scholarly journals Cloud-Based Parkinson’s Disease Diagnosis Using Machine Learning

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 915-922
Author(s):  
Ahmed R. Nasser ◽  
Ali M. Mahmood
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Early Treatment ◽  
Intelligent System ◽  
Feature Selection Method ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Classification Model ◽  
Accuracy Measurement ◽  
Diagnosis Model

Parkinson’s disease (PD) harms the human brain's nervous system and can affect the patient's life. However, the diagnosis of PD diagnosis in the first stages can lead to early treatment and save costs. In this paper, a cloud-based machine learning diagnosing intelligent system is proposed for the PD with respect to patient voice. The proposed system is composed of two stages. In the first stage, two machine learning approaches, Random-Forest (RF) and Long-Short-Term-Memory (LSTM) are applied to generate a model that can be used for early treatment of PD. In this stage, a feature selection method is used to choose the minimum subset of the best features, which can be utilized later to generate the classification model. In the second stage, the best diagnosis model is deployed in cloud computing. In this stage, an Android application is also designed to provide the interface to the diagnosis model. The performance evaluation of the diagnosis model is conducted based on the F-score accuracy measurement. The result shows that the LTSM model has superior accuracy with 95% of the F-score compared with the RF model. Therefore, the LSTM model is selected for implementing a cloud-based PD diagnosing application using Python and Java.

A Multi-agent Feature Selection and Hybrid Classification Model for Parkinson's Disease Diagnosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2s) ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Mazin Abed Mohammed ◽  
Mohamed Elhoseny ◽  
Karrar Hameed Abdulkareem ◽  
Salama A. Mostafa ◽  
Mashael S. Maashi
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Feature Selection ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Classification Model ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Multi Agent ◽  
The Voice

Parkinson's disease (PD) diagnostics includes numerous analyses related to the neurological, physical, and psychical status of the patient. Medical teams analyze multiple symptoms and patient history considering verified genetic influences. The proposed method investigates the voice symptoms of this disease. The voice files are processed, and the feature extraction is conducted. Several machine learning techniques are used to recognize Parkinson's and healthy patients. This study focuses on examining PD diagnosis through voice data features. A new multi-agent feature filter (MAFT) algorithm is proposed to select the best features from the voice dataset. The MAFT algorithm is designed to select a set of features to improve the overall performance of prediction models and prevent over-fitting possibly due to extreme reduction to the features. Moreover, this algorithm aims to reduce the complexity of the prediction, accelerate the training phase, and build a robust training model. Ten different machine learning methods are then integrated with the MAFT algorithm to form a powerful voice-based PD diagnosis model. Recorded test results of the PD prediction model using the actual and filtered features yielded 86.38% and 86.67% accuracies on average, respectively. With the aid of the MAFT feature selection, the test results are improved by 3.2% considering the hybrid model (HM) and 3.1% considering the Naïve Bayesian and random forest. Subsequently, an HM, which comprises a binary convolutional neural network and three feature selection algorithms (namely, genetic algorithm, Adam optimizer, and mini-batch gradient descent), is proposed to improve the classification accuracy of the PD. The results reveal that PD achieves an overall accuracy of 93.7%. The HM is integrated with the MAFT, and the combination realizes an overall accuracy of 96.9%. These results demonstrate that the combination of the MAFT algorithm and the HM model significantly enhances the PD diagnosis outcomes.

scholarly journals Metaheuristics with Deep Learning-Enabled Parkinson’s Disease Diagnosis and Classification Model

2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Adel A. Bahaddad ◽  
Mahmoud Ragab ◽  
Ehab Bahaudien Ashary ◽  
Eied M. Khalil
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Fitness Function ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Classification Performance ◽  
Classification Model ◽  
Optimal Subset ◽  
Diagnosis And Classification ◽  
Optimum Solution

