Avaliação de projetos e desenvolvimento do pensar avaliativo: relato de um percurso

A principal finalidade deste artigo é jogar luz ao potencial pedagógico das avaliações de projetos e programas sociais e educacionais para o desenvolvimento do pensar avaliativo das organizações e de suas equipes. Apresentam-se o relato sobre o percurso avaliativo de uma organização da sociedade civil do campo educacional e a análise das aprendizagens geradas pelo processo avaliativo de um de seus projetos, baseados em percepções reflexivas e autoavaliativas dos profissionais envolvidos obtidas por meio de entrevistas semidirigidas individuais e coletivas. Observou-se que o processo avaliativo, realizado de maneira interativa e dialógica, pôde contribuir para a ampliação da consciência crítica sobre o projeto, favorecendo o desenvolvimento do raciocínio avaliativo dos participantes, orientando-os para o pensar e o saber-fazer avaliativo crítico, autônomo e emancipatório. Conclui-se que a potência pedagógica das avaliações de projetos para a construção de um pensamento avaliativo nas organizações é ampla, mas ainda timidamente explorada.Palavras-chave: Avaliação de Projetos, Aprendizagem, Ambiente Participativo, Cultura de Avaliação. Evaluación de proyectos y desarrollo del pensar evaluativo: relato de un recorridoLa principal finalidad de este artículo es aclarar el potencial pedagógico de las evaluaciones de proyectos y programas sociales y educativos para desarrollar el pensar evaluativo de las organizaciones y sus equipos. Se presentan el relato sobre el recorrido evaluativo de una organización de la sociedad civil del campo educacional y el análisis de los aprendizajes generados por el proceso evaluativo de uno de sus proyectos, basados en percepciones reflexivas y autoevaluativas de los profesionales involucrados, que se obtuvieron por medio de entrevistas semidirigidas individuales y colectivas. Se observó que el proceso evaluativo, realizado de manera interactiva y dialógica, pudo contribuir para ampliar la consciencia crítica sobre el proyecto, favoreciendo el desarrollo del razonamiento evaluativo de los participantes, orientándolos al pensar y al saber hacer evaluativo crítico, autónomo y emancipatorio. Se concluye que la potencia pedagógica de las evaluaciones de proyectos para construir un pensamiento evaluativo en las organizaciones es amplia, pero todavía tímidamente explorada.Palabras clave: Evaluación de Proyectos, Aprendizaje, Ambiente Participativo, Cultura de Evaluación. Project evaluation and evaluative thinking: reporting an experienceThe main purpose of this article is to throw light on the pedagogical potential of educational programs’ evaluations with the intention of building capacity of evaluative thinking in social organizations and their teams. It presents the path of a civil society organization in the educational field and the analysis of the learnings generated by the process of evaluating one of its projects. It was based on the reflective and self-evaluative perceptions of the professionals involved and obtained using data collection from semi-structured individual and collective interviews. The evaluation process, which was conducted in an interactive and dialogical way, contributed to the expansion of the critical consciousness about the project, favoring the development of the evaluative reasoning of the participants, guiding them to thinking evaluation critically, autonomously and actively. In conclusion, the pedagogical potential of project evaluations, for the construction of an evaluative thinking in organizations, is broad but still little explored.Keywords: Project Evaluation, Learning, Participatory Environment, Evaluation Culture.

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Autoavaliação institucional: outros sentidos de avaliação (im)possíveis?

Estudos em Avaliação Educacional ◽

10.18222/eae.v30i74.5829 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 30 (74) ◽

pp. 558

Author(s):

Rita de Cássia Prazeres Frangella ◽

Maria Cristina Rezende de Campos

Keyword(s):

