scholarly journals Evaluation of liver function test in malaria positive cases in tertiary care hospital of Bareilly

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 2193
Author(s):  
Ajay Kumar Agarwal ◽  
Ghanshyam Dass Katiyar ◽  
Swati Khan ◽  
Bharat Chand Chaudhary ◽  
Arun Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Function ◽  
Liver Function Test ◽  
Serum Bilirubin ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Plasmodium Species ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Malarial Infection ◽  
Function Test

Background: Malaria is a life-threatening disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate liver function test in malaria positive cases.Methods: A cross sectional study was done to find out changes in liver function test in malaria positive cases. Study was done in Central Pathology Lab, RMCH, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh. Blood samples were collected in EDTA and plain vacutainer tube. Blood smear was examined for malaria parasite within RBCs. Malaria rapid test was done for detection of Plasmodium species and liver function test was done for effect of malaria.Results: In this study it was found that maximum malaria positive cases (25.50%) in 21-30 years age group. and in males (22.56%) in 11-20 years age group and in females (34.75%) in 21-30 years age group. Maximum cases of P. vivax (27.66%) in 21-30 years age group, P. falciparum (33.33%) in 21-30 and 41-50 years age group and mixed malarial infection (21.92%) in 31-40 years age group was found maximum P. vivax cases (51.06%) and mixed malarial infection (65.75%) in male and maximum P. falciparum (66.67%) in female was found. Maximum above normal limit serum bilirubin (63.75%), direct serum bilirubin (67.93%), SGPT (38.45%), SGOT (70.52%) and ALP (48.01%) was found in malaria positive cases. Maximum deranged serum bilirubin (83.33%), direct bilirubin (100.00%), SGOT (100.00%), ALP (83.33%) was found in P. falciparum and maximum deranged SGPT (50.68%) was found in mixed infection.Conclusions: Malaria remains a major health problem in developing countries it affects the liver function test which helps in management of malaria patient. 

scholarly journals Oral antifungal: the safety and efficacy of oral itraconazole in dermatophytosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 2470
Author(s):  
Vaishali Thakare ◽  
Nandita K. Patel ◽  
Sharmila Patil ◽  
Navin Modi
Keyword(s):  
Liver Function ◽  
Liver Function Test ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Liver Function Tests ◽  
Hepatic Function ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Hepatic Transaminases ◽  
Function Test ◽  
History Of ◽  
Oral Itraconazole

Background: The systemic antifungals like Griseofulvin, Itraconazole, Terbinafine, Ketoconazole and Fluconazole are widely used for superficial fungal infection. Hepatotoxicity with oral antifungals is well established fact. The rate of transient asymptomatic changes in liver function tests accounts for about 0.5 - 10% of all patients treated with systemic antifungals. Clinical hepatic toxicity is seen less frequently. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of oral Itraconazole on hepatic function and it’s efficacy in patients with extensive dermatophytosis.Methods: The total of 524 patients with extensive dermatophytosis were included in our study which was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in Navi Mumbai.Results: Itraconazole, a systemic antifungal agent is efficiently used in treatment of superficial and deep mycoses. It inhibits fungal cytochrome P450 dependent enzyme and thus impaires conversion of lanosterol to ergosterol. Adverse reactions to itraconazole includes drug reactions, gastrointestinal upset, headache, dizziness, thrombocytopenia, gynecomastia, reversible edema of extremities and metabolic side effects like hypokalemia, and hypertriglyceridemia. The level of hepatic transaminases increases in about 1%-5% of patients who have received continuous therapy with systemic itraconazole. Clinical hepatitis rarely occurs in patients and, recovery generally ensues with the cessation of medication.Conclusions: The baseline and post treatment liver function test is important to monitor if patient is on higher dose and longer duration of itraconazole therapy. The screening for high risk patients like poor liver function test, history of alcoholism, history of liver disease should be taken before stating the therapy.

scholarly journals A study of Acute Liver Failure in adults in a tertiary care hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 204-207
Author(s):  
Dr. Mohini Singh ◽  
◽  
Dr. Srilakshmi Sathiyaseelan ◽  
Devarasetty Shashank ◽  
Dr. S.R. Ramakrishnan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Function ◽  
Liver Failure ◽  
Acute Liver Failure ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Function Test

