scholarly journals Comparative evaluation of the clinical effects of high Air-Through soft diaper and standard diaper in Indian babies with diaper rash

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 353-359
Author(s):  
Salvi Anjali N ◽  
Rajiv Joshi ◽  
Amit Bhawe ◽  
Rinko Takagi ◽  
Haruko Toyoshima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Effect ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Diaper Dermatitis ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Change In The Mean ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group B

The incidence of diaper dermatitis (rash) in India is reported to be in the range of four to thirty-five per cent in children up to 2 years of age. To evaluate the clinical effect of using High Air-Through Soft Diaper and babies’ favourite diaper (Standard diaper) on Indian babies’ skin. This was a single-blinded, randomized, controlled, cross-over study. Eligible babies were randomized in two treatment groups. Babies in Group A used High Air-Through Soft Diaper for the first two weeks and then used standard diaper for the next 2 weeks. Babies in Group B used a standard diaper for the first two weeks and then used a High Air-Through Soft Diaper for the next 2 weeks. The study was completed with 105 babies. Theevaluation of the skin using the scoring system and photographs for representative purposes. At baseline, the mean total diaper rash scores were comparable in both Group A and Group B viz. 3.04 ± 1.00 and 3.30 ± 1.04 respectively and the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.195). After 2 weeks, the mean total diaper rash score increased significantly from the baseline in both Group A and Group B (5.05 ± 1.97; p = 0.001 and 6.16 ± 2.22, p = 0.001 respectively); the rise in the mean total diaper rash score was significantly more in Group B than that in Group A (p = 0.045). After 4 weeks, a significant increase in the mean total diaper rash score (1.31 ± 2.69; p =0.001) was observed from what it was at 2 weeks in the Group A and there was an insignificant decrease in the mean total diaper rash score (-0.52 ± 2.54; p =0.153) in Group B from what it was at 2 weeks; the change in the mean total diaper rash score was significantly more in Group A than that in Group B (P = 0.001). Both High Air-Through Soft Diaper and standard diaper in babies caused a significant increase in mean total diaper rash score. However, the extent and the degree of rash induced with the use of High Air-Through Soft Diaper was significantly less than that during the usage of the standard diaper. Thus, High Air-Through Soft Diaper due to technologies used in it appears to be superior to the standard diaper in reducing the mean total diaper rash score.

Efficacy and Safety of Oral Ivermectin and Topical Permethrin in the Treatment of Scabies

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
Mohsena Akhter ◽  
Ishrat Bhuiyan ◽  
Zulfiqer Hossain Khan ◽  
Mahfuza Akhter ◽  
Gulam Kazem Ali Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Sarcoptes Scabiei ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Common Skin ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group B

Background: Scabies is one of the most common skin diseases in our country. It is caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei var hominis, which is an ecto-parasite infesting the epidermis. Scabies is highly contagious. Prevalence is high in congested or densely populated areas. Individuals with close contact with an affected person should be treated with scabicidal which is available in both oral and topical formulations. The only oral but highly effective scabicidal known to date is Ivermectin. Amongst topical preparations, Permethrin 5 % cream is the treatment of choice. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy & safety of oral Ivermectin compared to topical Permethrin in the treatment of scabies. Methodology: This prospective, non-randomized study was conducted at the out-patient department of Dermatology and Venereology of Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College & Hospital over a period of 6 months, from August 2016 to January 2017. The study population consisted of one hundred patients having scabies, enrolled according to inclusion criteria. They were divided into two groups. group A was subjected to oral Ivermectin and the group B to Permethrin 5% cream. Patients were followed up on day 7 and 14 for assessment of efficacy and safety. Result: The mean scoring with SD in group A (Ivermectin) and group B (Permethrin) were 8.26 ± 2.22 and 7.59 ± 2.01 respectively at the time of observation. The difference between the mean score of the two group is not significant (p=0.117) the mean scoring with SD in group A and group B were 4.54 ± 2.05 and 1.64 ± 1.84 respectively at 7thdays. The difference between the mean score of the two group is significant (p<0.001). The mean scoring with SD in group A and group B were 2.68± 2.35 and .36± 1.10 respectively at 14th day difference between the mean score of the group is significant (p<0.001). Conclusion: Topical application of permethrin 5% cream is more effective and safer than oral Ivermectin in the treatment of scabies. TAJ 2020; 33(1): 41-47

scholarly journals Clinical Efficacy Of Ceftriaxone Versus Ciprofloxacin In Paediatric Enteric Fever