Rio De Janeiro ◽

Evaluation System ◽

Quality Of Education ◽

Self Assessment ◽

Institutional Assessment ◽

Palabras Clave ◽

El Sistema ◽

Evaluation Policies ◽

Educational Field

Neste artigo, analisamos a autoavaliação institucional que integra o Sistema de Avaliação da Educação de Niterói (Saen), estado do Rio de Janeiro. O objetivo é discutir seu processo de constituição num contexto de centralidade das políticas de avaliação, defendendo essa como possibilidade de produção de políticas pelas escolas, como produção de sentidos de avaliação para além da lógica de accountability, colocando outros sentidos de qualidade em disputa. A partir de aportes pós-estruturais, assumimos o entendimento da política como luta pela significação, que se dá entre tensões, negociações, traduções. Concluímos argumentando que a experiência posta em análise nos permite problematizar de forma propositiva as políticas de avaliação centralizadas e centralizadoras que têm ganhado destaque no cenário educacional. Palavras-chave: Autoavaliação, Avaliação Institucional, Autoavaliação Institucional, Qualidade da Educação. Autoevaluación institucional: ¿otros sentidos de evaluación (im)posibles? En este artículo analizamos la autoevaluación institucional que integra el Sistema de Evaluação da Educação de Niterói (Saen), estado de Rio de Janeiro. El objetivo es discutir su proceso de constitución en un contexto de centralidad de las políticas de evaluación, defendiendo a ésta como una posibilidad de producción de políticas por las escuelas, como producción de sentidos de evaluación más allá de la lógica de accountability, colocando otros sentidos de calidad en disputa. A partir de aportes post-estructurales, asumimos el entendimiento de la política como lucha por la significación, que se da entre tensiones, negociaciones, traducciones. Concluimos argumentando que la experiencia en análisis nos permite problematizar de forma propositiva las políticas de evaluación centralizadas y centralizadoras que han ganado destaque en el escenario educacional.Palabras clave: Autoevaluación, Evaluación Institucional, Autoevaluación Institucional, Calidad de la Educación. Institutional self-assessment: other (im)possible meanings of assessment? In this article, we analyze the institutional self-assessment that integrates the Education Evaluation System of Niterói (SAEN) in the state of Rio de Janeiro. The aim is to discuss its constitution process in a context of centrality of evaluation policies, supporting it as a possibility for the schools to produce policies as production of meanings of evaluation beyond the logic of accountability, putting other meanings of quality in dispute. From post-structural contributions, we assume the understanding of the policies as the struggle for meaning, which occurs between tensions, negotiations, and translations. We conclude by arguing that the analytical experience allows us to propose centered and centralized evaluation policies that have gained prominence in the educational field.Keywords: Self-Assessment, Institutional Assessment, Institutional Self-Assessment, Quality of Education.

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Derechos humanos y religiosidades

Siwo Revista de Teología ◽

10.15359/siwo.12-1.1 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 13-38

Author(s):

Helio Gallardo

Keyword(s):

Derechos Humanos ◽

Palabras Clave ◽

Sociedad Civil ◽

Los Grupos

El artículo expone una concepción sociohistórica de derechos humanos y muestra que el vínculo entre sociedad civil y religiosidades (y en especial sus formas institucionalizadas, o sea, plasmadas en iglesias, como es el caso del catolicismo) tiene un polo fuerte (la sociedad civil) y uno débil (las iglesias). En el campo de derechos humanos, las iglesias no pueden oponerse al Estado ni a la sociedad civil. Vale para todos los Estados que han firmado los protocolos y pactos de derechos humanos. De esta manera una iglesia, por ejemplo, puede rechazar la práctica homosexual en su seno, pero no puede perseguir ni acosar de forma alguna esta práctica en la existencia social. No se está ante una situación ética, sino de juricidad ciudadana. Los ciudadanos pueden darse las prácticas sexuales que deseen mientras no constituyan delito. Los grupos religiosos pueden rechazar determinadas prácticas para sus miembros, pero no pueden hacer de su rechazo una cuestión política. Un subtema del artículo es que instituciones religiosas y derechos humanos no se articulan constructivamente de modo espontáneo, sino que pueden diferir y enfrentarse. Palabras clave: derechos humanos, religiosidades, sociedad civil, iglesias, Estado.