Acute liver failure (ALF) is a condition with rapid deterioration of liver function resulting in hepatic encephalopathy and/or coagulopathy in patients with previously normal liver. Acute liver failure (ALF) is an uncommon condition associated with high morbidity and mortality. The prognosis is poor for untreated cases of Acute liver failure, so early recognition and management of patients with acute liver failure is crucial. A cause for acute liver failure can be identified in 60 to 80 percent of patients. Identifying the underlying cause of the liver failure is important because it influences the approach to management and provides prognostic information. Aims and Objectives: The aim of our study is to identify the clinical features, etiology and outcome of acute liver failure in a tertiary care hospital. Materials and Methods: This study is an observational study where patients with Acute Liver Failure admitted in ICU in our institution after meeting the diagnostic criteria for Acute liver failure were included in the study. Details of history, relevant symptoms and baseline investigations included, complete blood count, blood glucose, renal function test, serum electrolytes, liver function test (LFT), prothrombin time, international normalized ratio (INR), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK)], arterial blood gas analysis, arterial lactate, arterial ammonia, amylase and lipase level and pregnancy test (if female) and ultrasonography (USG) abdomen were recorded, MRI brain and other investigations relevant to the admission diagnosis, co morbidities and aetiology if needed were recorded. All the patients received standard supportive treatment for ALF. Results: In this study of 57 patients, majority of the patients were from the age group 41 to 50 years (17 patients) and 31 to 40 years (13 patients). 36 patients were male and 21 patients were females. Jaundice and encephalopathy was observed in all 57 (100%) patients, 24 (42%) patients had INR >2.5, 27 (47%) patients had serum creatinine >1.2 mg/dl and 18 (31.5%) patients had serum ammonia levels >100 micromol/L. The lowest value for serum aminotranferase was observed in infections (other than viral hepatitis) and maximum value was observed in drugs leading to ALF.In 20 (35%) patients viral hepatitis was the cause for ALD, followed by drugs and toxins which was the cause of ALD in 18 (31.5%) patients. Infections other viral hepatitis as the aetiology for ALF was observed in 16 (28%) of patients. Ischemic hepatitis was observed in 1 and Wilson’s disease was noted in 2 patients. Total 6 (10.5%) patients out of 57 patients had died, 4 patients with hepatitis B infection, 1 patient with paracetamol over dosage and 1 patient with dengue fever had died. Conclusion: Viral hepatitis and drugs are the commonest cause for acute liver failure. The aetiology of ALF varies significantly worldwide. Determining the etiology of acute liver failure requires a combination of detailed history taking and investigations. A broad evaluation is required to identify a cause of the acute liver failure, as the prognosis is poor in untreated cases of acute liver failure, so early recognition and management of patients with acute liver failure is crucial.

scholarly journals Prevalence of paediatric dermatoses among patients attending Dermatology outpatient department in a tertiary care hospital in Puducherry

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 368
Author(s):  
Varsha Medasani ◽  
Paquirissamy Oudeacoumar ◽  
Rao Chitralekhya ◽  
Saurabh Krishna Misra
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Outpatient Department ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Pigmentary Disorders

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Skin diseases are a major health problem in the paediatric age group and are associated with significant morbidity. Dermatoses in children are more influenced by socioeconomic status, dietary habits, climatic exposure and external environment as compared to adults. The present study was undertaken to know the prevalence of paediatric dermatoses among patients attending Dermatology outpatient department in a tertiary care hospital in Puducherry.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> All newly diagnosed, untreated male and female paediatric patients (from neonates to adolescents ≤19 years of age) attending Dermatology OPD, from October 2015 to September 2017 were evaluated to study the prevalence and patterns of paediatric dermatoses. The skin disorders were classified into groups like infections, infestations, eczemas, acne, hypersensitivity disorders, sweat gland disorders, pigmentary disorders, nevi, keratinisation disorders, hair and scalp disorders, papulosquamous disorders, bullous disorders, nail disorders, drug reactions, other dermatoses.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The prevalence of pediatric dermatoses in our OPD is 25.21%. Incidence of pediatric dermatoses was found to be more in males 237 (59.39%) than in females 162 (40.60%) and the majority of the patients were in adolescent age group (217; 54.38%). Present study showed that majority of cases belonged to the lower socioeconomic group 186(46.6 %). In our study, majority (58.98%) of dermatoses belonged to infections and infestations group. Of the infective dermatoses, fungal infections (27.88%) were the most common.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Infectious dermatoses were commonly seen in this study that may be due to poverty, overcrowding, poor hygiene. There is an increasing trend of fungal infections which might be related to hygiene and environment. </p>

