scholarly journals Impact of conditional cash transfer scheme (MAMATA) on the prevalent MCH care practices in rural areas of Ganjam district, Orissa: a descriptive study

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 3537
Author(s):  
Syed Irfan Ali ◽  
Jarina Begum ◽  
Manasee Panda
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Conditional Cash Transfer ◽  
Cash Transfer ◽  
Health Seeking ◽  
Transfer Scheme ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Care Practices ◽  
Ganjam District ◽  
The Impact

Background: RMNCH services are provided in an integrated manner to it’s beneficiaries under the premise of Primary Health Care. The utilization rates for such services have remained abysmally low and stagnated over the years. The problem lies in failure to generate a demand for such services among it’s beneficiaries. MAMATA a conditional cash transfer scheme implemented in Odisha, aims to bring around radical changes by addressing the issue of demand generation. The objectives of the study were to assess the implementation of MAMATA scheme services in the study area and to assess the impact made by the scheme in their life.Methods: The study was conducted on 200 women, who were randomly selected from the 903 pregnant women registered under Mamata Scheme from a randomly selected block of Odisha. They were then followed up for a period of 15 months.Results: Implementation of the scheme in the district was smooth, the instalments were paid regularly in most of the cases without any delay. Impact of the scheme- 98% got adequate rest during pregnancy, because of the scheme. 95% utilized the money for purchasing nutritious food and procuring medicines. The scheme has also helped develop a health seeking attitude in most of the beneficiaries (85%). 97% felt a sense of empowerment and independence compared to the past.Conclusions: The benefits of MAMATA scheme percolated beyond the boundaries of demand generation. It also brought about a sense of empowerment and independence among it’s beneficiaries.

scholarly journals Evaluating the impact of the Bolsa Familia conditional cash transfer program on premature cardiovascular and all-cause mortality using the 100 million Brazilian cohort: a natural experiment study protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. e039658
Author(s):  
Julia M Pescarini ◽  
Peter Craig ◽  
Mirjam Allik ◽  
Leila Amorim ◽  
Sanni Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conditional Cash Transfer ◽  
Cash Transfer ◽  
Survival Models ◽  
Transfer Program ◽  
Transfer Scheme ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Bolsa Familia ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Brazilian Cohort

IntroductionBrazil’s Bolsa Familia Program (BFP) is the world’s largest conditional cash transfer scheme. We shall use a large cohort of applicants for different social programmes to evaluate the effect of BFP receipt on premature all-cause and cardiovascular mortality.Methods and analysisWe will identify BFP recipients and non-recipients among new applicants from 2004 to 2015 in the 100 Million Brazilian Cohort, a database of 114 million individuals containing sociodemographic and mortality information of applicants to any Brazilian social programme. For individuals applying from 2011, when we have better recorded income data, we shall compare premature (age 30–69) cardiovascular and all-cause mortality among BFP recipients and non-recipients using regression discontinuity design (RDD) with household monthly per capita income as the forcing variable. Effects will be estimated using survival models accounting for individuals follow-up. To test the sensitivity of our findings, we will estimate models with different bandwidths, include potential confounders as covariates in the survival models, and restrict our data to locations with the most reliable data. In addition, we will estimate the effect of BFP on studied outcomes using propensity score risk-set matching, separately for individuals that applied ≤2010 and >2011, allowing comparability with RDD. Analyses will be stratified by geographical region, gender, race/ethnicity and socioeconomic position. We will investigate differential impacts of BFP and the presence of effect modification for a combination of characteristics, including gender and race/ethnicity.Ethics and disseminationThe study was approved by the ethics committees of Oswaldo Cruz Foundation and the University of Glasgow College of Medicine and Veterinary Life Sciences. The deidentified dataset will be provided to researchers, and data analysis will be performed in a safe computational environment without internet access. Study findings will be published in high quality peer-reviewed research articles. The published results will be disseminated in the social media and to policy-makers.

scholarly journals Impacto del programa Asignación Universal por Hijo en los resultados educativos y las tareas de los estudiantes en Argentina

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Monserrat Serio ◽  
Martina Herrera
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Conditional Cash Transfer ◽  
Average Treatment Effect ◽  
Cash Transfer ◽  
Transfer Program ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The Impact ◽  
School Tasks

This paper explores the effect of the principal conditional cash transfer program known as Asignación Universal por Hijo (AUH) of Argentina on educational outcomes such as attendance, performance in reading and mathematics, and grade repetition. Also, we analyze the impact on non-school tasks that students performed which can replace the time dedicated to studying and permanence in the school. We use the Aprender 2016 assessment database focusing on data of students from primary and high school. We use non-experimental data exploiting the question about if the student’s family is a beneficiary of the AUH. We perform a Coarsened Exact Matching (CEM) and estimate the average treatment effect on the treated of the program. The results show that the AUH had a positive impact on attendance augmenting the probability of not being absent from class fewer than eight and seventeen days in 1.3 p.p and 1 p.p., respectively. However, positive effects on educational performance and conducting of non-school tasks are not found. We also found heterogeneous effects, for male students the program increases the probability of missing fewer classes at all levels between 0.4 p.p. and 1.5 p.p. and students from rural areas and public schools have reassigned non-school tasks.