2018 ◽  
Vol 08 (02) ◽  
pp. 67-71
Author(s):  
Anila Farhat ◽  
Asma Shaukat ◽  
Tariq Mahmood Khan
Keyword(s):  
Enteric Fever ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B ◽  
Objective Determination

Objective: Determination of the clinical effectiveness of ciprofloxacin versus ceftriaxone in children with enteric fever on the basis of defervescence within 72 hours of commencement of treatment. Duration and Place of Study: This randomized controlled trial was carried out from 15th May to 15th November 2017 in pediatrics units of Benazir Bhutto Shaheed Teaching Hospital Abbottabad and Jinnah International Hospital Abbottabad. Methodology: 90 children with uncomplicated enteric fever were admitted and divided randomly into two groups, Group A was administered I/V Ceftriaxone 75mg/kg OD and Group B was given I/V Ciprofloxacin 10mg/kg BD for seven days. Response to drug was taken as defervescence within 72 hours while continued fever after 72 hours was taken as no response. The data was analyzed by using SPSS Version 21.00. Results: In our research study 53(58.9%) children were male and 37(41.1%) patients were female. The mean age was 8.43±3.17 years encompassing 4 to 14 years, mean weight of the patients in kg was 29.54±10.8 kg. Efficacy of ceftriaxone group was 93.3% while in ciprofloxacin group 62.2% patients became afebrile in 72 hours. The proportion of achieving defervescence within 72 hours was higher with ceftriaxone than with ciprofloxacin Conclusion: Ceftriaxone is more efficacious in terms of achieving defervescence than ciprofloxacin in children having enteric fever.

Comparison of harmonic scalpel versus Milligan Morgan technique in haemorrhoidectomy patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ahmad ◽  
Syed Tatheer Abbas ◽  
Amna Javaid ◽  
Naveed Arshad ◽  
Falak Shair
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Operative Time ◽  
Harmonic Scalpel ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
P Value ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Complete Wound Healing ◽  
Group B

Objectives: To assess the comparison of harmonic scalpel versus Milligan Morgan technique in patients undergoing haemorrhoidectomy. Methodology: This randomized controlled trial study was conducted at General Hospital, Lahore, from March 2019 to September 2019. Informed consent was obtained from eligible 60 patients. Patients were randomly divided into two equal groups. In group-A, haemorrhoidectomy was conducted according to the harmonic scalpel method. In group-B, open haemorrhoidectomy was performed by the Milligan Morgan procedure. Data was assembled through a designed questionnaire and investigated via SPSS version 25. Data were stratified for descriptive statistics, level of haemorrhoids and period of haemorrhoids. Post-stratification, independent sample t-test was used. Results: Mean age of both groups patients were 44.6±7.6 and 43.8±8.2 years, respectively. In group-A, mean operative time was 20.8±2.8 minutes, while 26.5±2.8 minutes in group-B, which was statistically significant with p-value of 0.001. In group-A, mean convalescence period was 9.7±2.9 days, while 13.4±3.7 days in group-B, which was statistically significant with p-value of 0.001. The mean convalescence period with harmonic scalpel method was 7.4 days (range 5–14, SD 3.6) versus 18.6 days (range 7–30, SD 5.4) with Milligan Morgan technique (P?0.001). This research observed that harmonic scalpel method required almost six weeks for complete wound healing, whereas in  Milligan Morgan technique, complete wound healing was achieved after three months (P<0.05). Conclusion: Harmonic scalpel haemorrhoidectomy found an advantageous method when assessing the operative time and convalescence period. Hence, Harmonic scalpel haemorrhoidectomy can be adapted as a safe and effective alternative method for treating symptomatic haemorrhoids. Continuous...

scholarly journals Effect of certain haematinics on body weight and haemato-biochemical changes in laboratory mice

1970 ◽  
pp. 103-105
Author(s):  
M Jahan ◽  
N Ahmad ◽  
M Myenuddin
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Biochemical Changes ◽  
The Body ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group B ◽  
Physiology Laboratory ◽  
Hb Concentration