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Gender and Computing at University in the UK

Human Computer Interaction ◽

10.4018/978-1-87828-991-9.ch099 ◽

2009 ◽

pp. 1583-1590

Author(s):

Ruth Woodfield

Keyword(s):

Information Technology ◽

Computer Science ◽

Educational Level ◽

The Us ◽

Underlying Causes ◽

The Subject ◽

Using Data ◽

Women's Role ◽

The Uk ◽

Educational Field

In the late 1970s, women’s progress and participation in the more traditional scientific and technical fields, such as physics and engineering, was slow, prompting many feminist commentators to conclude that these areas had developed a nearunshakeable masculine bias. Although clearly rooted in the domains of science and technology, the advent of the computer was initially seen to challenge this perspective. It was a novel kind of artefact, a machine that was the subject of its own newly created field: “computer science” (Poster, 1990, p. 147). The fact that it was not quite subsumed within either of its parent realms led commentators to argue that computer science was also somewhat ambiguously positioned in relation to their identity as masculine. As such, it was claimed that its future trajectory as equally masculine could not be assumed, and the field of computing might offer fewer obstacles and more opportunities for women than they had experienced before. Early predictions of how women’s role in relation to information technology would develop were consequently often highly optimistic in tone. Computing was hailed as “sex-blind and colour-blind” (Williams, Cited in Griffths 1988, p. 145; see also Zientara, 1987) in support of a belief that women would freely enter the educational field, and subsequently the profession, as the 1980s advanced. During this decade, however, it became increasingly difficult to deny that this optimism was misplaced. The numbers of females undertaking undergraduate courses in the computer sciences stabilised at just over a fifth of each cohort through the 1980s and 1990s, and they were less likely to take them in the more prestigious or researchbased universities (Woodfield, 2000). Tracy Camp’s landmark article “The Incredible Shrinking Pipeline” (1997), using data up to 1994, plotted the fall-off of women in computer science between one educational level and the next in the US. It noted that “a critical point” was the drop-off before bachelor-level study—critical because the loss of women was dramatic, but also because a degree in computer science is often seen as one of the best preparatory qualifications for working within a professional IT role1. The main aim of this article is to examine how the situation has developed since 1994, and within the UK context. It will also consider its potential underlying causes, and possible routes to improvement.

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Gender and Computing at University in the UK

Encyclopedia of Gender and Information Technology ◽

10.4018/978-1-59140-815-4.ch057 ◽

2011 ◽

pp. 365-371

Author(s):

Ruth Woodfield

Keyword(s):

Information Technology ◽

Computer Science ◽

Educational Level ◽

The Us ◽

Underlying Causes ◽

The Subject ◽

Using Data ◽

Women's Role ◽

The Uk ◽

Educational Field

In the late 1970s, women’s progress and participation in the more traditional scientific and technical fields, such as physics and engineering, was slow, prompting many feminist commentators to conclude that these areas had developed a near-unshakeable masculine bias. Although clearly rooted in the domains of science and technology, the advent of the computer was initially seen to challenge this perspective. It was a novel kind of artefact, a machine that was the subject of its own newly created field: “computer science” (Poster, 1990, p. 147). The fact that it was not quite subsumed within either of its parent realms led commentators to argue that computer science was also somewhat ambiguously positioned in relation to their identity as masculine. As such, it was claimed that its future trajectory as equally masculine could not be assumed, and the field of computing might offer fewer obstacles and more opportunities for women than they had experienced before. Early predictions of how women’s role in relation to information technology would develop were consequently often highly optimistic in tone. Computing was hailed as “sex-blind and colour-blind” (Williams, Cited in Griffths 1988, p. 145; see also Zientara, 1987) in support of a belief that women would freely enter the educational field, and subsequently the profession, as the 1980s advanced. During this decade, however, it became increasingly difficult to deny that this optimism was misplaced. The numbers of females undertaking undergraduate courses in the computer sciences stabilised at just over a fifth of each cohort through the 1980s and 1990s, and they were less likely to take them in the more prestigious or research-based universities (Woodfield, 2000). Tracy Camp’s landmark article “The Incredible Shrinking Pipeline” (1997), using data up to 1994, plotted the fall-off of women in computer science between one educational level and the next in the US. It noted that “a critical point” was the drop-off before bachelor-level study—critical because the loss of women was dramatic, but also because a degree in computer science is often seen as one of the best preparatory qualifications for working within a professional IT role1. The main aim of this article is to examine how the situation has developed since 1994, and within the UK context. It will also consider its potential underlying causes, and possible routes to improvement.

