Research Insights: How Digital Tools Increase Access to Government Services and Social Programs through On-time Renewals of IDs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Reyes ◽  
Benjamin Roseth ◽  
Diego A. Vera-Cossio
Keyword(s):  
User Experience ◽  
Digital Tools ◽  
Social Programs ◽  
Government Services ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Sms Reminders ◽  
To Receive

Sending SMS reminders increased the probability of on-time renewals of IDs by 12 percentage points, while also allowing citizens to renew their IDs online only increased renewals by 8 percentage points. Providing an online option (instead of in-person renewals) was less effective due to a poor user experience with the online procedure. The poorest individuals who received reminders were also more likely to receive transfers from an emergency in-kind transfer delivered through digital vouchers.

scholarly journals Technology, Identification, and Access to Social Programs: Experimental Evidence from Panama

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Reyes ◽  
Benjamin Roseth ◽  
Diego A. Vera-Cossio
Keyword(s):  
Social Program ◽  
Digital Tools ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Social Programs ◽  
Lower Income ◽  
Government Programs ◽  
Policy Interventions ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Technology Identification ◽  
Government Benefits

Access to identification cards (IDs) is often required to claim government benefits. However, it is unclear which policies to increase ID ownership are more effective. We experimentally analyze the effect of two policy interventions to induce the timely renewal of identification cards on access to a government social program in Panama. Sending reminders about expiration dates increased the probability of on-time renewals and of accessing benefits from a social program by 12 and 4.3 percentage points, respectively, relative to a control group. In contrast, allowing individuals to renew their ID online only increased renewals and access to benefits by 8 and 2.9 percentage points, respectively. This result was driven by lower-income individuals. The results suggest that policies to increase ownership of valid identity documentation can reduce inclusion errors in government programs and that simply granting access to digital tools may not be enough to unlock important effects.

scholarly journals A DATA-DRIVEN APPROACH TO USER-EXPERIENCE-FOCUSED MODEL-BASED ROADMAPPING FOR NEW PRODUCT PLANNING

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 61-70
Author(s):  
Ilia Iuskevich ◽  
Andreas-Makoto Hein ◽  
Kahina Amokrane-Ferka ◽  
Abdelkrim Doufene ◽  
Marija Jankovic
Keyword(s):  
New Product Development ◽  
User Experience ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
New Product ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
User Needs ◽  
User Testing ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Data Driven Approach ◽  
To Receive

AbstractUser experience (UX) focused business needs to survive and plan its new product development (NPD) activities in a highly turbulent environment. The latter is a function of volatile UX and technology trends, competition, unpredictable events, and user needs uncertainty. To address this problem, the concept of design roadmapping has been proposed in the literature. It was argued that tools built on the idea of design roadmapping have to be very flexible and data-driven (i.e., be able to receive feedback from users in an iterative manner). At the same time, a model-based approach to roadmapping has emerged, promising to achieve such flexibility. In this work, we propose to incorporate design roadmapping to model-based roadmapping and integrate it with various user testing approaches into a single tool to support a flexible data-driven NPD planning process.

Evaluation criteria versus firm characteristics as determinants of public R&D funding

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Thomas Falk ◽  
Roger Svensson
Keyword(s):  
Firm Size ◽  
Small Firms ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Knowledge Gain ◽  
Firm Characteristics ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Acceptance Probability ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Evaluation Scores ◽  
To Receive

Abstract This study provides new empirical evidence regarding the relevance of evaluation criteria and firm characteristics for public R&D funding decisions. The database used contains both accepted and rejected R&D project proposals, project evaluation scores, and several firm characteristics. The probit estimations show that proposals with high scores on innovative content, spillover, and knowledge gain are significantly more likely to be approved and that most firm-level characteristics are not significant, except for firm size. For example, good or very good assessments of innovative content raise the acceptance probability by between 18 and 37 percentage points, respectively. Small firms are more likely to receive a grant.

scholarly journals How Big is the Ballpark? Assessing Variation in Grant Aid Awards within Net Price Calculator Student Profiles

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Aaron M. Anthony ◽  
Lindsay C. Page
Keyword(s):  
School Grade ◽  
Prospective Students ◽  
Student Aid ◽  
Grade Point ◽  
Postsecondary Institution ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Online Tools ◽  
Student Profiles ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Unexplained Variation

Abstract Net Price Calculators (NPCs) are online tools designed to increase transparency in college pricing by presenting students with individualized estimates of net prices to attend a given postsecondary institution. The federal template NPC predicts identical aid awards for similarly-profiled students attending the same institution. Using the 2012 National Postsecondary Student Aid Survey, we use regression analysis to assess variation in actual financial aid awards among students predicted by the federal template NPC to receive identical awards. We find estimated aid, derived from the federal template NPC, accounts for 70 percent of the variation in actual grant aid received by students. We then consider modifications to the federal template NPC that include an additional upper income bracket option and indicators of both high school grade point average and Free Application for Federal Student Aid filing time. These modifications explain an additional 16 percentage points, or more than half, of the unexplained variation in actual grant aid awards across all institutional sectors. These findings are especially relevant as legislators consider policy efforts to bring greater transparency to college cost and pricing, including creating a universal NPC in which prospective students can enter information once to receive net price estimates at any institution.

scholarly journals Clinical Decision Support and Palivizumab

2015 ◽  
Vol 06 (04) ◽  
pp. 769-784 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Hogan ◽  
J. Michel ◽  
A.R. Localio ◽  
D. Karavite ◽  
L. Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Clinical Decision Support ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Partial Recovery ◽  
Patient Identification ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Comprehensive Intervention ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
To Receive

