scholarly journals Assessment of veterinary drugs dispensing practices in veterinary clinics in Gondar town, North West Ethiopia: a cross sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 395
Author(s):  
Birhanu Berihun Kidanu ◽  
Dak Chuol Cay ◽  
Zemene Demelash Kifle
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Guideline ◽  
Continuous Medical Education ◽  
Veterinary Drug ◽  
Essential Drug ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Veterinary Clinic ◽  
Essential Drug List ◽  
Drug List ◽  
Dispensing Practices ◽  
Gondar Town

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Dispensing practice plays a major role in the provision of rational drug therapy. This study aimed to assess the veterinary drug dispensing practice by pharmacists and other veterinarian assistance in veterinary clinic Gondar town.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A cross-sectional prospective descriptive study was carried out in the OPD of three public veterinary clinics in Gondar town for three months. The health facility indicators were examined by ensuring the good dispensing practices in three veterinary clinic and availability of essential drug list.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The average consultation time was 13 min and 50 sec. The average dispensing time was 5 min and 3 sec calculated from 100 prescriptions. The percentage of drugs dispensed was 97.50% and percentage of drugs adequately labeled was high from the dispensed drugs (74.4%). The average patients with drug dosage knowledge were very low (25%). The result of the study revealed that the two veterinary clinic health facilities do not have any essential drug list. Out of three, one of them has a key drug from the WHO list 1 (30%) drug was available.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The overall good dispensing practices at three veterinary clinics is low. Training, supportive supervision through continuous medical education, regular up-to-date medicine information and standard treatment guideline, and therapeutic audit are required for improvement of medicine use by prescriber and dispensers.</p>

scholarly journals Prescription auditing based on World Health Organization (WHO) prescribing indicators: A case of Dilla University referral hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (6-s) ◽  
pp. 21-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nigatu Addisu Bekele ◽  
Jarsso Tadesse
Keyword(s):  
Referral Hospital ◽  
World Health ◽  
Prescribing Practices ◽  
Essential Drug ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prescribing Indicators ◽  
Rational Use ◽  
Essential Drug List ◽  
Drug List ◽  
Health Organization

Introduction: Rational use of drugs requires that patients receive medications appropriate to their clinical needs, in doses that meet their own individual requirements for an adequate period of time, at the lowest cost to them and their community. The issues of irrational use of medicines is global and that a global approach coordinated by WHO with more vigorous implementation of leadership and evidence based advocacy of rational use of medicine is essential Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive and quantitative study was conducted at Dilla University Referral Hospital to determine the current prescribing practices. 1440 prescription were selected using systematic random sampling and reviewed retrospectively for a 2-year period from from September 01/2016 to August 31/ 2018 using prescriptions and Prescription registry. Results: The average number of drugs prescribed per prescription was 1.813  ranging from 1 and 6. 1437(99.79%), 1287(89.38%), 1392 (96.67%), 1428 (99.17%) and 0(0%) of the analyzed prescriptions had name of the patient, date, medical record number, age and address of the patients respectively. Antibiotic and injection was prescribed in 842(58.47%) and 94(6.53%) of encounters respectively. The Percentage of drugs prescribed by generic name and from an essential drug list was 85.33% (n=2227) and 97.43% (n=2543), respectively. Of the total 2610 drugs, 2431(93.14%) drugs were actually dispensed. Conclusion: Polypharmacy, percentage of encounters with with injection and percentage of drugs from essential drug list was within acceptable range. The prescribing practice for antibiotics and generic medicines shows significant deviation from WHO. Keywords: Prescription auditing, WHO prescribing indicators,  Dilla University Referral Hospital.

scholarly journals Prescribing patterns in primary and secondary level government health facilities in a district of Assam: a cross sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 2077
Author(s):  
Dakshadhwari Upadhyay ◽  
Rashmi Ahmed ◽  
Rupali Baruah ◽  
Manjit Boruah
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Secondary Level ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Prescribing Patterns ◽  
Essential Drug ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Essential Drug List ◽  
Drug List ◽  
Rational Drug ◽  
Level Government