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Foresight evaluation: lessons from project management

foresight ◽

10.1108/fs-03-2012-0017 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 75-91 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Ekaterina A. Makarova ◽

Anna Sokolova

Keyword(s):

Project Management ◽

Design Methodology ◽

Quantitative Methods ◽

Evaluation Model ◽

Methodological Approach ◽

Evaluation Process ◽

Project Evaluation ◽

Evaluation Framework ◽

Content Type ◽

Evaluation Procedures

Purpose – The aim of this paper is to identify ways for improvement of the foresight evaluation framework on the basis of analysis and systematisation of accumulated experience in the field of project management. Design/methodology/approach – The paper is based on a detailed literature review devoted to an evaluation of foresight and traditional projects. The approaches to project evaluation in the field of project management were investigated, and the main steps of traditional project evaluation process were determined. The most commonly applied steps of foresight evaluation were identified by the analysis of recent foresight evaluation projects. The comparison of evaluation frameworks for foresight projects and traditional projects allows to provide recommendations for foresight evaluation framework improvement. Findings – The paper identifies several lessons for foresight evaluation from project management. The elements which can enrich foresight evaluation framework are the following: the development of an evaluation model; the extensive use of quantitative methods; the elaboration of evaluation scales; the inclusion of economic indicators into evaluation; and the provision of more openness and transparency for evaluation results. Originality/value – Given the importance of foresight evaluation procedures and the lack of a commonly applied methodological approach, the value of this paper consists in identifying a foresight evaluation framework and enriching it with elements of project management.

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Consumer Comprehension of OTC Medication Labels and the Scope for Improvement in Font Size

Journal of Pharmacy Technology ◽

10.1177/875512250702300404 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 23 (4) ◽

pp. 207-213 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Sharanya Murty ◽

Sujit S Sansgiry

Keyword(s):

Purchase Intention ◽

Process Model ◽

Evaluation Process ◽

Consumer Preference ◽

Product Evaluation ◽

Ease Of Use ◽

Product Knowledge ◽

Font Size ◽

Dependent Variables ◽

Univariate Anova

Background: On March 17, 1999, the FDA mandated a new standardized format called “Drug Facts” and a minimum font size of 6 points for the labeling of over-the-counter (OTC) medications. Yet, some text legibility studies report consumer preference for font sizes of at least 10 points. The possibility therefore exists that the minimum font size mandated by the FDA might be too small for certain consumers to read. Objective: To compare the effectiveness of 3 labeling formats—old, new, and simulated labels (SLs)—using the OTC medication Label Evaluation Process Model (LEPM). Methods: A within-subjects experimental design was used. SLs designed for this study contained similar information as the new labels plus a larger font size. English-speaking consumers viewed these label formats and completed a questionnaire that requested consumer demographic information and measured their responses on 5 domains of the LEPM: ease of use, product knowledge, attitude toward product label, product evaluation, and purchase intention. These 5 domains were the dependent variables for this study. The independent variable was the label format. Data were analyzed using the SAS 9.1 software. A multivariate analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by a univariate ANOVA determined the effect of label format on the dependent variables. Results: Each label format differed significantly from the others in terms of ease of use, attitude, product evaluation, and purchase intention, with the highest mean scores reported for SLs. SLs were the only label format that significantly improved consumers' product knowledge. Conclusions: Although the new standardized OTC labels are an improvement from the old unstandardized label format, there is a need for further improvement in OTC medication labeling, especially regarding the font size on these labels.

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La banalidad del mal y la natalidad pensadas desde el desprecio y el apego

Revista de la Academia ◽

10.25074/0196318.0.50 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 20 ◽

pp. 9

Author(s):

Valentina Bulo Vargas

Keyword(s):

Font Size ◽

Historical Approach ◽

Banality Of Evil ◽

Palabras Clave ◽

Political Function ◽

The Way

El presente texto busca ampliar la tesis arendtiana sobre la banalidad del mal, para proponer de la mano de Heidegger, un tono histórico desde donde poder dar cuenta de eso que Arendt llama la banalidad del mal y que aquí pretenderemos completar con el ámbito afectivo desde lo que denominaremos desapego absoluto o desprecio, junto a su tono contrario, el apego, como complemento a la natalidad propuesta por Arendt. Con ello se busca también abrir la pregunta por la función que podría tener la afectividad en el modo de construcción de nuestras comunidades y por tanto una cierta función política de la afectividad. Palabras clave: banalidad del mal, afectividad, cuerpo, desprecio, apego The banality of evil and natatity conceptualized from desdain and attachementThis text seeks to expand Arendt´s thesis on the banality of evil, to propose, together with Heidegger, a historical approach to the role that affectivity and body could play on this topic, and furthermore, on the way that our communities are constructed. The article intends to complement Arendt’s theory with affectivity, resorting to terms such as absolute disregard or disdain, together with attachment –an opposite concept used to complement what Arendt defines as natality. This is also to open the question of the role of affectivity in the mode of construction of our communities and therefore of its political function.Keywords: banality of evil, affectivity, body, disdain, attachment