SummaryBackground and Objectives: Palivizumab can reduce hospitalizations due to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), but many eligible infants fail to receive the full 5-dose series. The efficacy of clinical decision support (CDS) in fostering palivizumab receipt has not been studied. We sought a comprehensive solution for identifying eligible patients and addressing barriers to palivizumab administration.Methods: We developed workflow and CDS tools targeting patient identification and palivizumab administration. We randomized 10 practices to receive palivizumab-focused CDS and 10 to receive comprehensive CDS for premature infants in a 3-year longitudinal cluster-randomized trial with 2 baseline and 1 intervention RSV seasons.Results: There were 356 children eligible to receive palivizumab, with 194 in the palivizumab-focused group and 162 in the comprehensive CDS group. The proportion of doses administered to children in the palivizumab-focused intervention group increased from 68.4% and 65.5% in the two baseline seasons to 84.7% in the intervention season. In the comprehensive intervention group, proportions of doses administered declined during the baseline seasons (from 71.9% to 62.4%) with partial recovery to 67.9% during the intervention season. The palivizumab-focused group improved by 19.2 percentage points in the intervention season compared to the prior baseline season (p < 0.001), while the comprehensive intervention group only improved 5.5 percentage points (p = 0.288). The difference in change between study groups was significant (p = 0.05).Conclusions: Workflow and CDS tools integrated in an EHR may increase the administration of palivizumab. The support focused on palivizumab, rather than comprehensive intervention, was more effective at improving palivizumab administration.

scholarly journals Recourse as Shadow Equity: Evidence from Commercial Real Estate Loans

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (077) ◽  
pp. 1-32
Author(s):  
David Glancy ◽  
◽  
Robert Kurtzman ◽  
Lara Loewenstein ◽  
Joseph Nichols ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Bargaining Power ◽  
Commercial Real Estate ◽  
Loan Contracts ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Real Estate Loan

We study the role that recourse plays in the commercial real estate loan contracts of the largest U.S. banks. We find that recourse is valued by lenders and is treated as a substitute for conventional equity. At origination, recourse loans have rate spreads that are at least 20 basis points lower and loan-to-value ratios that are around 3 percentage points higher than non-recourse loans. Dynamically, recourse affects loan modification negotiations by providing additional bargaining power to the lender. Recourse loans were half as likely to receive accommodation during the COVID-19 pandemic, and the modifications that did occur entailed a relatively smaller reduction in payments.

scholarly journals Results from 2016 Online Ad Voter Turnout Experiment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Kalla
Keyword(s):  
New Hampshire ◽  
Voter Turnout ◽  
Online Advertising ◽  
General Election ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
To Receive

During the 2016 general election, NextGen Climate conducted a 1.2 million person experiment to assess whether online advertising increases voter turnout. Across New Hampshire, Nevada, and Pennsylvania, NextGen Climate randomly assigned 1,041,952 voters to receive GOTV online ads while the remaining 195,368 were randomly assigned to a control group. Overall, we find that the ads likely caused a small, marginally significant increase in voter turnout of 0.14 percentage points (p=0.15).

scholarly journals Exploring the effectiveness of multimodal language pedagogy during the COVID-19 time

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhonggen Yu
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Online Courses ◽  
Massive Open Online Courses ◽  
Digital Tools ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Language Pedagogy ◽  
Multimodal Language ◽  
To Receive

Abstract This special pandemic time has forced billions of learners to receive multimodal language pedagogy. By combing Rain Classroom, WeChat, Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs), with the traditional face-to-face classroom, this study implements a research on the effectiveness of multimodal language pedagogy among English majors (N = 59). It is concluded that the multimodal language pedagogy may improve language learning outcomes compared with the traditional one although there are still many disputes over this approach. The essence of the multimodal language pedagogy may be how to appropriately design rather than what digital tools are involved. Future research may focus on how to design effective multimodal language pedagogy by reducing the distractions and increase the interactions.

scholarly journals What Explains Education Disparities in Screening Mammography in the United States? A Comparison with The Netherlands

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 1961 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hale Koç ◽  
Owen O’Donnell ◽  
Tom Van Ourti
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
The United States ◽  
Screening Mammography ◽  
Medical Advice ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Income Insurance ◽  
To Receive ◽  
The U.S

Background: In the U.S., less educated women are substantially less likely to receive screening mammography. It is not clear whether this is due to differences in access to screening or in perceptions of breast cancer risks and the effectiveness of screening. We weigh the plausibility of these two explanations by examining how the dependence of mammography on education changes after conditioning on indicators of access and perceptions. We also compare estimates for the U.S. with those for the Netherlands where there is universal access to a publicly financed screening program. Method: Cross-sectional and cross-country comparable individual level data from the American Life Panel (n = 646) and the Netherlands Longitudinal Internet Studies for the Social Sciences (n = 1398) were used to estimate and explain education disparities in screening mammograms given to American and Dutch women aged 40+. The education gradient was estimated using logit models. Controls were sequentially added to detect whether disparities were explained by differences in access or perceptions of risks and effectiveness. Results: In the United States, high school graduates were 11.5 percentage points (95% CI: 1–22 percentage points) less likely than college graduates to receive a screening mammogram in the previous two years. This education gradient was largely explained by differences in income, insurance coverage and receipt of medical advice. It was not explained by educational differences in the perceived risk of breast cancer and the effectiveness of mammography. There were no education disparities in receipt of mammography among Dutch women within the 50–75 age range covered by the national screening program. Conclusion: In the absence of a universal screening program in the U.S., determinants of access—income, insurance coverage and receipt of medical advice—appear to drive the education disparities in screening mammography.

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