A total of 24, six weeks old mice were used to study the body weight and haemato-biochemical changes following administering of different haematinics (CuSO4, FeSO4 and Vitamin B12). The experiment was performed in Physiology laboratory, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, from February to March 2006. They were randomly assigned to one of four equal groups (n = 6). In addition to normal rat pellets Group A was supplemented with CuSO4 @ 0.6mg/mice/day orally, Group B with FeSO4 @ 1.2mg/mice/day orally, and Group C with Vitamin B12 (Cytamin®, Glaxo) @ 0.004mg/mice intramuscularly at every 7 days. Group D was considered as control and was also supplemented with rat pellets. Increased body weight was observed in all haematinic treated mice but group B had a significant (p < 0.05) higher weight gain compared to the control. TEC and PCV increased significantly (p < 0.05) in all the treatment groups compared to the control. Statistically insignificant (p > 0.05) increase in TLC was also recorded in all the treated groups. Hb concentration increased for all the treatment groups. The ESR values of the experimental mice were negligible in first hour. The serum transaminases (SGPT and SGOT) increased in all treated groups but the difference in group A was significant (p < 0.05) compared to the control. Blood urea was recorded significantly (P < 0.01) higher for group A and lower for group C compared to the control. This study can be helpful to study the effect of particular haematinic on animal especially on simple stomach animal and human being as mice is used as human and animal model. Key words: Haematinics, haemato-biochemical parameters, mice DOI = 10.3329/bjvm.v5i1.1325 Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2007). 5 (1 & 2): 103-105

scholarly journals Venous thromboembolism prevention protocol for adapting prophylaxis recommendations to the potential risk post total knee replacement: a randomized controlled trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 2025
Author(s):  
Mariam A. Alameri ◽  
Syed A. Syed Sulaiman ◽  
Abdullah M. Ashour ◽  
Ma’ad F. Al-Saati
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Patient Education ◽  
Risk Stratification ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Education Programs ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Group A ◽  
Total Knee ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B

Background: Total knee replacement (TKR) is a major orthopedic surgery that is considered high risk for the development of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical outcomes that resulted from the use of a new proposed VTE risk stratification protocol for selecting a suitable extended VTE prophylaxis for post TKR surgery patients administered in conjunction with patient education programs. Method: A randomized controlled trial was conducted in two medical centers in Saudi Arabia. A total of 242 patients were enrolled in the study, 121 patients in each group. The experimental group (A) was assessed by using the proposed VTE risk stratification protocol and also took part in patient education programs about TKR and its complications. The control group (B) was assessed by using the 2005 Caprini risk assessment tool and no education programs were given to this group. Both groups were followed for 35 days post operation. Results: The mean age of the participants was 65.86 (SD 8.67) and the majority of them were female 137 (56.6%). The mean body mass index of the study sample was 32.46 (SD 5.51). There were no significant differences between the two groups except for surgery type; the proportion of bilateral TKR in group A was higher than in group B (69/121 (28.5%) vs. 40/121(16.5%), p˂0.05). There were no confirmed pulmonary embolism cases in the study sample and diagnosis of deep-vein thrombosis was confirmed in 12/242 (5.0%) of patients: 1/121 (0.8%) in group A and 11/121 (9.1%) in group B (p˂0.05). The readmission rate for all patients was 2.5% (6/242), all of whom were in group B (p˂0.05). Conclusion: The proposed VTE risk stratification protocol that was applied in conjunction with patient education programs reduced VTE complications and readmission events, post TKR surgery. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04031859.

scholarly journals Which Surgical Method is More Effective in the Fifth Metatarsal Base Fracture?