Parkinson's disease (PD) affects the movement of people, including the differences in writing skill, speech, tremor, and stiffness in muscles. It is significant to detect the PD at the initial stages so that the person can live a peaceful life for a longer time period. The serious levels of PD are highly risky as the patients get progressive stiffness, which results in the inability of standing or walking. Earlier studies have focused on the detection of PD effectively using voice and speech exams and writing exams. In this aspect, this study presents an improved sailfish optimization algorithm with deep learning (ISFO-DL) model for PD diagnosis and classification. The presented ISFO-DL technique uses the ISFO algorithm and DL model to determine PD and thereby enhances the survival rate of the person. The presented ISFO is a metaheuristic algorithm, which is inspired by a group of hunting sailfish to determine the optimum solution to the problem. Primarily, the ISFO algorithm is applied to derive an optimal subset of features with a fitness function of maximum classification accuracy. At the same time, the rat swarm optimizer (RSO) with the bidirectional gated recurrent unit (BiGRU) is employed as a classifier to determine the existence of PD. The performance validation of the IFSO-DL model takes place using a benchmark Parkinson’s dataset, and the results are inspected under several dimensions. The experimental results highlighted the enhanced classification performance of the ISFO-DL technique, and therefore, the proposed model can be employed for the earlier identification of PD.

scholarly journals Parkinson’s Disease Diagnosis in Cepstral Domain Using MFCC and Dimensionality Reduction with SVM Classifier

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Atiqur Rahman ◽  
Sanam Shahla Rizvi ◽  
Aurangzeb Khan ◽  
Aaqif Afzaal Abbasi ◽  
Shafqat Ullah Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Dimensionality Reduction ◽  
Intelligent System ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Binary Classification ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Svm Classifier ◽  
Linear Discriminant

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the most common and serious neurological diseases. Impairments in voice have been reported to be the early biomarkers of the disease. Hence, development of PD diagnostic tool will help early diagnosis of the disease. Additionally, intelligent system developed for binary classification of PD and healthy controls can also be exploited in future as an instrument for prodromal diagnosis. Notably, patients with rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behaviour disorder (RBD) represent a good model as they develop PD with a high probability. It has been shown that slight speech and voice impairment may be a sensitive marker of preclinical PD. In this study, we propose PD detection by extracting cepstral features from the voice signals collected from people with PD and healthy subjects. To classify the extracted features, we propose to use dimensionality reduction through linear discriminant analysis and classification through support vector machine. In order to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method, we also developed ten different machine learning models. It was observed that the proposed method yield area under the curve (AUC) of 88%, sensitivity of 73.33%, and specificity of 84%. Moreover, the proposed intelligent system was simulated using publicly available multiple types of voice database. Additionally, the data were collected from patients under on-state. The obtained results on the public database are promising compared to the previously published work.

Machine Learning Approaches in Parkinson’s Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annamaria Landolfi ◽  
Carlo Ricciardi ◽  
Leandro Donisi ◽  
Giuseppe Cesarelli ◽  
Jacopo Troisi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorder ◽  
Learning Algorithms ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Learning Approaches

Background:: Parkinson’s disease is the second most frequent neurodegenerative disorder. Its diagnosis is challenging and mainly relies on clinical aspects. At present, no biomarker is available to obtain a diagnosis of certainty in vivo. Objective:: The present review aims at describing machine learning algorithms as they have been variably applied to different aspects of Parkinson’s disease diagnosis and characterization. Methods:: A systematic search was conducted on PubMed in December 2019, resulting in 230 publications obtained with the following search query: “Machine Learning” “AND” “Parkinson Disease”. Results:: the obtained publications were divided into 6 categories, based on different application fields: “Gait Analysis - Motor Evaluation”, “Upper Limb Motor and Tremor Evaluation”, “Handwriting and typing evaluation”, “Speech and Phonation evaluation”, “Neuroimaging and Nuclear Medicine evaluation”, “Metabolomics application”, after excluding the papers of general topic. As a result, a total of 166 articles were analyzed, after elimination of papers written in languages other than English or not directly related to the selected topics. Conclusion:: Machine learning algorithms are computer-based statistical approaches which can be trained and are able to find common patterns from big amounts of data. The machine learning approaches can help clinicians in classifying patients according to several variables at the same time.

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