Background: Indian markets are flooded with more than 100,000 formulations, compared to approximately 350 formulations listed in the World Health Organization (WHO) essential drug list. To promote rational drug use in developing countries, assessment of drug use patterns with the WHO drug use indicators is becoming increasingly necessary. This study was conducted to study the prescribing patterns using WHO prescribing indicators in government healthcare facilities in a district of Assam.Methods: This was a cross sectional study carried out from July to September 2017. Out of total 4 blocks in Tinsukia district one (Ketetong) was randomly selected. All the primary and secondary level government health facilities were included and visited one by one. All the prescriptions on that day of visit were digitally photographed at the pharmacy of the health institution after taking written informed consent from the patient. A total of 353 prescriptions were scrutinized and analyzed using appropriate statistical tests.Results: Out of total 353 prescriptions collected, 11 were illegible and excluded from the analysis. The average number of drugs per encounter was 3.8. In 62.3% of encounters antibiotics were prescribed and injections were prescribed in 30.1% encounters. 71.8% drugs were prescribed by generic name and 56.2% drugs were prescribed from the essential drug list (EDL).Conclusions: The average number of drugs, percentage of injections and antibiotics per encounter was higher than recommended whereas prescription by generic name and from EDL or formulary was lower than recommended. Training of healthcare workers on rational drug use is need of the hour.

scholarly journals Analysis of Prescription Pattern Among Private Practitioners of Rajshahi Metropolitan City

KYAMC Journal ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 691-696
Author(s):  
Begum Rudaba Jahan ◽  
Md Anwar Habib ◽  
Nazimuddin Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Essential Drug ◽  
Prescribing Pattern ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical Practitioners ◽  
Private Practitioners ◽  
Essential Drug List ◽  
Drug List ◽  
Care Facilities

Background: Now a days our country has improved remarkably in all sectors of health care facilities. But still patients compliance is poor. Though the private practitioners claim higher fees, their practice in writing prescription is controversial. Therefore the present study was designed to evaluate the traditional prescriptions done by registered medical practitioners with that of standard prescription models.Methodology: A cross sectional type of descriptive study was conducted to evaluate the prescribing pattern of the different category of private practitioners practicing within Rajshahi Metropolitan area from 1st November, 2014 to 1st April, 2015. The study was conducted by focusing on the practitioners' prescription layout or mechanics of prescription order writing and the prescribing indicator part of the WHO core drug use indicators. After completion of collection, all the data were coded as well as analyzed by SPSS version 17.Results: Data were collected from 300 patients, 3 patients from each practitioner. Within the superscription part, gender and weight of patients were mentioned only in 1% and 12% of the prescriptions, subscription or direction to the pharmacists was not present even in a single prescription. Follow up advices were found only in 30% of prescriptions and registration numbers of the physicians were mentioned only in 15% of the prescriptions. According to the prescribing indicator, the average number of drugs per encounter was 4.38 and 0% drugs were prescribed by generic name. 13.3% of encounters were with an injection prescribed, only 29.05% drugs were prescribed from EDL (Essential Drug List) of Bangladesh.Conclusion: Standard prescription prescribed by the practitioners was not satisfactory. So the private practitioners should be more aware about the writing of prescriptions in a proper way.KYAMC Journal Vol. 7, No.-1, Jul 2016, Page 691-696

scholarly journals Patterns of Drug Utilization in Cardiology Department of a Tertiary Level Hospital in Bangladesh

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Farhana Afroj ◽  
Feroza Parveen ◽  
Ferdous Ara ◽  
Md Jalal Uddin Iqbal ◽  
Rekha Rani Saha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Prescribing Patterns ◽  
Drug Prescribing ◽  
Essential Drug ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Essential Drug List ◽  
Drug List ◽  
Cardiology Department ◽  
Level Hospital

A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out among patients admitted in cardiology department from 1st January to 31st March 2011 in Sir Salimullah Medical College & Mitford Hospital, Dhaka to see the patterns of prescriptions and use of drug by using WHO core drug use indicators and some additional indices. A total of 300 patients were included in this study. The average number of drugs per encounter was 8.8 and 11.43% drugs were prescribed by generic name. Percentage of encounters with cardiovascular drugs were 64%,other drugs were 36% and 25% injection were prescribed.70.45% drugs were prescribed from EDL of Bangladesh, the availability of copy of essential drug list was present and availability of key drugs was 74%.So the results of the present study may contribute to identify essential drug prescribing patterns in our country. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpp.v28i1-2.20072 Bangladesh J Physiol Pharmacol 2012; 28(1&2):1-4

scholarly journals Drug utilization study in the paediatric department of a tertiary care teaching hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 1518
Author(s):  
Ananditha Sharma Kopparthy ◽  
Sowmya Kaniganti ◽  
Ravikumar Chodavarapu
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Paediatric Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Continuous Medical Education ◽  
Essential Drug ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Essential Drug List ◽  
Positive Outlook