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 2473011417S0002
Author(s):  
Jun-Beom Kim ◽  
Chi Ahn ◽  
Byeong-Seop Park
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Results ◽  
Plate Group ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group B ◽  
Clinical And Radiological Results ◽  
Mean Time ◽  
Screw Group

Category: Trauma Introduction/Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the clinical and radiological results of internal fixation with headless cannulated screw and locking compression distal ulna hook plate for the fracture at the base of fifth metatarsal bone, Zone 1. Methods: From April 2012 to April 2015, thirty cases (29 patients) were evaluated retrospectively. The mean follow up periods was 13 months. There were divided two groups based on use of the screw (group A, n=15) or the plate (group B, n=15).We measured the displacement to diastasis of the fracture on the foot oblique radiographs taken pre- and post-operatively in each group, checked the time to bone union and the difference of the reduction distance in each group. Clinical results were evaluated using American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) midfoot score at 12 months postoperative. Results: In group A, the mean time to union was 54.2±9.3 days, the mean displacement to diastasis improved to 0.3±0.4 mm postoperatively (p<0.001), and the mean reduction distance was 2.9±1.0 mm. In group B, the mean time to union was 41.5±7.0 days, the mean displacement to diastasis improved to 0.06±0.2 mm postoperatively (p<0.001), and the mean reduction distance was 4.1±1.6 mm. AOFAS score was verified 97.7±3.4 in group A and 98.2±3.2 in group B. The time to union was significantly different between groups A and B (p=0.01).There were no complications. Conclusion: We suggest that the plate is more effective method for the shorter union time in surgical treatment of fifth metatarsal base fractures.

Umbilical vein volume flow in monochorionic twin pairs at 11–14 weeks

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Angelica Zoppi ◽  
Ambra Iuculano ◽  
Giovanni Monni
Keyword(s):  
Umbilical Vein ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Volume Flow ◽  
Crown Rump Length ◽  
Normal Outcome ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

AbstractWe investigated the umbilical vein volume flow (UVVF) at 11–14 weeks in monochorionic-diamniotic (MCDA) twins, focusing on the occurrence of complications. We considered 87 MCDA pregnancies. We used “E-flow” to detect the umbilical vein and measured the mean velocities and diameters of veins, also calculating the UVVF. Pregnancies were divided into four groups: a (twin-to-twin transfusion, TTTS); b (selective intrauterine growth restriction, sIUGR); c (discordance of fluid, DF); and d (with “normal” outcome). The main outcome of the study was the assessment of the difference of UVVF between twin 1 and twin 2 (larger and smaller twin). In eight of eight pairs of group a and seven of seven pairs of group b, the UVVF of fetuses 1 were significantly different than fetuses 2 (P<0.05). The UVVFs of fetuses 2 of group a were significantly lower in respect to the UVVFs of fetuses 2 of group d (P<0.05). We provide evidence of an important difference in UVVF in pairs that successively developed TTTS or sIUGR. The smaller fetuses of group a (TTTS) showed a lower venous return than fetuses 2 of group d (normal). First-trimester UVVF is lower in fetuses with a smaller crown-rump length in twin pairs at risk of TTTS or IUGR.

scholarly journals The Role of Using Motorized Diamond Burr Polisher Instrument in Minimizing the Recurrent Rate of Pterygium Excision

2020 ◽  
pp. 129-136
Author(s):  
Sakar Abdulkarim Nidhamalddin
Keyword(s):  
Diamond Polishing ◽  
Corneal Scar ◽  
Group A ◽  
Iop Measurement ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Diamond Burr ◽  
Pterygium Excision ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group B ◽  
Primary Pterygium

To compare the effects of using motorized diamond burr polisher in pterygium excision versus manual polishing of the corneoscleral bed in reducing the recurrent rate. A prospective, comparative and interventional study of 90 consecutive patients with different grads of primary pterygium, who underwent pterygium excision at Shahid Aso teaching eye hospital in Sulaimani city, between August 2018 till September 2019, which was performed by single surgeon. In group A (45) eyes polishing of the corneoscleral bed done using motorized diamond polishing burr, and in group B (45) eyes using manual crescent blade for polishing. Recurrent rate was evaluated after about (8±2) months postoperatively. Ethical consideration of the risks and the benefits of the procedure was observed for each individual patient. A 90 patients with the mean age of group A (48.84±12.7) years and group B (49.67±12.3) years, complained of different grads of primary pterygium, group A had 31(68.9%) male and 14(31.1%) female, while group B had 22(48.9%) male and 23(51.1%) female. Each individual factors like age, gender, visual acuity, BCVA pre and postoperatively, IOP measurement, dryness of the eye and risk factors like smoking and UV exposure affecting the recurrence were assessed. In both groups the main indication for surgery was sign of irritation. The mean surgical time was calculated and the difference between two groups were significant. After follow-up of average six months the outcomes and recurrent rate were checked, recurrent rate was in group A 1(2.2%) while in group B was 6(13.3%) patients. it significantly decreased. Corneal scar happens in only 1(2.2%) case of group A while in 11(24.4%) cases in group B, Corneal scar was statistically significant. In both groups the change of BCVA was significant but the visual change was more significant in group A in compare to group B. Motorized diamond burr is a safe instrument for polishing the cornea during pterygium excision, it is easy to handle, low price, need lesser operative time, its effect on recurrence postoperatively is significant and beside it leaves lesser corneal scar and early visual recovery postoperatively.   