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Democratização do acesso à educação superior em debate: avaliação do Prouni

Estudos em Avaliação Educacional ◽

10.18222/eae.v30i73.5713 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 30 (73) ◽

pp. 202

Author(s):

Claudia Regina Baukat Silveira Moreira ◽

Ângelo Ricardo De Souza

Keyword(s):

Higher Education ◽

Public Schools ◽

Educación Superior ◽

Access To Higher Education ◽

Education Evaluation ◽

Educational Inequalities ◽

Font Size ◽

Educacion Superior ◽

Palabras Clave ◽

Evaluation Of Policies

Partindo da constatação de que a oferta de vagas na educação superior é sobre tudo privada, este trabalho pretende identificar os perfis dos bolsistas beneficiados pelo Programa Universidade para Todos (ProUni), considerando três cursos: Pedagogia, Medicina e Direito. Para tanto, o recurso foi o da avaliação de políticas, tal como formulado no campo de políticas públicas. Foram analisados os microdados do questionário socioeducacional aplicado por ocasião da realização do Exame Nacional de Desempenho dos Estudantes (Enade), no período entre 2008 e 2013. Os dados permitem concluir que o ProUni é bem-sucedido quanto às metas estabelecidas, garantindo a inserção de jovens pobres, oriundos principalmente da escola pública. Contudo, os dados também possibilitam afirmar que o programa é limitado quanto ao seu escopo, pois as diferenças identificadas entre os bolsistas dos três cursos analisados sugerem que há uma reprodução das desigualdades educacionais.Palavras-chave: Políticas Educacionais, Avaliação de Programas, Prouni, Desigualdades Educacionais. Democratización del acceso a la educación superior en debate: evaluación de ProuniPartiendo de la constatación de que la oferta de plazas en la educación superior es sobre todo privada, este trabajo pretende identificar los perfiles de los becarios beneficiados por el Programa Universidad para Todos (ProUni), considerando tres cursos: Pedagogía, Medicina y Derecho. Para ello, se utilizó el recurso de la evaluación de políticas, tal como formulado en el campo de políticas públicas. Se analizaron los microdatos del cuestionario socioeducativo aplicado durante la realización del Exame Nacional de Desempenho dos Estudantes (Enade), en el periodo abarcado entre 2008 y 2013. Los datos permiten concluir que ProUni es exitoso en lo que concierne a las metas establecidas, asegurando la inserción de jóvenes pobres provenientes por encima de todo de la escuela pública. Sin embargo, los datos también permiten afirmar que el programa es limitado en lo que se refiere a su alcance, ya que las diferencias identificadas entre los becarios de los tres cursos analizados sugieren que hay una reproducción de las desigualdades educacionales.Palabras clave: Políticas Educacionales, Evaluación de Programas, Prouni, Desigualdades Educativas. Debateon the democratization of access to higher education: evaluation of ProuniBased on the fact that the majority of vacancies in higher education is mainly in private schools in Brazil, this study aims to identify the profiles of the beneficiaries of the program University for All (ProUni). It considers three courses: Pedagogy, Medicine and Law. The research resource used was the evaluation of policies established in the field of public policies. The microdata collected, using the socio-educational questionnaire during the application of Enade between 2008 and 2013, were analyzed. These data allow us to conclude that ProUni has been successful in terms of its established goals of ensuring the access of poor young people coming from public schools, to higher education. However, the data also allow us to affirm that the program is limited in scope, since the differences identified among the benefitted students in the different courses suggest that there is a reiteration of the educational inequalities.Keywords:Educational Policies, Program Evaluation, Prouni, Educational Inequalities.