scholarly journals A study on serum bilirubin levels in coronary artery disease patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 1437
Author(s):  
Jayanthi N. ◽  
Abhilash Kasibhatla V. S. S. R. ◽  
Shankar R.
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Ejection Fraction ◽  
Liver Function Test ◽  
Bilirubin Level ◽  
Total Bilirubin ◽  
Serum Bilirubin ◽  
Function Test ◽  
Artery Disease

Background: The protective effect of bilirubin relates to the antioxidant property of bilirubin, which prevents lipid oxidation, especially low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and inhibits free radical-induced dam-ages. Lower serum bilirubin level has been proven to be associated with endothelium and microvascular malfunction. The aim of the present study was to assess the association between serum bilirubin levels and coronary artery disease in comparison with controls without coronary artery disease.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted for a period of a one year in our medical college hospital. Patients with evidence of coronary artery disease for not more than 10 years of duration confirmed by ECG, ECHO and other previous case records were taken as cases. Controls were selected matched with age, gender and other co-morbid conditions. Total of 200 subjects were included in the study with 100 cases and 100 controls. General and systemic examination was conducted on all study subjects including laboratory investigations like complete blood count, renal function test, lipid profile, viral markers such as HBsAG, HCVIgM and liver function test which includes total bilirubin, direct and indirect, liver enzymes, albumin and globulin levels. A 12 lead ECG and a transthoracic echocardiogram was performed for all patients.Results: The various liver function test parameters were compared between the cases and controls it was found that the serum bilirubin levels which includes total bilirubin, direct bilirubin and indirect bilirubin was found to be lower among the case group compared to the control group and this difference was found to be statistically significant (p <0.05). A perfect linear correlation between the ejection fraction and serum bilirubin levels, as the ejection fraction decreases the serum bilirubin levels was also decreasing.Conclusions: This study showed a significant association between the reduced serum bilirubin levels and the occurrence of CAD; therefore, bilirubin level can serve as a predictive factor, together with other influential factors for identifying a person at risk of developing coronary artery disease. 

scholarly journals Profile of alopecia areata in patients attending dermatology out patient department in a tertiary care hospital in Gangtok, Sikkim

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 782
Author(s):  
Nisha Gupta ◽  
Rekha Sharma ◽  
Rukma L. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Alopecia Areata ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
The Body ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Male Preponderance ◽  
Patient Department

<p><strong>Background:</strong> Alopecia areata is a condition that is characterized by a well-defined round or oval patches of non-scaring hair loss in scalp or any hairy area of the body. Alopecia areata has become a major health problem faced by people all over the world. This research was done to ascertain the prevalence of alopecia areata in different age group and to study its association with autoimmune diseases and systemic illnesses.</p><p><strong>Methods:</strong> The present hospital based descriptive study includes 52 alopecia areata patients attending dermatology out-patient department.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> It was seen that the disease can occur at any age group mostly affecting those between 21-40 years. The age of presentation varied from 14 to 48 years with male preponderance. It was found that arthritis was associated in 30.7%, ANA was positive in 7.7% and 12% had hypothyroidism. Eosinophilia was found in 34.6% and 7.7% had asthma among then.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Our study shows that it could be associated with autoimmunity, thyroid abnormality, atopy and inflammation.</p>

scholarly journals Hepatic dysfunction in children with complicated malaria

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 547
Author(s):  
Alexander Mannu ◽  
Sunil Kumar Agarwalla ◽  
Jaishree Vasudevan ◽  
Kathir Subramaniam T. ◽  
Ahamed Basha A.
Keyword(s):  
Liver Function ◽  
Liver Function Test ◽  
Hepatic Dysfunction ◽  
Serum Bilirubin ◽  
Hepatic Function ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Endemic Region ◽  
Complicated Malaria ◽  
Function Test ◽  
Moderate Elevation

