scholarly journals Muzyka chóralna w diecezji lubelskiej w okresie posługi biskupa Stefana Wyszyńskiego

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (4 Zeszyt specjalny) ◽  
pp. 123-136
Author(s):  
Tomasz Lisiecki
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Choral Music ◽  
Catholic Church ◽  
Church Music ◽  
Original Compositions ◽  
World War ◽  
Musical Culture ◽  
Pastoral Work ◽  
The Church

The article presents the pastoral project of recreating the musical culture of the Catholic Church in Poland after World War II. The author outlines a broader context of pastoral activities undertaken at that time by the Primate of Poland, August Hlond. The pastoral work of Bishop Stefan Wyszyński in the Lublin Diocese was part of this nationwide plan to rebuild the role of music in churches, especially in the field of choral music. The article discusses the main assumptions of this work. It was based on Wyszyński’s understanding of choirs as a very important pastoral group in the Church, which should be constantly educated musically and religiously formed. The main liturgical task of the choir, as understood by Bishop Wyszyński, was to introduce new liturgical songs to the churches of the diocese. Choirs, as always, also performed polyphonic pieces. Together with the Diocesan Organist Commission, he precisely defined the repertoire of the choirs, both in terms of liturgical monody and polyphonic pieces. This procedure helped achieve two goals: raising the level of performance by drawing attention to valuable and original compositions and creating a diocesan choral community. The latter case was especially favored by the conventions of choirs of a competition and festival nature, which gathered several hundred people. Bishop Wyszyński’s extensive pastoral activities, also in the field of choral music, contributed to a significant revival of the diocesan choral movement and to raising the level of church music performed in the Diocese of Lublin.

scholarly journals The Birth Control Debate: 1930s-1940s

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-51
Author(s):  
Shannon Mattice
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Birth Control ◽  
Catholic Church ◽  
Women Of Color ◽  
White Women ◽  
World War ◽  
The Great Depression ◽  
Unwanted Pregnancies ◽  
The Church

Throughout the 1930s and 1940s birth control became a part of a larger social problem that spanned across political and religious lines. Due to economic issues caused by the Great Depression, bringing children into the world was no longer a feasible dream for many families that already struggled with providing for themselves and any children they already had. The Comstock Laws prevented women from seeking out contraceptive methods to prevent unwanted pregnancies. Men, however, were encouraged during World War II to use contraceptives to prevent pregnancies. While white women were not being given choices on their own reproductive rights, women of color in the South were being forced into sterilization programs. These programs highlight the authority men had over women’s agency at the time. The role of the church at the time is also explored as the Protestant and the Catholic church had drastically different views on the use of birth control.

Praying for Justice: The World Council of Churches and the Program to Combat Racism

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-96
Author(s):  
Kate Burlingham
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
World War ◽  
World Council Of Churches ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Foreign Missions ◽  
The World ◽  
World Council ◽  
Violent Action ◽  
The Church

In the late 1960s and early 1970s, individuals around the world, particularly those in newly decolonized African countries, called on churches, both Protestant and Catholic, to rethink their mission and the role of Christianity in the world. This article explores these years and how they played out in Angola. A main forum for global discussion was the World Council of Churches (WCC), an ecumenical society founded alongside the United Nations after World War II. In 1968 the WCC devised a Program to Combat Racism (PCR), with a particular focus on southern Africa. The PCR's approach to combating racism proved controversial. The WCC began supporting anti-colonial organizations against white minority regimes, even though many of these organizations relied on violence. Far from disavowing violent groups, the PCR's architects explicitly argued that, at times, violent action was justified. Much of the PCR funding went to Angolan revolutionary groups and to individuals who had been educated in U.S. and Canadian foreign missions. The article situates global conversations within local debates between missionaries and Angolans about the role of the missions in the colonial project and the future of the church in Africa.

scholarly journals Polszczyzna na Mohylewszczyźnie – przeszłość i stan obecny (raport z badań terenowych)

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 113-137
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Ostrówka ◽  
Ewa Golachowska
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Catholic Church ◽  
Field Research ◽  
World War ◽  
Church Education ◽  
Regional Features ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
History Of ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
The Church

