing vitamin A deficiency and mortality and morbidity of preschool children. However, in Ethiopia, there is paucity of evidence regarding the level and determinants of the uptake of the supplement. This study was designed to assess the coverage and predictors of VAS among preschool children in Humbo district, Southern Ethiopia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in April 2016. A total of 840 mothers/caregivers having children 6–59 months of age were selected using multistage cluster sampling technique from six rural villages implementing routine VAS program. Data were collected using interviewer administered questionnaire. Possible predictors considered in the study include distance from the nearby health facility, household socio-economic status, type of the household (model vs non-model), maternal access to health education on VAS, and knowledge on vitamin A and VAS. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify predictors of uptake of VAS. The outputs are presented using adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with the respective 95% confidence interval (CI). Results The coverage of VAS was 75.0% (95% CI: 72.1–77.9). Better knowledge of mothers about the importance of the supplement (AOR: 1.49, 1.02–2.17), obtaining VAS related information from frontline community health workers (AOR: 1.51, 1.34–2.72) than health professionals and being from households in the “rich” wealth tertile (AOR: 1.80, 95% CI: 1.07–3.03) were positively associated with uptake VAS. Conclusion The VAS coverage of the area was approaching the expected national target of 80%. However, the uptake can be enhanced though awareness creation and improving socio-economic status of the community.

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