Background: Complicated malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum alone or with P. vivax can lead to multi organ dysfunction. There is a paucity of studies about hepatic dysfunction in children with complicated malaria. Hence, this retrospective study was done to find out the clinico-biochemical profile of children with complicated malarial hepatic dysfunction from a malaria endemic region of India. Further, liver function test (LFT) response to Artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) i.e. artesunate + sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine therapy in the malarial hepatic dysfunction children was assessed. Methods: Out of 203 children confirmed to have malaria, 60 children were found to have complicated malaria with jaundice as per WHO malaria guidelines (total serum bilirubin >3 mg%). Physical examination, malaria related biochemical and ultra-sonographic findings were noted. All the children were found to be uniformly on ACT as per institute protocol adapted from WHO guidelines. Biochemical parameters of hepatic function were compared between day 1 and 4.Results: Presentations were fever, pallor and clinical jaundice in 100%, reddish urine in 63.3%, tender hepatomegaly in 100% and splenomegaly in 81.7% of the study population. Liver function test showed mild to moderate elevation of serum bilirubin and enzymes with remarkable recovery noticed with the use of ACT in all the study subjects.Conclusions: Clinical presentations of malarial hepatic dysfunction although mimics viral hepatitis, LFT showed mild to moderate elevation only. Further, ACT therapy was found effective in the management of all children with hepatic dysfunction in complicated malaria.

scholarly journals COMPARISON OF LIVER FUNCTION TESTS OF NORMALAND PRE-ECLAMPTIC PREGNANT FEMALES: A HOSPITAL BASED STUDY

2020 ◽  
pp. 8-9
Author(s):  
Shayista Gull
Keyword(s):  
Liver Function ◽  
Liver Function Test ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Serum Bilirubin ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Liver Function Tests ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Serum Total Protein ◽  
Function Tests ◽  
Function Test

Background: Pre-eclampsia is a multi-system disorder of unknown etiology involving almost every organ of body including kidney, liver, brain, heart, stomach and adrenals. In liver periportal hemorrhagic necrosis, ischemic lesions and fibrin deposition occurs due to thrombosis of arterioles. Objective: To compare the liver function tests in normal pregnancy and preeclampsia Methodology: This study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, SKIMS, Soura, Kashmir for 18 months. Participants were divided into two groups: Cases: Comprised of 200 patients with toxemia of pregnancy, Controls: comprised of 500 normal, healthy normotensive pregnant women. This group was studied to get the normal values of liver enzymes and served as controls. A complete blood count, microscopic examination of urine, liver function test, kidney function test , 24 hour urinary protein estimation was done on all participants. Results: Among the cases, 49(24.5%) patients while 76 (15.2%) controls had deranged serum bilirubin. Ninety-nine(49.5%) cases had deranged ALT while 16(3.2%) controls had so. Among the cases, 103(51.5%) had deranged AST level while it was deranged in 64(12.8%) controls. ALP and serum total protein followed similar pattern (more deranged in cases than controls). Conclusion: Liver function test impairment occurs in preeclampsia which is characterized by rise in mean level of serum transaminase levels and serum bilirubin level and fall in serum total protein and albumin level.

scholarly journals A study of deranged liver function as an early predictor of perforated appendix

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Ananda B. B. ◽  
Madhusudana M. N. ◽  
Santhosh R.
Keyword(s):  
Liver Function ◽  
Liver Function Test ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Serum Bilirubin ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Perforated Appendicitis ◽  
Excretory Function ◽  
Function Test