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Aspecto léxico, sentido y colocaciones: los nombres de sentimiento

Borealis – An International Journal of Hispanic Linguistics ◽

10.7557/1.1.1.2295 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 63 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Begoña Sanromán

Keyword(s):

Font Size ◽

Palabras Clave

El objetivo de este estudio es mostrar que la distinción aspectual entre predicados estativos individuales y episódicos puede aplicarse a los nombres que expresan sentimiento en español. Partimos de dos premisas: 1) los nombres de sentimiento son predicados estativos y 2) existen dos clases de nombres de sentimiento: por una parte, los nombres de causa interna (NCI), por ejemplo, respeto o envidia, denotan sentimientos que se originan en el experimentador como resultado de un pensamiento a través del cual se evalúa un objeto del mundo; por otra, los nombres de causa externa (NCE) como asombro o desesperación representan sentimientos que surgen en el experimentador como reacción a un hecho externo. Como hipótesis de trabajo defendemos la existencia de correlaciones entre las dos clases de nombres de sentimiento, NCI y NCE, de un lado, y las dos clases de predicados estativos, individuales y episódicos, de otro, de tal modo que los NCI se comportan como predicados individuales y los NCE, como predicados episódicos. Dado que la diferencia fundamental entre los predicados individuales y los episódicos viene determinada por su capacidad o incapacidad para expresar los límites espaciales y/o temporales de la situación por ellos aludida, mostraremos que solo los NCE coocurren con expresiones delimitadoras de tiempo y/o espacio. Como pruebas para diagnosticar el comportamiento aspectual de los nombres de sentimiento, utilizamos las colocaciones, codificadas por medio del aparato formal de las funciones léxicas (FFLL) de Mel’čuk (1996) y recogidas, en su mayor parte, en el Diccionario de colocaciones del español (DiCE). Palabras clave. Predicados individuales y predicados episódicos; nombres de sentimiento; colocaciones; funciones léxicas; aspecto léxico.

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Integración de organizaciones y empresas al territorio por medio de innovaciones sociales

ENERO-JUNIO 2021 - Revista Innovaciones de Negocios ◽

10.29105/rinn12.23-8 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 12 (23) ◽

Author(s):

Luis Portales

Keyword(s):

Social Sciences ◽

Civil Society ◽

Social Innovation ◽

Complex Form ◽

Dynamic Aspect ◽

Enterprise Integration ◽

Social Actors ◽

Palabras Clave ◽

Social Innovations ◽

Sociedad Civil

Abstract. Territory is a concept that has been approached from different scopes of social sciences. As a result of its study, currently is understand as a multidimensional and complex form, where not only take into consideration the geographical aspect and availability of resources, but also includes a relational and dynamic aspect. Consequence of this view it can be used as a framework to analyze the different connections that social actors presents between them, and the causes, implications and effects they have on the territory where theyoperate. The aim of this paper is to present how different actors have been integrated into the territory as a result of the breakdown in social roles that state, civil society and companies traditionally had been doing. These schemes of collaboration and integration can be understood as social innovations that generate socioeconomic processes aimed to improving living conditions for all inhabitants. The analysis is a framework that serves as the basis for thestudy of social innovations that occur most frequently in the current context.Key words: enterprise integration, inter-sectorial partnerships, social actors, social innovation, territory.JEL: O35, O10, M10Resumen. El territorio es un concepto que ha sido abordado desde diferentes ramas de las ciencias sociales, sin embargo, y como resultado de su estudio, actualmente es visualizado de una forma multidimensional y compleja, en donde no solamente se toman en consideración su aspecto geográfico y la disposición de recursos, sino que también se incluye su aspecto relacional y dinámico. Consecuencia de esta visualización éste puede ser utilizado como un marco de referencia para analizar las diferentes articulaciones que presentan losactores sociales que en él convergen, así como las causas, implicaciones y efectos que éstastienen en el entorno donde se encuentran y en los mismos actores que las generan. El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar la forma en que los diferentes actores se han idointegrando al territorio como consecuencia de la ruptura en los roles sociales que Estado,organizaciones de la sociedad civil y empresas tradicionalmente venían realizando. Estos esquemas de colaboración e integración pueden ser entendidos como innovaciones sociales que generan procesos socioeconómicos orientados a la mejora de condiciones de vida detodos los habitantes. El análisis realizado es un marco de referencia que sirve como base para el estudio de las innovaciones sociales que se presentan con mayor frecuencia en elcontexto actual. Palabras clave: actores sociales, alianzas intersectoriales, innovación social, integración empresarial, territorio.

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