Background: Rational drug use is one of the main concerns of the health care system in India. Paediatric population being more vulnerable require additional focus to achieve this goal. Objectives of the study were to evaluate the prescription patterns according to WHO guidelines and the diseases, for which they are being prescribed, to identify the common diseases and common medications used.Methods: A cross sectional study was done in the paediatrics department for a period of 2 months. All the paediatric prescriptions were evaluated using WHO core indicators like average number of medicines per encounter, percentage of medicines from the essential drug lists and also complimentary indicators like utilization of different dosage forms and diagnostic patterns. Statistical Analysis: Data was analyzed and represented as frequency (n) and percentage (%).Results: 89 out of 302 prescriptions had 2 medicines per encounter, 100% of medicines were included from the Essential Drug List (EDL), 59.4% of the medicines were in generic format of prescription.Conclusions: This study gives a positive outlook at the utilization pattern of drugs with all the indicators specifically Essential Drugs List. Regular auditing, continuous medical education and evidence-based medicine can help in improving the health care.

Recent study on safety monitoring herbal medicines of Thai National Essential Drug List (NEDL)

Planta Medica ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 75 (09) ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Oppamayun ◽  
W Rungapirumnan ◽  
W Suwanakaesawong ◽  
C Uerchaikul
Keyword(s):  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Safety Monitoring ◽  
Essential Drug ◽  
Essential Drug List ◽  
Drug List

scholarly journals Evaluation of rational drug use pattern using WHO prescribing indicators in a medical intensive care unit of a tertiary teaching hospital in Kerala, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 1328
Author(s):  
Shobha P. ◽  
Messaline Sunitha
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Prescribing Practices ◽  
Essential Drug ◽  
Prescribing Pattern ◽  
Respiratory Problems ◽  
Essential Drug List ◽  
Drug List ◽  
Tertiary Teaching ◽  
Set Up

Background: ICU patients are exposed to more number of life saving drugs and face drug related problems like therapeutic failure, drug interactions and frequent adverse drug reactions. The cost of ICU hospitalisation and money spent on medicines is also a huge burden on these patients. A study of prescribing pattern in an ICU set up will serve as a medical audit to monitor and evaluate the prescribing practices to make it more rational and cost effective.Methods: A prospective observational study was carried out in a medical ICU of a tertiary care hospital. All the inpatients admitted in the medical ICU during the study period of 2 months were included in the study. The data obtained from the case sheets were used to assess the prescribing pattern and rationality of drug use.Results: A total of 101 patients were admitted in 2 months. The most common illness for which the patients (22) were admitted was respiratory problems. Average number of drugs per prescription was 6.9. Cardiovascular system (23.9%) drugs were the most frequently prescribed. Pantoprazole (77) was the single most commonly prescribed drug. 40% of the drugs were prescribed from the essential drug list. The average cost of medicines incurred per person in our study was 5126.33 in INR.Conclusions: Polypharmacy and unwanted prescription of proton pump inhibitors can be avoided by prescribing more generics and drugs from essential drug list.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Prescribing Pattern of the Private Practitioners in Bangladesh

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fouzia Begum ◽  
Md Royes Uddin ◽  
M M Shahin Ul Islam ◽  
Mst Nagnin Sarker ◽  
Rakhal Chandra Barman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prescription Drugs ◽  
Prescribing Patterns ◽  
Dhaka City ◽  
Essential Drug ◽  
Prescribing Pattern ◽  
Private Practitioners ◽  
Essential Drug List ◽  
Medication Information ◽  
Drug List ◽  
Patient Medication

A prescription order is a written instruction of doctors to pharmacist to supply drugs in particular form to a patient and the directions to the patients regarding the use of medicines. This study was undertaken to observe the prescribing patterns of the private practitioners in Bangladesh, 430 prescriptions were collected randomly from Dhaka city and analyzed using WHO/INRUD indicators. There were average 3.40 drugs per prescription. Drugs were prescribed in generic name only in 0.20%. About 46.31% drugs were prescribed from the Essential Drug List, only 19% of prescriptions were complete in respect to patient medication information. Antibiotics were prescribed in 70.33% of the prescriptions; injections were prescribed in about 8.35% of the prescriptions. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/fmcj.v7i2.13497 Faridpur Med. Coll. J. 2012;7(2): 51-53

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