scholarly journals GESTATIONAL DIABETES

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 1298-1303
Author(s):  
Tayyaba Majeed ◽  
Rabia Adnan ◽  
Irum Mubshar ◽  
Hamis Mahmood ◽  
Kanwal Saba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Route ◽  
Outcome Study ◽  
Neonatal Hypoglycemia ◽  
Consecutive Sampling ◽  
Pregnant Females ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group B ◽  
Study Setting

Objectives: To compare the efficacy of Metformin with insulin in gestationaldiabetes mellitus in terms of fetomaternal outcome. Study Deign: Randomized clinicaltrial study. Setting: Lady Aitchison Hospital Lahore. Period: January 2014 to March 2015.Methodology: Total 500 pregnant females with GDM were included in the study through nonprobability,consecutive sampling. Patients were divided into 2 equal groups (A: B). Patientsin group A were given tablet metformin 500 mg by oral route and group B was administratedregular injection Insulin by subcutaneous route. Results: The mean age of females was32.14±6.13 years. The mean gestational age was 31.07±3.8 weeks. There were 78 (15.6%)females who had 0 parity, 107 (21.4%) females had parity 1, 175 (35%) females had parity2, 95 (19%) females had parity 3, 33 (6.6%) females had parity 4 and 12 (2.4%) femaleshad parity 5.There were 54 (10.8%) cases had PTB, out of which 12 (4.8%) had PTB withmetformin while 42 (16.8%) had PTB with insulin. There were 115 (23%) neonates requiredNICU admission, out of which 37 (14.8%) neonates with metforminand78 (31.2%) neonateswith insulin. There were 87 (17%) neonates who had neonatal hypoglycemia, out of which23 (9.2%) neonates with metformin and64 (25.6%) neonates with insulin. The difference wassignificant between both groups for all fetal outcomes (P<0.05). Conclusion: The metforminis more effective in preventing adverse fetal and maternal outcome as compared to insulin.

scholarly journals Conventional treatment versus vacuum therapy for diabetic foot ulcers treatment

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vigna Sai Potula
Keyword(s):  
Therapy Group ◽  
Vacuum Therapy ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Group A ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trail ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B

Background: This study compares the efficacy of vacuum therapy against conventional iodine povidone dressing with respect to area and time of ulcer.Methods: This study is a randomized controlled trail which was conducted in Meenakshi Medical College hospital and research institute Enathur Kanchipuram. The number of patients selected were 50, which were divided into 2 groups, Group A which consisted of 25 and received vacuum therapy, Group B which consisted of 25 and received povidone-iodine solution.Results: This study was a 16 days study, mean area of ulcer on day 0 was 11.25 cm2 in group B, 10.89 cm2 in group A. On day 6, mean area of ulcer was 10.44 cm2 in group B, 8.98 cm2 in group A. Mean area of ulcer was 10.39 cm2 in group B, 7.66 cm2 in group A on the end of the day 16. The results show that both the groups showed decrease in the area of ulcers, but patients in group A who underwent vacuum therapy have shown greater decrease in the mean area of ulcer. The decrease in surface area of ulcer was statistically significant i.e. p=0.025. There was a greater decrease in infection in group A on 16th day compared to group A on 16th day. On day 0, 48% and 60% growth of microorganisms was observed in patients of group B and group A respectively (p=0.428). On day 16, 28% and 8% growth of microorganisms was observed in patients of group B and group A respectively (p=0.034).Conclusions: Vacuum therapy was more effective compared to conventional method of povidone-iodone solution dressing in rate of healing and time of healing.

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