scholarly journals The impact of a conditional cash transfer programme on determinants of child health: evidence from Colombia

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (14) ◽  
pp. 2629-2642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Lopez-Arana ◽  
Mauricio Avendano ◽  
Frank J van Lenthe ◽  
Alex Burdorf
Keyword(s):  
Child Health ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Maternal Employment ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Conditional Cash Transfer ◽  
Cash Transfer ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Preventive Care Services ◽  
The Impact

AbstractObjectiveConditional cash transfer (CCT) programmes provide income to low-income families in return for fulfilling specific behavioural conditions. CCT have been shown to improve child health, but there are few systematic studies of their impact on multiple determinants of child health. We examined the impact of a CCT programme in Colombia on: (i) use of preventive health services; (ii) food consumption and dietary diversity; (iii) mother’s knowledge, attitudes and practices about caregiving practices; (iv) maternal employment; and (v) women’s empowerment.DesignSecondary analysis of the quasi-experimental evaluation of theFamilias en Accionprogramme. Children and families were assessed in 2002, 2003 and 2005–06. We applied a difference-in-differences approach using logistic or linear regression, separately examining effects for urban and rural areas.SettingColombia.SubjectsChildren (n1450) and their families in thirty-one treatment municipalities were compared with children (n1851) from sixty-five matched control municipalities.ResultsFamilias en Accionwas associated with a significant increase in the probability of using preventive care services (OR=1·85, 95 % CI 1·03, 3·30) and growth and development check-ups (β=1·36, 95 % CI 0·76, 1·95). It had also a positive impact on dietary diversity and food consumption. No effect was observed on maternal employment, women’s empowerment, and knowledge, attitudes and practices about caregiving practices. Overall,Familias en Accion’s impact was more marked in rural areas.ConclusionCCT in Colombia increase contact with preventive care services and improve dietary diversity, but they are less effective in influencing mother’s employment decisions, empowerment and knowledge of caregiving practices.

scholarly journals The association between a conditional cash transfer programme and malaria incidence: a longitudinal ecological study in the Brazilian Amazon between 2004 and 2015

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Layana Costa Alves ◽  
Mauro Niskier Sanchez ◽  
Thomas Hone ◽  
Luiz Felipe Pinto ◽  
Joilda Silva Nery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Malaria Incidence ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Negative Binomial Regression ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Conditional Cash Transfer ◽  
Cash Transfer ◽  
Percentage Point Increase ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Malaria causes 400 thousand deaths worldwide annually. In 2018, 25% (187,693) of the total malaria cases in the Americas were in Brazil, with nearly all (99%) Brazilian cases in the Amazon region. The Bolsa Família Programme (BFP) is a conditional cash transfer (CCT) programme launched in 2003 to reduce poverty and has led to improvements in health outcomes. CCT programmes may reduce the burden of malaria by alleviating poverty and by promoting access to healthcare, however this relationship is underexplored. This study investigated the association between BFP coverage and malaria incidence in Brazil. Methods A longitudinal panel study was conducted of 807 municipalities in the Brazilian Amazon between 2004 and 2015. Negative binomial regression models adjusted for demographic and socioeconomic covariates and time trends were employed with fixed effects specifications. Results A one percentage point increase in municipal BFP coverage was associated with a 0.3% decrease in the incidence of malaria (RR = 0.997; 95% CI = 0.994–0.998). The average municipal BFP coverage increased 24 percentage points over the period 2004–2015 corresponding to be a reduction of 7.2% in the malaria incidence. Conclusions Higher coverage of the BFP was associated with a reduction in the incidence of malaria. CCT programmes should be encouraged in endemic regions for malaria in order to mitigate the impact of disease and poverty itself in these settings.

scholarly journals Design and evaluation of probabilistic record linkage methods supporting the Brazilian 100-million cohort initiative.