Polish language in the Mohylew region – the past and present (the report on field research)The research in the Mohylew region is a continuation of research concerning the language of Catholics in former North-Eastern Borderland. The work contains an outline of the history of the Mohylew region including the history of the Catholic Church, education and functioning of Polish in this land. Besides Mohylew the following places were visited: Czausy, Faszczówka and Bezczynne where parishes are being revived. Evangelisation is in Belorussian and only in Mohylew one Holy Mass is in Polish every day. Conclusions: The Polish language in the Mohylew region has been functioning since 16th century what is confirmed in Mohylew town chronicles grave inscriptions in local Polish Cemetary. It has also been, excluding Jesuit parishes (Jesuits evangelised in the language of a given nationality, wrote catechisms and grammars) the language of prayers and lithurgy. The result of the progress of russification was that the range of its use narrowed down. The next stage (20’s and 30’s of 20th century) of the fight with the Church and religion led to interrupting passing the Polish language even in those families where it survived throughout former stages. In this way the Polish tradition was interrupted. At present it is very difficult to meet people using the old local Polish language. The Polish with regional features can be heard with those people who came to Mohylew after the World War II. There is also another quality: the language learned at school or courses. The Polish language is generally idiolectally diverse, its shape depends on the degree of fluency in Polish. On the basis of reviving catholicism and the Polish language with numerous young people who discovered their roots there is a process of reconstructing the Polish identity. Польский язык на Могилёвщине – прошлое и современность (отчёт по полевым исследованиям)Полевые исследования на Могилёвщине являются продолжением проводимых авторами исследований языка католиков на бывших северо-восточных рубежах Польши. В статье представлен краткий очерк истории Могилёвщины, католической церквы, просвещения на польском языке и функционирования польского языка на исследуемой территории. Кроме Могилёва авторы статьи посетили Чаусы, Фащевку и Бесчине. В этих местностях возрождаются католические приходы. Евангелизация и богослужения ведутся на белорусском языке. Только в Могилёве ежедневно одна месса происходит на польском языке. Выводы: Польским языком на Могилёвщине пользовались с XVI века, что подтверждают городские хроники и надписи на местном Польском кладбище. Кроме того он был (за исключением приходов, которые вели иезуиты, которые вели римскокатолическое вероучение на национальных языках) языком молитвы и литургии. По мере усиливания руссификации во время разделов Польши, использование польского языка уменьшалось. Очередной период (20-е и 30-е годы ХХ века) борьбы с католической церковью и религией стали причиной прекращения передачи польского языка даже в тех семьях, в которых он сохранился в предыдущий период. Одновременно прекратилась польская традиция. В настоящее время трудно найти людей, говорящих на давнем местном польском языке. Польский язык, насыщенный региональными диалектными чертами, встречается ещё у лиц, которые прибыли на Могилёвщину после второй мировой войны. Мы обнаружили ещё одну разновидность польского языка – это язык выученный в школе и на языковых курсах. В общем польский язык на Могилёвщине сильно дифференцирован в зависимости от индивида, а его качество от степени присвоения данного кода. Опираясь на возрождающийся католицизм и польский язык у многих молодых людей, которые обнаружили свои польские корни, наступает процесс реконструкции польского самосознания.

Prva svetovna vojna in Slovenci: 1994–2014

2015 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-171
Author(s):  
Petra Svoljšak
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
World War I ◽  
Gender Studies ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Central Theme ◽  
World War ◽  
The World ◽  
Historical Writings ◽  
The Church

WORLD WAR I AND SLOVENIANS: 1994–2014The paper examines the Slovenian historiographic production about the topic of World War I from 1994 to 2014 and represents a continuation of a commented bibliography, which encompassed the period from 1918 to 1993. The time between 1994 and 2014 was characterised by enormous production and a shift of the contents from the »Yugoslav« themes, which had tailored the statehood remembrance after World War I; the decline of the World War I themes as the focus shifted to the historiographic examination of World War II; and the very diversified research in the last period. The central theme of the historical writings is the Soča/Isonzo Front, but not merely as a military process: the focus shifted on the level of the soldiers’ experience, gender studies, the role of the Church, fatalities among soldiers, and remembrance of World War I. All of these issues have been subjected to historical research as well.

The FBI and the Catholic Church

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regin Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Cold War ◽  
Catholic Church ◽  
World War ◽  
Federal Bureau Of Investigation ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Catholic Church

The relationship between the Federal Bureau of Investigation and the Catholic Church was complex and changed over time. It is well-known that the bureau and the hierarchy of the church cooperated and supported each other during the early part of the Cold War. However, there is more to the story than that. This chapter explains how the bureau, for a number of reasons, pursued a relationship with Catholics during the late 1930s and World War II. As the author explains, however, the Catholic Church was never a monolithic entity, and the bureau maintained surveillance of progressive and radical Catholics who questioned the Cold War consensus. This chapter will focus on a little-known event at the end of World War II when the bureau played an important role in influencing the hierarchy of the Catholic Church to abandon its traditional liberal (or positive) anticommunism for a conservative (or negative) anticommunism.

scholarly journals Komparativna analiza prostorne organizacije Katoličke Crkve na hrvatskoj obali Jadrana. Promjene nakon Drugoga svjetskog rata te perspektive buduće reorganizacije

Geoadria ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 183
Author(s):  
Josip Kajinić
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Catholic Church ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
World War ◽  
Church Administration ◽  
Spatial Sense ◽  
Adriatic Coast ◽  
Official Records ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Catholic Church