Introduction: Appendicectomy accounts for 1% of all surgical operations. Portal blood carries nutrients and substances absorbed from gut including bacteria. It is commonly cleared by detoxification and immunological action of reticuloendothelial system. When bacterial load overwhelms the Kupffer cell function, causes dysfunction or damage to the hepatocytes. It reflects, rise in serum bilirubin alone or in combination with liver enzymes depending upon the type, severity and site of lesion. Recently, another substance known as cytokines have also been labelled to be responsible for depressed excretory function of liver. To study deranged liver function test as a predictor of perforated appendix.Methodology: This is a prospective study conducted at Dr. BR Ambedkar Medical college and Hospital between 2015-2017. Clinically suspected cases are investigated to confirm the diagnosis. Subsequently these cases are operated and clinical diagnosis was confirmed pre-operatively and post-operatively by histopathological examination of the specimen. Their clinical and investigative data are compiled and analysed and following observations are obtained. Routine liver function test results are compared with laboratory reference values.Results: In present study non-perforated cases mean total bilirubin was 1.25 and in perforated group 1.83. SGOT in non-perforated cases was 44.58IU/L and perforated cases 107.33IU/L. SGPT in non-perforated cases was 52.19IU/L and perforated cases was 113.33IU/L. Hyperbilirubinemia in perforated appendicitis vs simple appendicitis had a specificity of 75% for perforated appendicitis, a sensitivity of 100%. Conclusions: Elevated serum bilirubin has a high potential in predicting perforation of appendix in clinically suspected cases.

scholarly journals Study of pulmonary function test in asymptomatic smokers and non-smokers between 30-50 years of age in a tertiary care hospital

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 959
Author(s):  
Kekhrielhouto Sophie ◽  
Neelima Singh ◽  
Avinash John Dharvey
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Pulmonary Function Test ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Uncontrolled Hypertension ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Function Test

Background: Tobacco smoking is widely prevalent all over the world and it continues to rise in developing countries. Smoking has a deleterious effect on pulmonary functions. Smoking is the single most significant risk factor contributing to the development of Chronic obstructive airway diseases (COPD). Spirometry by a trained health professional gives an indication of lung health by measuring airway abnormality. Objectives were to study pulmonary function test (PFT) in smokers and non-smokers between 30-50 years and to study the correlation of PFT with pack years.Methods: Apparently healthy subjects, 50 smokers and 50 non-smokers between 30-50 years without any symptoms were included as subjects. Patients with uncontrolled hypertension, recent myocardial infarction and pulmonary TB were excluded. Ex-smokers were excluded from the study. Patients with acute respiratory illness, severe systemic illness, chest trauma and dementia were also excluded. After proper history taking and clinical examination, measuring height and weight (vitals, pulse rate, respiratory rate, blood pressure) the selected individual was subjected to spirometry using ATS criteria (American Thoracic Society criteria). Spirometry was performed using UNI-EM spirometer. Collected data was analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Service (SPSS) software version 17.Results: In this study 94 males and 6 females were enrolled as subjects. Maximum number of the patient 49 cases (49%) presented in the age group of 30-35 years, followed by 23 cases (23%) in 36-40 years age group. Of these 49 cases,15 were smokers while the rest 34 were non-smokers (P=0.0007). In 100 cases studied, 39% showed normal PFT and 61% shows abnormal PFT. Among smokers (out of total 50 cases) pulmonary function test (PFT) was abnormal in 36 cases (72%) while in non-smokers, 25 (50%) had abnormal PFT (P-value-0.024). This data indicates that smoking is highly associated with an abnormal PFT pattern. Out of 100 cases both smokers and non-smokers, 11 (73.33%) underweight cases with (BMI<18.4) showed abnormal PFT. In 50 smokers, maximum cases 29 (58%) had normal BMI (18.5-22.9) (P value 0.0002). Abnormal PFT was observed in 25 (50%) non-smokers (P=0.001). Abnormal PFT was seen in 30 (69.77%) smokers with pack years <15 and 6 smokers (85.6%) with pack years >15 (P-value 0.383).Conclusions: Smoking is common in males between 30-35 years age group. Smoking is highly associated with an abnormal PFT. Cessation of smoking should be encouraged and PFTs from time to time in asymptomatic adults both smokers and non-smokers will be useful for early identification of abnormalities.

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