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robespierre Pita ◽  
Clicia Pinto ◽  
Marcos Barreto ◽  
Samila Sena ◽  
Rosemeire Fiaccone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Conditional Cash Transfer ◽  
Probabilistic Methods ◽  
Cash Transfer ◽  
Bloom Filters ◽  
Santa Catarina ◽  
Entire Cohort ◽  
Unified Health System ◽  
Linkage Methods ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTBackground and aimsA cooperation Brazil-UK was set in mid-2013 aiming at to build a huge cohort comprised by individuals registered in CadastroÚnico (CADU), a socioeconomic database used in social programmes of the Brazilian government. Epidemiologists and statisticians wish to assess the impact of Bolsa Família (PBF), a conditional cash transfer programme, on the incidence of several diseases (tuberculosis, leprosy, HIV etc). The cohort must contain all individuals who received at least one payment from PBF between 2007 and 2012, which results in a 100-million records according to our preliminary analysis. These individuals must be probabilistically linked with databases from the Unified Health System (SUS), such as hospitalization (SIH), notifiable diseases (SINAN), mortality (SIM), live births (SINASC), to produce data marts (domain-specific data) to the proposed studies. Within this cooperation, our first goal was to design and evaluate probabilistic methods to routine link the cohort, PBF, and SUS outcomes. ApproachWe implemented two probabilistic linkage methods: a full probabilistic, based on the Dice similarity (Sorensen index) of Bloom filters; and an hybrid approach, based on rules to deterministic and probabilistic matching. We performed linkages involving CADU (2011 extraction) and SUS outcomes (SIH, SINAN, and SIM) with samples from 3 states (Sergipe, Santa Catarina and Bahia) with an increasing size (from 1,447,512 to 12,036,010). ResultsUsing a Dice between 0.90 and 0.92, our methods retrieved more than 95% of true positive pairs amongst the linked pairs. For Sergipe, we obtained as <linked pairs,true positives>: <23,22>, <315,300>, <32,32>, respectively for SIH, SINAN, and SIM. For Bahia: <771,593>, <2677,2626>, <208,207>. Another linkage between CADU (1,447,512 records) and SINAN (624 records), for tuberculosis in Sergipe, returned 397 (full probabilistic) and 311 (hybrid) linked pairs, being 306 and 300 true positives. Another execution considering CADU (1,988,599 records) and SINAN (2,094 records), for tuberculosis in Santa Catarina, returned 791 (full probabilistic) and 500 (hybrid) linked pairs, with 667 and 472 true positives. Linking CADU (1.685,697 records) and SIM, for mortality of children under-4, returned 18 linked pairs, all of them true positives, for a Dice between 0.90 and 0.92 and with 100% of sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value. ConclusionDue to the absence of gold standards, we use samples with increasing sizes and manual review when adequate. Our results are quite accurate, although obtained with an unique extraction of CADU. We are starting to run linkages with the entire cohort.

scholarly journals The impact of COVID-19 on primary health care and antibiotic prescribing in rural China: qualitative study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tingting Zhang ◽  
Xingrong Shen ◽  
Rong Liu ◽  
Linhai Zhao ◽  
Debin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural China ◽  
Antibiotic Prescribing ◽  
Epidemic Control ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background In China, the primary health care (PHC) system has been designated responsible for control and prevention of COVID-19, but not treatment. Suspected COVID-19 cases presenting to PHC facilities must be transferred to specialist fever clinics. This study aims to understand the impact of COVID-19 on PHC delivery and on antibiotic prescribing at a community level in rural areas of central China. Methods Qualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted with 18 PHC practitioners and seven patients recruited from two township health centres and nine village clinics in two rural residential areas of Anhui province. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically. Results PHC practitioners reported a major shift in their work away from seeing and treating patients (due to government-mandated referral to specialist Covid clinics) to focus on the key public health roles of tracing, screening and educating in rural areas. The additional work, risk, and financial pressure that PHC practitioners faced, placed considerable strain on them, particularly those working in village clinics. Face to face PHC provision was reduced and there was no substitution with consultations by phone or app, which practitioners attributed to the fact that most of their patients were elderly and not willing or able to switch. Practitioners saw COVID-19 as outside of their area of expertise and very different to the non-COVID-19 respiratory tract infections that they frequently treated pre-pandemic. They reported that antibiotic prescribing was reduced overall because far fewer patients were attending rural PHC facilities, but otherwise their antibiotic prescribing practices remained unchanged. Conclusions The COVID-19 pandemic had considerable impact on PHC in rural China. Practitioners took on substantial additional workload as part of epidemic control and fewer patients were seen in PHC. The reduction in patients seen and treated in PHC led to a reduction in antibiotic prescribing, although clinical practice remains unchanged. Since COVID-19 epidemic control work has been designated as a long-term task in China, rural PHC clinics now face the challenge of how to balance their principal clinical and increased public health roles and, in the case of the village clinics, remain financially viable.

scholarly journals Compulsory education laws or incentives from CCT programs? Explaining the rise in secondary school attendance rate in Argentina

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Edo ◽  
Mariana Marchionni ◽  
Santiago Garganta
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Latin American ◽  
School Attendance ◽  
Compulsory Education ◽  
Conditional Cash Transfer ◽  
Cash Transfer ◽  
Transfer Program ◽  
National Education ◽  
Upper Secondary Education ◽  
The Impact

Argentina has traditionally stood out in terms of educational outcomes among its Latin American counterparts. Schooling of older children, however, still shows room for improvement especially among the more vulnerable. Fortunately, during the last years a sizeable improvement in attendance rates for children aged 15 through 17 took place. This could be related to the 2006 National Education Law that made upper-secondary education compulsory. In this paper, instead, we claim that the Asignación Universal por Hijo (Universal Child Allowance, AUH) -a massive conditional cash transfer program implemented in 2009 in Argentina- may be mostly responsible for this improvement. Using a difference-in-difference strategy we estimate that the program accounts for a 3.9 percentage point increase in the probability of attending secondary school among eligible children aged 15 through 17. The impact seems to be led by boys and is more relevant for children living in larger families where the head of household has a lower educational level.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document