This paper outlines the changes in the organisation of the Catholic Church in Istria, Kvarner and Dalmatia after World War II. A detailed analysis of the circumstances that lead to the establishment of the Rijeka Diocese, Archdiocese and Metropolitan Archdiocese, ecclesiastical union of the Istrian region in Croatia, the abolition of the Zadar Metropolitan Archdiocese, the raising of the Split-Makarska Diocese to an Archdiocese, and the establishment of the Split Metropolitan Archdiocese. The principles upon which the Church reorganisation in the spatial sense are considered, and presents new insights, particularly for the Croatian dimension. The second part of the paper gives a comparative analysis of the spatial organisation of the Catholic Church on the Croatian coast of the Adriatic Sea, with other countries. Examples were selected based on compatibility of different factors, with consideration to the historical context of events and their causes. To that aim, specific examples of the church administration in France and Italy are given. Using these examples and documents of church archives and official records and documents of the Catholic Church, this paper gives a final overview of the possibilities for the reorganisation of the church administration on the Croatian Adriatic coast.

Literature & Politics in Poland

Worldview ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 4-6
Author(s):  
Robert D. English
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
National Culture ◽  
Catholic Church ◽  
National Literature ◽  
Pope John Paul Ii ◽  
World War ◽  
Polish Literature

If Westerners harbored any doubts about the role of the Catholic Church in sustaining the Polish national spirit, the recent visit of Pope John Paul II to his native land surely laid them to rest. And yet the Church's historic partner in the enterprise of keeping Polish nationalism alive is still generally overlooked. That partner is Poland's national literature.Polish literature helped sustain the nation through centuries of oppression, and its role in the post-World War II epoch has been no less critical. From the Romantic classics of the nineteenth century to a (for Eastern Europe) remarkably free modern literature, Poland's authors and poets are its unsung heroes in the struggle to preserve an independent national culture.

John Cranko's Antigone (1959): A Ballet Lost and Found

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Henrietta Bannerman
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Jean Racine ◽  
World War ◽  
Martha Graham ◽  
Detailed Consideration ◽  
Lost And Found ◽  
The Many ◽  
Tragic Drama ◽  
The Relationship

John Cranko's dramatic and theatrically powerful Antigone (1959) disappeared from the ballet repertory in 1966 and this essay calls for a reappraisal and restaging of the work for 21st century audiences. Created in a post-World War II environment, and in the wake of appearances in London by the Martha Graham Company and Jerome Robbins’ Ballets USA, I point to American influences in Cranko's choreography. However, the discussion of the Greek-themed Antigone involves detailed consideration of the relationship between the ballet and the ancient dramas which inspired it, especially as the programme notes accompanying performances emphasised its Sophoclean source but failed to recognise that Cranko mainly based his ballet on an early play by Jean Racine. As Antigone derives from tragic drama, the essay investigates catharsis, one of the many principles that Aristotle delineated in the Poetics. This well-known effect is produced by Greek tragedies but the critics of the era complained about its lack in Cranko's ballet – views which I challenge. There is also an investigation of the role of Antigone, both in the play and in the ballet, and since Cranko created the role for Svetlana Beriosova, I reflect on memories of Beriosova's interpretation supported by more recent viewings of Edmée Wood's 1959 film.

Painted Memories

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 26-29
Author(s):  
mayer kirshenblatt ◽  
barbara kirshenblatt-gimblett
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
World War ◽  
Daily Diet ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
Yom Kippur ◽  
Root Vegetables

Mayer Kirshenblatt remembers in words and paintings the daily diet of Jews in Poland before the Holocaust. Born in 1916 in Opatóów (Apt in Yiddish), a small Polish city, this self-taught artist describes and paints how women bought chickens from the peasants and brought them to the shoykhet (ritual slaughterer), where they plucked the feathers; the custom of shlogn kapores (transferring one's sins to a chicken) before Yom Kippur; and the role of herring and root vegetables in the diet, especially during the winter. Mayer describes how his family planted and harvested potatoes on leased land, stored them in a root cellar, and the variety of dishes prepared from this important staple, as well as how to make a kratsborsht or scratch borsht from the milt (semen sack) of a herring. In the course of a forty-year conversation with his daughter, Barbara Kirshenblatt-Gimblett, who also interviewed Mayer's mother, a picture emerges of the daily, weekly, seasonal, and holiday cuisine of Jews who lived in southeastern Poland before World War II.

THE ROLE AND ROLE OF OIL POLICY IN SAUDI ARABIA IN POST WORLD WAR II ECONOMIC LIFE

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-41
Author(s):  
Maftuna Sanoqulova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
World War ◽  
Post World War Ii ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Oil Policy

This article consists of the politics which connected with oil in Saudi Arabia after the World war II , the relations of economical cooperations on this matter and the place of oil in the history of world economics

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